QQ第三方登录-python_web开发_django框架
准备工作
1. 成为QQ互联的开发者 参考链接：
<http://wiki.connect.qq.com/%E6%88%90%E4%B8%BA%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E8%80%85>
2. 审核通过后，创建应用，即获取本项目对应与QQ互联的应用ID 参考链接：http://wiki.connect.qq.com/__trashed-2
3. 在 models.py 中定义QQ身份（openid）与用户模型类User的关联关系
class OAuthQQUser(models.Model):
"""
QQ登录用户数据
"""
user = models.ForeignKey('users.User', on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='用户')
openid = models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name='openid', db_index=True)
create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name="创建时间")
update_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, verbose_name="更新时间")
class Meta:
db_table = 'tb_oauth_qq'
verbose_name = 'QQ登录用户数据'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name # 单复数同名
4. QQ登录SDK使用
初始化OAuthQQ对象
oauth = OAuthQQ(client_id=settings.QQ_CLIENT_ID, client_secret=settings.QQ_CLIENT_SECRET,
redirect_uri=settings.QQ_REDIRECT_URI, state=next)
获取QQ登录扫码页面，扫码后得到Authorization Code
login_url = oauth.get_qq_url()
通过Authorization Code获取Access Token
access_token = oauth.get_access_token(code)
通过Access Token获取OpenID
openid = oauth.get_open_id(access_token)
实现流程
具体流程
返回QQ登录网址的视图
1.1 在配置文件中添加关于QQ登录的应用开发信息
# QQ登录参数
QQ_CLIENT_ID = 'xxxx' # ID
QQ_CLIENT_SECRET = 'xxxxxxxxxxxx' # 密钥
QQ_REDIRECT_URI = 'http://www.xxxx.xxx/oauth_callback.html' # 回调域1.2 接口设计
请求方式：GET /oauth/qq/statues/?state=xxx
请求参数：查询字符串参数
参数名 类型 是否必须 说明 state str 否 用户QQ登录成功后进入的网址 返回数据：JSON
{"login_url": oauth.get_qq_url()}返回值 类型 是否必须 说明 login_url str 是 qq登录网址
1.3 逻辑实现
class QQAuthURLView(APIView):
"""
提供QQ登录页面网址
"""
def get(self, request):
# state表示从哪个页面进入到的登录页面，将来登录成功后，就自动回到那个页面
state= request.query_params.get('state')
if not state:
state= '/'
# 获取QQ登录页面网址
oauth = OAuthQQ(client_id=settings.QQ_CLIENT_ID, client_secret=settings.QQ_CLIENT_SECRET, redirect_uri=settings.QQ_REDIRECT_URI, state=state)
login_url = oauth.get_qq_url()
return Response({'login_url': login_url})
OAuth认证
准备oauth_callback回调页，用于扫码后接受Authorization Code
通过Authorization Code获取Access Token
通过Access Token获取OpenID
2.1 接口设计
请求方式：GET /oauth/qq/users/?code=xxx
请求参数： 查询字符串参数
参数名 类型 是否必须 说明 code str 是 qq返回的授权凭证code 返回数据
{"access_token": xxxx,}
或
{
"token": "xxx",
"username": "python",
"user_id": 1
}返回值 类型 是否必须 说明 access_token str 否 用户是第一次使用QQ登录时返回，其中包含openid，用于绑定身份使用，注意这个是我们自己生成的 token str 否 用户不是第一次使用QQ登录时返回，登录成功的JWT token username str 否 用户不是第一次使用QQ登录时返回，用户名 user_id int 否 用户不是第一次使用QQ登录时返回，用户id
2.2 逻辑实现
oauth/views.py
class QQAuthUserView(GenericAPIView):
"""用户扫码登录的回调处理"""
# 指定序列化器
serializer_class = serializers.QQAuthUserSerializer
def get(self, request):
# 提取code请求参数
code = request.query_params.get('code')
if not code:
return Response({'message':'缺少code'},
status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
# 创建工具对象
oauth = OAuthQQ(client_id=settings.QQ_CLIENT_ID,
client_secret=settings.QQ_CLIENT_SECRET,
redirect_uri=settings.QQ_REDIRECT_URI)
try:
access_token = oauth.get_access_token(code)
# 3,通过access_token获取openid
openid = oauth.get_open_id(access_token)
# 4,通过openid查询oauthqq对象
try:
oauth_qq_user = OAuthQQUser.objects.get(openid=openid)
except OAuthQQUser.DoesNotExist:
# ①, 没有项目用户, 也没有OAuthQQUser用户
# ②, 有项目用户, 没有OAuthQQUser用户
# 5,qq用户没有和项目用户绑定过,加密openid,并返回
access_token_openid = generate_save_user_openid(openid)
return Response({"access_token": access_token_openid})
except Exception:
return Response({"message": "请求qq服务器异常"},
status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
# 6,oauth_qq_user存在,并且绑定过了美多用户
user = oauth_qq_user.user
