Android 源码编译及常见错误及解决方法

最近要往arm开发板上移植android系统，大大小小的问题遇到了太多太多，都是泪啊。本人初接触嵌入式开发，对问题的根源不是太了解，不过好在每解决一个问题，便记录一下。话不多说，正式罗列问题：

 host Executable: a3dconvert (out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/a3dconvert_intermediates/a3dconvert)
 /usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.5./libstdc++.so when searching for -lstdc++
 /usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.5./libstdc++.a when searching for -lstdc++
 /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lstdc++
 /usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.5./libgcc_s.so when searching for -lgcc_s
 /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc_s
 /usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.5./libgcc.a when searching for -lgcc
 /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc
 collect2: ld returned  exit status
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/a3dconvert_intermediates/a3dconvert] Error 

解决方法：
缺少g++-multilib库，安装即可： apt-get install g++-multilib
$ sudo apt-get install g++-multilib g++-4.5-multilib

 g++: 错误： –fpermissive：没有那个文件或目录
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libutils_intermediates/RefBase.o] 错误 

解决方法：
sudo apt-get install g++-4.4-multilib

 rameworks/base/libs/utils/RefBase.cpp: 在成员函数‘void android::RefBase::weakref_type::trackMe(bool, bool)’中:
 frameworks/base/libs/utils/RefBase.cpp::: 错误： 将‘const android::RefBase::weakref_impl’作为‘void android::RefBase::weakref_impl::trackMe(bool, bool)’的‘this’实参时丢弃了类型限定 [-fpermissive]
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libutils_intermediates/RefBase.o] 错误 

原因：
Ubuntu 11.10的gcc 4.6版本太高了，android编译需要gcc 4.4
解决方法：
更换gcc、g++版本4.6为4.4
sudo apt-get install gcc-4.4
sudo apt-get install g++-4.4
sudo rm -rf /usr/bin/gcc /usr/bin/g++
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/gcc-4.4 /usr/bin/gcc
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/g++-4.4 /usr/bin/g++

 /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lz
 host Executable: aapt (out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aapt_intermediates/aapt)
 /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lz
 collect2: ld returned  exit status
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aapt_intermediates/aapt] Error 

解决方法：
sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev
sudo apt-get install lib64z1-dev

 /bin/bash: bison: command not found
 Yacc: aidl <= frameworks/base/tools/aidl/aidl_language_y.y
 bison -d  -o out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aidl_intermediates/aidl_language_y.cpp frameworks/base/tools/aidl/aidl_language_y.y
 /bin/bash: bison: command not found
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aidl_intermediates/aidl_language_y.cpp] Error 

解决方法：
sudo apt-get install bison

 /bin/bash: flex: command not found
 out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aidl_intermediates/aidl_language_y.cpp: In function ‘int yyparse()’:
 out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aidl_intermediates/aidl_language_y.cpp:: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’
 out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aidl_intermediates/aidl_language_y.cpp:: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’
 Lex: aidl <= frameworks/base/tools/aidl/aidl_language_l.l
 /bin/bash: flex: command not found
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aidl_intermediates/aidl_language_l.cpp] Error 

解决方法： 
sudo apt-get install flex

 /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lncurses
 host Executable: adb (out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/adb_intermediates/adb)
 /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lncurses
 collect2: ld returned  exit status
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/adb_intermediates/adb] Error 

解决方法：
sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev

 fatal error: GL/glx.h: No such file or directory
 development/tools/emulator/opengl/host/libs/Translator/GLcommon/GLDispatch.cpp:: fatal error: GL/glx.h: No such file or directory
 compilation terminated.
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libGLcommon_intermediates/GLDispatch.o] Error 

解决方法：
sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dev

 sh: gperf: not found
 target Generated: libwebcore <= external/webkit/Source/JavaScriptCore/create_regex_tables
 Generating CSSPropertyNames.h <= CSSPropertyNames.in
 sh: gperf: not found
 calling gperf failed:  at ./makeprop.pl line .
 make: *** [out/target/product/generic/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libwebcore_intermediates/Source/WebCore/css/CSSPropertyNames.h] Error
 make: *** Deleting file `out/target/product/generic/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libwebcore_intermediates/Source/WebCore/css/CSSPropertyNames.h'

解决方法：
sudo apt-get install gperf

 host C++: libutils <= frameworks/base/libs/utils/RefBase.cpp
 frameworks/base/libs/utils/RefBase.cpp: In member function ‘void android::RefBase::weakref_type::trackMe(bool, bool)’:
 frameworks/base/libs/utils/RefBase.cpp::: error: passing ‘const android::RefBase::weakref_impl’ as ‘this’ argument of ‘void android::RefBase::weakref_impl::trackMe(bool, bool)’ discards qualifiers [-fpermissive]
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libutils_intermediates/RefBase.o] 错误 

解决方法：
gedit frameworks/base/libs/utils/Android.mk
将语句:
LOCAL_CFLAGS += -DLIBUTILS_NATIVE=1 $(TOOL_CFLAGS)
修改为:
LOCAL_CFLAGS += -DLIBUTILS_NATIVE=1 $(TOOL_CFLAGS) –fpermissive

 out/host/linux-x86/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libcutils_intermediates/libcutils.a(threads.o): In function `thread_store_get':
 /home/leno/works/android_dev/bin/system/core/libcutils/threads.c:: undefined reference to `pthread_getspecific'
 out/host/linux-x86/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libcutils_intermediates/libcutils.a(threads.o): In function `thread_store_set':
 /home/leno/works/android_dev/bin/system/core/libcutils/threads.c:: undefined reference to `pthread_key_create'
 /home/leno/works/android_dev/bin/system/core/libcutils/threads.c:: undefined reference to `pthread_setspecific'
 collect2: ld returned  exit status
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/localize_intermediates/localize] 错误 

解决方法：
修改./framework/base/tools/localize/Android.mk文件
ifeq ($(HOST_OS),linux)
#LOCAL_LDLIBS += -lrt 　　　　　　把这行注释掉，改为下面一行。
LOCAL_LDLIBS += -lrt -lpthread
endif