高可用-mysql安装,双主模式+keepalived

mysql安装

1.添加用户

groupadd mysql

useradd -r -g mysql mysql

 

2.路径授权

切到mysql目录 cd /usr/local/mysql

修改当前目录拥有者为mysql用户 chown -R mysql:mysql ./

 

3.初始化

安装数据库 bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

（看到有的报这个错bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory解决方法：yum install -y libaio  //安装后在初始化就OK了）

 

4.创建RSA

执行以下命令创建RSA private key  bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

 

5.修改权限

修改当前目录拥有者为mysql用户 chown -R mysql:mysql ./

修改当前data目录拥有者为mysql用户 chown -R mysql:mysql data

6.配置my.cnf

vim /etc/my.cnf    （直接把下面内容复制上就行）

 

[mysqld]

character_set_server=utf8

init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

#不区分大小写 (sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES 这个简单来说就是sql语句是否严格)

lower_case_table_names = 1

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid

 

 

7.开机启动

添加开机启动     cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld

vi /etc/init.d/mysqld  

 加入开机起动    chkconfig --add mysqld  

 

8、启动mysql   service mysqld start 

 

9、登录修改密码 mysql -uroot -p 上面初始化时的密码

如果出现错误 需要添加软连接  ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin

 

10.修改初始化密码

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> set password='suntek@1234';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'suntek@1234';

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

 

 

11.打开防火墙

vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

添加一行

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306-j ACCEPT

service iptables restart

 

 

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二.双主配置

172.16.70.6

172.16.70.7

 

1.配置/etc/my.cnf，配置完后一定要先重启

 

172.16.70.6机器

[mysqld]

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

port=3306

user=mysql

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

lower_case_table_names = 1

 

server-id = 1

log-bin = mysql-bin

binlog_format = mixed

relay_log = relay-bin

auto_increment_increment=2

auto_increment_offset=1

 

 

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid

 

sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

 

172.16.70.7机器

[mysqld]

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

port=3306

user=mysql

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

lower_case_table_names = 1

 

server-id = 2

log-bin = mysql-bin

binlog_format = mixed

relay_log = relay-bin

auto_increment_increment=2

auto_increment_offset=2

 

 

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid

 

sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

黄色背景部分server-id和 auto_increment_offset不能相同，其它必须相同

部分配置项解释如下：

binlog_format= mixed：指定mysql的binlog日志的格式，mixed是混合模式。

relay-log：开启中继日志功能

relay-log-index：中继日志清单

auto-increment-increment= 2：表示自增长字段每次递增的量，其默认值是1。它的值应设为整个结构中服务器的总数，本案例用到两台服务器，所以值设为2。

auto-increment-offset= 2：用来设定数据库中自动增长的起点(即初始值)，因为这两能服务器都设定了一次自动增长值2，所以它们的起点必须得不同，这样才能避免两台服务器数据同步时出现主键冲突。

注：另外还可以在my.cnf配置文件中，添加“binlog_do_db=数据库名”配置项（可以添加多个）来指定要同步的数据库。如果配置了这个配置项，如果没添加在该配置项后面的数据库，则binlog不记录它的事件。

 

2.在msql1(172.16.70.6)创建一个用户给mysql2（172.16.70.7）连接使用的，用户名为suntek,密码为suntek@1234

 

grant replication slave on *.* to 'suntek'@'172.16.70.7' identified by 'suntek@1234';

3.msql1(172.16.70.6)查看binlog信息

 

show master status;

 

 

4.mysql2（172.16.70.7）将mysql1设为自已的主服务器并开启slave功能：

change master to master_host='172.16.70.6',master_user='suntek',master_password='suntek@1234',master_log_file=';

start slave;

 

5.msql2(172.16.70.7)的状态：

 

show slave status \G;

（\G格式化输出）

 

 

mysql1与mysql2反过来2~5步骤

 

