ABAP 字符串函数

CONCATENATE：合并字符串.

CONCATENATE f1 … fn INTO g [SEPARATED BY h].

 1 * CONCATENATE合并字符串
 2 DATA: c1(10)  TYPE c VALUE  'Sum',
 3       c2(3)   TYPE c VALUE  'mer',
 4       c3(5)   TYPE c VALUE  'holi ',
 5       c4(10)  TYPE c VALUE  'day',
 6       c5(30)  TYPE c ,
 7       sep(3)  TYPE c VALUE ' - '.
 8 CONCATENATE c1 c2 c3 c4 INTO c5.
 9 WRITE c5.
10 CONCATENATE c1 c2 c3 c4 INTO c5 SEPARATED BY sep.
11 WRITE / c5.

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输出结果：
Summerholiday
Sum - mer - holi - day

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SPLIT: 字符串拆分.

SPLIT f AT g INTO h1 … hn.

SPLIT f AT g INTO TABLE itable.

 1 * splitting strings
 2 DATA: string10(60) TYPE c ,
 3       p1(20) TYPE c VALUE '++++++++++++++++++++',
 4       p2(20) TYPE c VALUE '++++++++++++++++++++',
 5       p3(20) TYPE c VALUE '++++++++++++++++++++',
 6       p4(20) TYPE c VALUE '++++++++++++++++++++',
 7       del10(3) TYPE c VALUE '***'.
 8 string10 = ' Part 1 *** Part 2 *** Part 3 *** Part 4 *** Part 5'.
 9 WRITE string10.
10 SPLIT string10 AT del10 INTO p1 p2 p3 p4.
11 WRITE / p1.
12 WRITE / p2.
13 WRITE / p3.
14 WRITE / p4.

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输出结果：

Part 1 *** Part 2 *** Part 3 *** Part 4 *** Part 5

Part 1

Part 2

Part 3

Part 4 *** Part 5

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SHIFT：字符串整体或者字串进行转移.

如果SHIFT 操作的对象是 C类型， 则所有字节都会向前移动一位，最后一位用空格代替；

如果SHIFT操作的对象是String类型，则所有字符都会向前移动一位，最后一位删除；

SHIFT c <LEFT/RIGHT/CIRCULAR>.

SHIFT c BY n PLACES.

SHIFT c UP TO c1.

 1 * SHIFT c BY n PLACES 用法.
 2 DATA: t1(10) TYPE c VALUE 'abcdefghij',
 3      string1 LIKE t1.
 4
 5 string1 = t1.
 6 WRITE string1.
 7 SHIFT string1.
 8 WRITE / string1.
 9 string1 = t1.
10 SHIFT string1 BY 3 PLACES LEFT.
11 WRITE / string1.
12 string1 = t1.
13 SHIFT string1 BY 3 PLACES RIGHT.
14 WRITE / string1.
15 string1 = t1.
16 SHIFT string1 BY 3 PLACES CIRCULAR.
17 WRITE / string1.

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输出结果：

abcdefghij   “string1

bcdefghij

defghij

abcdefg

defghijabc

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 1 * SHIFT c UP TO c1
 2 DATA: t2(10) TYPE c VALUE 'abcdefghij',
 3       string2 LIKE t2,
 4       str2(2) TYPE c VALUE 'ef'.
 5
 6 string2 = t2.
 7 WRITE string2.
 8 SHIFT string2 UP TO str2.
 9 WRITE / string2.
10 string2 = t2.
11 SHIFT string2 UP TO str2 LEFT.
12 WRITE / string2.
13 string2 = t2.
14 SHIFT string2 UP TO str2 RIGHT.
15 WRITE / string2.
16 string2 = t2.
17 SHIFT string2 UP TO str2 CIRCULAR.
18 WRITE / string2.

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输出结果：

abcdefghij

efghij

efghij

abcdef

efghijabcd

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移除字符串左/右边的子字符串：

SHIFT c LEFT DELETEING LEADING c1.

SHIFT c RIGHT DELETEING TRAILING c1.

 1 * SHIFT c LEFT/RIGHT DELETEING LEADING c1
 2 DATA: t3(14) TYPE c VALUE '    abcdefghij',
 3       string3 LIKE t3,
 4       str3(6) TYPE c VALUE 'ghijkl'.
 5
 6 string3 = t3.
 7 WRITE string3.
 8 SHIFT string3 LEFT DELETING LEADING space.
 9 WRITE / string3.
10 string3 = t3.
11 SHIFT string3 RIGHT DELETING TRAILING str3.
12 WRITE / string3.

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输出结果：

abcdefghij

abcdefghij

abcdef

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CONDENSE：重新整合分配字符串.

CONDENSE c <NO-GAPS>.

 1 * condensing strings
 2 DATA: string9(25) TYPE c VALUE ' one  two   three    four',
 3       len9 TYPE i.
 4
 5 len9 = strlen( string9 ).
 6 WRITE: string9, '!'.
 7 WRITE: / 'Length: ', len9.
 8 CONDENSE string9.
 9 len9 = strlen( string9 ).
10 WRITE: string9, '!'.
11 WRITE: / 'Length: ', len9.
12 CONDENSE string9 NO-GAPS.
13 len9 = strlen( string9 ).
14 WRITE: string9, '!'.
15 WRITE: / 'Length: ', len9.

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输出结果：

one  two   three    four !

Length:          25  one two three four        !

Length:          18  onetwothreefour           !