# 7,组织数据,拼接token,返回响应
jwt_payload_handler = api_settings.JWT_PAYLOAD_HANDLER
jwt_encode_handler = api_settings.JWT_ENCODE_HANDLER
payload = jwt_payload_handler(user)
token = jwt_encode_handler(payload)
return Response({
"user_id": user.id,
"username": user.username,
"token": token
})在 oauth/utils.py** 中准备序列化 OpenID 的工具方法**
# 对openid加密
def generate_save_user_openid(openid):
#1,创建TJWSSerializer对象
serializer = TJWSSerializer(settings.SECRET_KEY,expires_in=300)
#2,加密数据
token = serializer.dumps({"openid":openid})
#3,返回
return token
OpenID绑定用户
如果用户是首次使用QQ登录，则需要绑定用户
3.1 接口设计
请求方式：POST /oauth/qq/users/
请求参数：JSON 或 表单
参数名 类型 是否必须 说明 mobile str 是 手机号 password str 是 密码 sms_code str 是 短信验证码 access_token str 是 凭据(包含openid) 返回数据：JSON
返回值 类型 是否必须 说明 token str 是 JWT token id int 是 用户id username str 是 用户名
3.2 逻辑实现
oauth/views.py
def post(self, request):
# 1,获取数据
dict_data = request.data
# 2,获取序列化器,校验数据
serializer = self.get_serializer(data=dict_data)
serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
# 3,数据入库
oauth_qq = serializer.save()
# 4,组织,数据返回响应
user = oauth_qq.user
jwt_payload_handler = api_settings.JWT_PAYLOAD_HANDLER
jwt_encode_handler = api_settings.JWT_ENCODE_HANDLER
payload = jwt_payload_handler(user)
token = jwt_encode_handler(payload)
return Response({
"user_id": user.id,
"username": user.username,
"token": token
})新建 oauth/serializers.py 文件
from rest_framework import serializers
from .utils import check_save_user_openid
from django_redis import get_redis_connection
from users.models import User
from .models import OAuthQQUser
class QQAuthUserSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
mobile = serializers.RegexField(label="手机号",regex=r"1[3-9]\d{9}")
password = serializers.CharField(label="密码",min_length=8,max_length=20)
sms_code = serializers.CharField(label="短信",min_length=6,max_length=6)
access_token = serializers.CharField(label="token",min_length=1)
def validate(self, attrs):
"""多字段校验"""
#1,获取加密的openid
access_token = attrs["access_token"]
#2,调用方法解密openid,判断是否存在
openid = check_save_user_openid(access_token)
if not openid:
raise serializers.ValidationError("openid失效")
#3,获取redis中的短信,判断为空,正确性
sms_code = attrs["sms_code"]
mobile = attrs["mobile"]
redis_conn = get_redis_connection("code")
redis_sms_code = redis_conn.get("sms_%s"%mobile)
if not redis_sms_code:
raise serializers.ValidationError("短信验证码过期")
if sms_code != redis_sms_code.decode():
raise serializers.ValidationError("短信验证码错误")
#4,通过手机号查询美多用户是否存在,判断密码正确性
user = None
try:
user = User.objects.get(mobile=mobile)
except User.DoesNotExist:
pass
else:
#5,表示用户存在,判断密码正确性
if not user.check_password(attrs["password"]):
raise serializers.ValidationError("密码错误")
#6,返回校验之后的内容
attrs["openid"] = openid
attrs["user"] = user
return attrs
#重写create方法,创建qq用户
def create(self, validated_data):
"""validated_data,就上面返回的attrs"""
#1,创建qq用户
oauth_qq = OAuthQQUser()
#2,判断用户是否存在,如果存在设置属性,如果不存在直接创建
user = validated_data["user"]
if not user:
user = User.objects.create(
username=validated_data["mobile"],
mobile=validated_data["mobile"],
)
user.set_password(validated_data["password"])
user.save()
#3,设置qq用户属性
oauth_qq.openid = validated_data["openid"]
oauth_qq.user = user
oauth_qq.save()
#4,返回
return oauth_qq在 oauth/utils.py 中准备序列化 OpenID 的工具方法
# 对openid解密
def check_save_user_openid(access_token):
#1,创建serializer对象
serializer = TJWSSerializer(settings.SECRET_KEY,expires_in=300)
#2,解密openid
dict_data = serializer.loads(access_token)
#3,返回
return dict_data.get("openid")
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