6.在msql2(172.16.70.7)创建一个用户给mysql1（172.16.70.6）连接使用的，用户名为suntek,密码为suntek@1234

 

grant replication slave on *.* to 'suntek'@'172.16.70.6' identified by 'suntek@1234';

msql2(172.16.70.7)查看binlog信息

show master status;

 

 

7.mysql1（172.16.70.6）将mysql1设为自已的主服务器并开启slave功能：

change master to master_host='172.16.70.7',master_user='suntek',master_password='suntek@1234',master_log_file=';

start slave;

show slave status;

 

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三、keepalive

vip：172.16.70.200

ip1 : 172.16.70.6、ip2 : 172.16.70.7

 

1.下载keepalive安装包http://www.keepalived.org/download.html

 

2.安装依赖

yum install -y libnl-devel libnl3-devel libnfnetlink-devel openssl-devel

 

3.解压

tar zxvf keepalived-2.0.10.tar.gz

 

4.进入解压后的目录，进行configure

cd keepalived-2.0.10

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

 

5.进行编译安装

make && make install

 

6.拷贝执行文件

cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

 

7.将init.d文件拷贝到etc下,加入开机启动项

cp /usr/local/keepalived-2.0.10/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/keepalived

 

8.将keepalived文件拷贝到etc下，加入网卡配置

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

 

9.将keepalived配置文件拷贝到etc下

mkdir -p /etc/keepalived

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

 

10.添加可执行权限

chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived

 

11.加入开机启动

chkconfig --add keepalived #添加时必须保证/etc/init.d/keepalived存在

chkconfig keepalived on

#添加完可查询系统服务是否存在：

chkconfig --list

 

12.编辑检测脚本msyql.sh，放到/etc/keepalived/mysql.sh，并授权

这个的作用是当检测到mysql停止时，也kill了keepalived进程

#!/bin/sh  

pkill keepalived

 

 

授权

chmod +x /etc/keepalived/mysql.sh

 

 

 

13.编辑/etc/keepalived/keepalived.cof文件

原来两台机器原来网络172.16.70.6和172.16.70.7

 

配置文件

四个地方不同router_id ，priority，nopreempt（prority大的要配置，另一个不用配置），real_server

172.16.70.6的/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

 

 

! Configuration File for keepalived

 

global_defs {

  router_id mysql70-6

}

 

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

   state BACKUP

   interface eth0

   virtual_router_id 51

   priority 100

   advert_int 1

   nopreempt

   authentication {

       auth_type PASS

       auth_pass 1111

   }

   virtual_ipaddress {

       172.16.70.199

   }

}

 

virtual_server 172.16.70.199 3306 {

   delay_loop 2

   lb_algo rr

   lb_kind DR

   persistence_timeout 60

   protocol TCP

   

   real_server 172.16.70.6 3306 {

       weight 3

       notify_down    /etc/keepalived/mysql.sh

       TCP_CHECK {

            connect_timeout 3

            nb_get_retry 3

            delay_before_retry 3

            connect_port 3306

       }

   }

}

 

172.16.70.7的/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

 

! Configuration File for keepalived

 

global_defs {

  router_id mysql70-7

}

 

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

   state BACKUP

   interface eth0

   virtual_router_id 51

   priority 50

   advert_int 1

   authentication {

       auth_type PASS

       auth_pass 1111

   }

 

   virtual_ipaddress {

       172.16.70.199

   }

}

 

virtual_server 172.16.70.199 3306 {

   delay_loop 2

   lb_algo rr

   lb_kind DR

   persistence_timeout 60

   protocol TCP

 

   real_server 172.16.70.7 3306 {

       weight 3

       notify_down    /etc/keepalived/mysql.sh

       TCP_CHECK {

            connect_timeout 3

            nb_get_retry 3

            delay_before_retry 3

            connect_port 3306

       }

   }

}

 

 

14.启动、停止、重启keepalived服务

service keepalived start

service keepalived stop

service keepalived restart

 

15.查看服务

ps -ef |grep keepalived

16.查看网络结构

ip addr

 

17.别的机器ping 一下虚拟IP172.16.70.199

 

18.停止172.16.70.6机器数据库mysql测试