HttpMessageConvert

1. 我们先来看看框架会自动注册哪些httpmessageconvert? 在哪个地方开始注册的？

在对mvc:annotation-driven解析的AnnotationDrivenBeanDefinitionParser中，有这么一个方法：

ManagedList<?> messageConverters = getMessageConverters(element, source, parserContext);

获取所有的HttpMessageConverter，最终设置到RequestMappingHandlerAdapter的private List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters属性上。看下具体的获取过程：

private ManagedList<?> getMessageConverters(Element element, Object source, ParserContext parserContext) {
        Element convertersElement = DomUtils.getChildElementByTagName(element, "message-converters");
        ManagedList<? super Object> messageConverters = new ManagedList<Object>();
        if (convertersElement != null) {
            messageConverters.setSource(source);
            for (Element beanElement : DomUtils.getChildElementsByTagName(convertersElement, "bean", "ref")) {
                Object object = parserContext.getDelegate().parsePropertySubElement(beanElement, null);
                messageConverters.add(object);
            }
        }

        if (convertersElement == null || Boolean.valueOf(convertersElement.getAttribute("register-defaults"))) {
            messageConverters.setSource(source);
            messageConverters.add(createConverterDefinition(ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter.class, source));

            RootBeanDefinition stringConverterDef = createConverterDefinition(StringHttpMessageConverter.class, source);
            stringConverterDef.getPropertyValues().add("writeAcceptCharset", false);
            messageConverters.add(stringConverterDef);

            messageConverters.add(createConverterDefinition(ResourceHttpMessageConverter.class, source));
            messageConverters.add(createConverterDefinition(SourceHttpMessageConverter.class, source));
            messageConverters.add(createConverterDefinition(AllEncompassingFormHttpMessageConverter.class, source));

            if (romePresent) {
                messageConverters.add(createConverterDefinition(AtomFeedHttpMessageConverter.class, source));
                messageConverters.add(createConverterDefinition(RssChannelHttpMessageConverter.class, source));
            }

            if (jackson2XmlPresent) {
                RootBeanDefinition jacksonConverterDef = createConverterDefinition(MappingJackson2XmlHttpMessageConverter.class, source);
                GenericBeanDefinition jacksonFactoryDef = createObjectMapperFactoryDefinition(source);
                jacksonFactoryDef.getPropertyValues().add("createXmlMapper", true);
                jacksonConverterDef.getConstructorArgumentValues().addIndexedArgumentValue(0, jacksonFactoryDef);
                messageConverters.add(jacksonConverterDef);
            }
            else if (jaxb2Present) {
                messageConverters.add(createConverterDefinition(Jaxb2RootElementHttpMessageConverter.class, source));
            }

            if (jackson2Present) {
                RootBeanDefinition jacksonConverterDef = createConverterDefinition(MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter.class, source);
                GenericBeanDefinition jacksonFactoryDef = createObjectMapperFactoryDefinition(source);
                jacksonConverterDef.getConstructorArgumentValues().addIndexedArgumentValue(0, jacksonFactoryDef);
                messageConverters.add(jacksonConverterDef);
            }
            else if (gsonPresent) {
                messageConverters.add(createConverterDefinition(GsonHttpMessageConverter.class, source));
            }
        }
        return messageConverters;
    }

该过程第一步： 
    解析并获取我们自定义的HttpMessageConverter，

并在xml中配置

<mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="false">
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
                <constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
            </bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>  

该过程第二步：

< mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">有一个register-defaults属性，当为true时，仍然注册默认的HttpMessageConverter，当为false则不注册，仅仅使用用户自定义的HttpMessageConverter。

获取完毕，便会将这些HttpMessageConverter设置进RequestMappingHandlerAdapter的messageConverters属性中。

2. HttpMessageConvert的使用

举个例子：

@RequestMapping(value="/string", method=RequestMethod.POST)
public @ResponseBody String readString(@RequestBody String string) {
    return "Read string '" + string + "'";
}

在SpringMVC进入readString方法前，会根据@RequestBody注解选择适当的HttpMessageConverter实现类来将请求参数解析到string变量中，具体来说是使用了StringHttpMessageConverter类，它的canRead()方法返回true，然后它的read()方法会从请求中读出请求参数，绑定到readString()方法的string变量中。

当SpringMVC执行readString方法后，由于返回值标识了@ResponseBody，SpringMVC将使用StringHttpMessageConverter的write()方法，将结果作为String值写入响应报文，当然，此时canWrite()方法返回true。