Length:          15

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TRANSLATE:实现字符串转换.

TRANSLATE c TO UPPER CASE.

TRANSLATE c TO LOWER CASE.

TRANSLATE c USING c1.

 1 * translating signs
 2 DATA: t5(10) TYPE c VALUE 'AbCdEfGhIj',
 3       string5 LIKE t5,
 4       rule5(20) TYPE c VALUE 'AxbXCydYEzfZ'.
 5
 6 string5 = t5.
 7 WRITE string5.
 8 TRANSLATE string5 TO UPPER CASE.       "#EC SYNTCHAR
 9 WRITE / string5.
10 string5 = t5.
11 TRANSLATE string5 TO LOWER CASE.       "#EC SYNTCHAR
12 WRITE / string5.
13 string5 = t5.
14 TRANSLATE string5 USING rule5.         "#EC SYNTCHAR
15 WRITE / string5.

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输出结果：

AbCdEfGhIj

ABCDEFGHIJ

abcdefghij

xXyYzZGhIj

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TRANSLATE c … FROM CODE PAGE g1 … TO CODE PAGE g2.

OVERLAY:参考字符串对空白字符进行填充.

OVERLAY c with c1.

REPLACE:字符串按条件取代.

REPLACE f … WITH g … INTO h.

 1 * replacing values
 2 DATA: t4(10) TYPE c VALUE 'abcdefghij',
 3       string4 LIKE t4,
 4       str41(4) TYPE c VALUE 'cdef',
 5       str42(4) TYPE c VALUE 'klmn',
 6       str43(2) TYPE c VALUE 'kl',
 7       str44(6) TYPE c VALUE 'klmnop',
 8       len4 TYPE i VALUE 2.
 9
10 string4 = t4.
11 WRITE string4.
12 REPLACE str41 WITH str42 INTO string4.
13 WRITE / string4.
14 string4 = t4.
15 REPLACE str41 WITH str42 INTO string4 LENGTH len4.
16 WRITE / string4.
17 string4 = t4.
18 REPLACE str41 WITH str43 INTO string4.
19 WRITE / string4.
20 string4 = t4.
21 REPLACE str41 WITH str44 INTO string4.
22 WRITE / string4.

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输出结果：

abcdefghij

abklmnghij

abklmnefgh

abklghij

abklmnopgh

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SERACH:搜索指定字符串. 通过SY_SUBRC取值得到查询结果.

SERACH f FOR g.

[ABBREVIATED] : 从指定字符串中按顺序搜索相匹配字符串 abbreviated

[STARTING AT n1 ]：从字符串第n1个字符串开始搜索

[ENDING AT n2 ]：搜索到字符串第 n2个字符为止

[AND MARK]：从指定字符串中模糊搜索相匹配字符串

 1 *searching strings
 2 DATA string7(30) TYPE c VALUE 'This is a little sentence.'.
 3 WRITE: / 'Searched', 'SY-SUBRC', 'SY-FDPOS'.
 4
 5 ULINE /1(26).
 6 SEARCH string7 FOR 'X'.
 7 WRITE: / 'X', sy-subrc UNDER 'SY-SUBRC',
 8                sy-fdpos UNDER 'SY-FDPOS'.
 9 SEARCH string7 FOR 'itt   '.
10 WRITE: / 'itt   ', sy-subrc UNDER 'SY-SUBRC',
11                    sy-fdpos UNDER 'SY-FDPOS'.
12 SEARCH string7 FOR '.e .'.
13 WRITE: / '.e .', sy-subrc UNDER 'SY-SUBRC',
14                   sy-fdpos UNDER 'SY-FDPOS'.
15 SEARCH string7 FOR '*e'.
16 WRITE: / '*e ', sy-subrc UNDER 'SY-SUBRC',
17                 sy-fdpos UNDER 'SY-FDPOS'.
18 SEARCH string7 FOR 's*'.
19 WRITE: / 's* ', sy-subrc UNDER 'SY-SUBRC',
20                 sy-fdpos UNDER 'SY-FDPOS'.

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输出结果：

Searched SY-SUBRC SY-FDPOS

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X            4        0

itt           0       11

.e .          0       15

*e           0       10

s*           0       17

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 1 *
 2 DATA: string8(30) TYPE c VALUE 'This is a fast first example.',
 3       pos8 TYPE i,
 4       off8 TYPE i.
 5
 6 WRITE / string8.
 7 SEARCH string8 FOR 'ft' ABBREVIATED.
 8 WRITE: / 'SY-FDPOS:', sy-fdpos.
 9 pos8 = sy-fdpos + 2.
10 SEARCH string8 FOR 'ft' ABBREVIATED STARTING AT pos8 AND MARK.
11 WRITE / string8.
12 WRITE: / 'SY-FDPOS:', sy-fdpos.
13 off8 = pos8 + sy-fdpos - 1.
14 WRITE: / 'Off:', off8.

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输出结果：

This is a fast first example.

SY-FDPOS:    10

This is a fast FIRST example.

SY-FDPOS:     4

Off:         15

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SERACH itab FOR g.

[ABBREVIATED] : 从内表中按顺序逐行搜索相匹配字符串

[STARTING AT line1 ]：从字符串第n1个字符串开始搜索

[ENDING AT line2 ]：搜索最大范围到内表中具体某行

[AND MARK]：从内表中模糊搜索相匹配字符串

搜索内表与字符串操作一致:

PS：其中源码部分来自SAP官方文档。