第一次项目上Linux服务器（五：CentOS7下Mysql数据库的安装与配置（转））

好像在CentOS 7系统中，默认安装的mysql是它的分支mariadb。所以不能像CentOS-6.3那样安装，如下：

[root@izwz ~]# yum -y install mysql mysql-server mysql-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Package 1:mariadb-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
No package mysql-server available.
Package 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do

所以按如下步骤安装：

1.下载rpm包

[root@izwz ~]# rpm -Uvh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Retrieving http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-release-el7-5    ################################# [100%]

2.查看当前可用的mysql安装资源

[root@izwz ~]# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community                  42
mysql-tools-community/x86_64      MySQL Tools Community                       51
mysql56-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.6 Community Server                 361

3.yum安装

[root@izwz ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.38-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.6.38-2.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.6.10 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1()(64bit) for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.109-13.el7 will be installed
---> Package mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 will be obsoleted
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.38-2.el7 will be obsoleting
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.6.10 for package: mysql-community-client-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.38-2.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 will be obsoleted
--> Processing Dependency: mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.56-2.el7 for package: 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.38-2.el7 will be obsoleting
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 will be obsoleted
---> Package mysql-community-devel.x86_64 0:5.6.38-2.el7 will be obsoleting
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=======================================================================================================
 Package                        Arch           Version                 Repository                 Size
=======================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-community-client         x86_64         5.6.38-2.el7            mysql56-community          19 M
     replacing  mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7
 mysql-community-devel          x86_64         5.6.38-2.el7            mysql56-community         3.4 M
     replacing  mariadb-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7
 mysql-community-libs           x86_64         5.6.38-2.el7            mysql56-community         2.0 M
     replacing  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7
 mysql-community-server         x86_64         5.6.38-2.el7            mysql56-community          59 M
Installing for dependencies:
 libaio                         x86_64         0.3.109-13.el7          base                       24 k
 mysql-community-common         x86_64         5.6.38-2.el7            mysql56-community         257 k

Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================================
Install  4 Packages (+2 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 84 M
Downloading packages:
(1/6): libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm                                         |  24 kB  00:00:00
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql56-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Public key for mysql-community-common-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
(2/6): mysql-community-common-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64.rpm                           | 257 kB  00:00:00
(3/6): mysql-community-devel-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64.rpm                            | 3.4 MB  00:00:00
(4/6): mysql-community-libs-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64.rpm                             | 2.0 MB  00:00:00
(5/6): mysql-community-client-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64.rpm                           |  19 MB  00:00:02
(6/6): mysql-community-server-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64.rpm                           |  59 MB  00:00:05
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                   12 MB/s |  84 MB  00:00:07
Retrieving key from file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
 Userid     : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>"
 Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5
 Package    : mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch (installed)
 From       : file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
  Installing : mysql-community-common-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64                                          1/9
  Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64                                            2/9
  Installing : mysql-community-client-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64                                          3/9
  Installing : libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64                                                        4/9
  Installing : mysql-community-server-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64                                          5/9
  Installing : mysql-community-devel-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64                                           6/9
  Erasing    : 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64                                                 7/9
  Erasing    : 1:mariadb-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64                                                       8/9
  Erasing    : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64                                                  9/9
  Verifying  : mysql-community-libs-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64                                            1/9
  Verifying  : mysql-community-client-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64                                          2/9
  Verifying  : mysql-community-devel-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64                                           3/9
  Verifying  : mysql-community-server-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64                                          4/9
  Verifying  : mysql-community-common-5.6.38-2.el7.x86_64                                          5/9
  Verifying  : libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64                                                        6/9
  Verifying  : 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64                                                 7/9
  Verifying  : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64                                                  8/9
  Verifying  : 1:mariadb-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64                                                       9/9 

Installed:
  mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.38-2.el7       mysql-community-devel.x86_64 0:5.6.38-2.el7
  mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.38-2.el7         mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.38-2.el7      

Dependency Installed:
  libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.109-13.el7              mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.38-2.el7             

Replaced:
  mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 mariadb-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7

Complete!

安装完成。

4.启动MySQL

[root@izwz ~]# service mysqld start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start  mysqld.service

5.查看运行状态

[root@izwz ~]# service mysqld status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status  mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Community Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2017-11-02 18:53:14 CST; 11min ago
 Main PID: 13242 (mysqld_safe)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           ├─13242 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr
           └─13409 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mys...

Nov 02 18:53:12 izwz9f55c9f7l08ddn5qz7z mysql-systemd-start[13183]: which will also give you the option of removing the test
Nov 02 18:53:12 izwz9f55c9f7l08ddn5qz7z mysql-systemd-start[13183]: databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
Nov 02 18:53:12 izwz9f55c9f7l08ddn5qz7z mysql-systemd-start[13183]: strongly recommended for production servers.
Nov 02 18:53:13 izwz9f55c9f7l08ddn5qz7z mysql-systemd-start[13183]: See the manual for more instructions.
Nov 02 18:53:13 izwz9f55c9f7l08ddn5qz7z mysql-systemd-start[13183]: Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/
Nov 02 18:53:13 izwz9f55c9f7l08ddn5qz7z mysql-systemd-start[13183]: The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at
Nov 02 18:53:13 izwz9f55c9f7l08ddn5qz7z mysql-systemd-start[13183]: http://www.mysql.com
Nov 02 18:53:13 izwz9f55c9f7l08ddn5qz7z mysqld_safe[13242]: 171102 18:53:13 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'.
Nov 02 18:53:13 izwz9f55c9f7l08ddn5qz7z mysqld_safe[13242]: 171102 18:53:13 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
Nov 02 18:53:14 izwz9f55c9f7l08ddn5qz7z systemd[1]: Started MySQL Community Server.

到这应该没有问题了，接下来就是怎么配置的问题了。

---

配置mysql,设置密码等

#配置mysql

[root@izwz ~]# mysql_secure_installation

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y           #[设置root用户密码]
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y          #[删除匿名用户]
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n    #[禁止root远程登录]
 ... skipping.

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y  #[删除test数据库]
 - Dropping test database...
ERROR 1008 (HY000) at line 1: Can't drop database 'test'; database doesn't exist
 ... Failed!  Not critical, keep moving...
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y   #[刷新权限]
 ... Success!

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MySQL!

Cleaning up...
[root@izwz ~]#