C#读写config配置文件

应用程序配置文件（App.config）是标准的 XML 文件，XML 标记和属性是区分大小写的。它是可以按需要更改的，开发人员可以使用配置文件来更改设置，而不必重编译应用程序。

对于一个config文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="ServerIP" value="127.0.0.1"></add>
    <add key="DataBase" value="WarehouseDB"></add>
    <add key="user" value="sa"></add>
    <add key="password" value="sa"></add>
  </appSettings>
</configuration>

对config配置文件的读写类：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Configuration;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Configuration;

namespace NetUtilityLib
{
    public static class ConfigHelper
    {
        //依据连接串名字connectionName返回数据连接字符串
        public static string GetConnectionStringsConfig(string connectionName)
        {
            //指定config文件读取
            string file = System.Windows.Forms.Application.ExecutablePath;
            System.Configuration.Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(file);
            string connectionString =
                config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings[connectionName].ConnectionString.ToString();
            return connectionString;
        }

        ///<summary>
        ///更新连接字符串
        ///</summary>
        ///<param name="newName">连接字符串名称</param>
        ///<param name="newConString">连接字符串内容</param>
        ///<param name="newProviderName">数据提供程序名称</param>
        public static void UpdateConnectionStringsConfig(string newName, string newConString, string newProviderName)
        {
            //指定config文件读取
            string file = System.Windows.Forms.Application.ExecutablePath;
            Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(file);

            bool exist = false; //记录该连接串是否已经存在
            //如果要更改的连接串已经存在
            if (config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings[newName] != null)
            {
                exist = true;
            }
            // 如果连接串已存在，首先删除它
            if (exist)
            {
                config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings.Remove(newName);
            }
            //新建一个连接字符串实例
            ConnectionStringSettings mySettings =
                new ConnectionStringSettings(newName, newConString, newProviderName);
            // 将新的连接串添加到配置文件中.
            config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings.Add(mySettings);
            // 保存对配置文件所作的更改
            config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);
            // 强制重新载入配置文件的ConnectionStrings配置节
            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("ConnectionStrings");
        }

        ///<summary>
        ///返回*.exe.config文件中appSettings配置节的value项
        ///</summary>
        ///<param name="strKey"></param>
        ///<returns></returns>
        public static string GetAppConfig(string strKey)
        {
            string file = System.Windows.Forms.Application.ExecutablePath;
            Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(file);
            foreach (string key in config.AppSettings.Settings.AllKeys)
            {
                if (key == strKey)
                {
                    return config.AppSettings.Settings[strKey].Value.ToString();
                }
            }
            return null;
        }

        ///<summary>
        ///在*.exe.config文件中appSettings配置节增加一对键值对
        ///</summary>
        ///<param name="newKey"></param>
        ///<param name="newValue"></param>
        public static void UpdateAppConfig(string newKey, string newValue)
        {
            string file = System.Windows.Forms.Application.ExecutablePath;
            Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(file);
            bool exist = false;
            foreach (string key in config.AppSettings.Settings.AllKeys)
            {
                if (key == newKey)
                {
                    exist = true;
                }
            }
            if (exist)
            {
                config.AppSettings.Settings.Remove(newKey);
            }
            config.AppSettings.Settings.Add(newKey, newValue);
            config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);
            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("appSettings");
        }

        // 修改system.serviceModel下所有服务终结点的IP地址
        public static void UpdateServiceModelConfig(string configPath, string serverIP)
        {
            Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(configPath);
            ConfigurationSectionGroup sec = config.SectionGroups["system.serviceModel"];
            ServiceModelSectionGroup serviceModelSectionGroup = sec as ServiceModelSectionGroup;
            ClientSection clientSection = serviceModelSectionGroup.Client;
            foreach (ChannelEndpointElement item in clientSection.Endpoints)
            {
                string pattern = @"\b\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\b";
                string address = item.Address.ToString();
                string replacement = string.Format("{0}", serverIP);
                address = Regex.Replace(address, pattern, replacement);
                item.Address = new Uri(address);
            }

            config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);
            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("system.serviceModel");
        }

        // 修改applicationSettings中App.Properties.Settings中服务的IP地址
        public static void UpdateConfig(string configPath, string serverIP)
        {
            Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(configPath);
            ConfigurationSectionGroup sec = config.SectionGroups["applicationSettings"];
            ConfigurationSection configSection = sec.Sections["DataService.Properties.Settings"];
            ClientSettingsSection clientSettingsSection = configSection as ClientSettingsSection;
            if (clientSettingsSection != null)
            {
                SettingElement element1 = clientSettingsSection.Settings.Get("DataService_SystemManagerWS_SystemManagerWS");
                if (element1 != null)
                {
                    clientSettingsSection.Settings.Remove(element1);
                    string oldValue = element1.Value.ValueXml.InnerXml;
                    element1.Value.ValueXml.InnerXml = GetNewIP(oldValue, serverIP);
                    clientSettingsSection.Settings.Add(element1);
                }

                SettingElement element2 = clientSettingsSection.Settings.Get("DataService_EquipManagerWS_EquipManagerWS");
                if (element2 != null)
                {
                    clientSettingsSection.Settings.Remove(element2);
                    string oldValue = element2.Value.ValueXml.InnerXml;
                    element2.Value.ValueXml.InnerXml = GetNewIP(oldValue, serverIP);
                    clientSettingsSection.Settings.Add(element2);
                }
            }
            config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);
            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("applicationSettings");
        }

        private static string GetNewIP(string oldValue, string serverIP)
        {
            string pattern = @"\b\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\b";
            string replacement = string.Format("{0}", serverIP);
            string newvalue = Regex.Replace(oldValue, pattern, replacement);
            return newvalue;
        }
    }
}

测试代码如下：

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            try
            {
                //string file = System.Windows.Forms.Application.ExecutablePath + ".config";
                //string file1 = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ConfigurationFile;
                string serverIP = ConfigHelper.GetAppConfig("ServerIP");
                string db = ConfigHelper.GetAppConfig("DataBase");
                string user = ConfigHelper.GetAppConfig("user");
                string password = ConfigHelper.GetAppConfig("password");

                Console.WriteLine(serverIP);
                Console.WriteLine(db);
                Console.WriteLine(user);
                Console.WriteLine(password);

                ConfigHelper.UpdateAppConfig("ServerIP", "192.168.1.11");
                string newIP = ConfigHelper.GetAppConfig("ServerIP");
                Console.WriteLine(newIP);

                Console.ReadKey();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
            }
        }
    }