c# WebApi创建及客户端调用

前段时间学习WebApi的创建与调用，网上的信息千奇百怪（知识有限，看不懂啊），通过查阅资料及借鉴博友实例分析后总结一下，总结一套简单完整的WebApi创建及实例

首先创建一个WebApi服务（流程就不写了，网上的介绍多的像牛虱一样），但是该配置的要配置好哦

1.服务端

首先创建一个Control类，我这里命名为UserInfoController，逻辑代码可以在里面放飞吧。

下面举例说明

我们自定义一个路由方法（url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}"这个定义了我们url的规则，{controller}/{action}定义了路由的必须参数，{id}是可选参数）

 public class RouteConfig
     {
         public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
         {
             routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");

             routes.MapRoute(
                 name: "",
                 url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",
                 defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
             );
         }
     }

这里我在WebApi方法里创建了两种Method   (POST ,GET)

  public class UserInfoController : ApiController
     {

         /// <summary>
         /// //如果是GET方式时，调用的接口就是 http://localhost:61668/ActionApi/UserInfo/GetString
         /// </summary>
         /// <returns></returns>
         [HttpPost]
         public string GetString([FromBody]student info)
         {
             return "Name:" + info.name   +"year:"+info.year;
         }

         [HttpGet]
         /// <summary>
         /// 如果是GET方式时，调用的接口就是 http://localhost:61668/ActionApi/UserInfo/User?UserName=张三
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="UserName"></param>
         /// <returns></returns>
         //[HttpPost]

         public List<string> User(string UserName)
         {
             List<string> s = new List<string>();
             s.Add(UserName + "");
             s.Add(UserName + "");
             s.Add(UserName + "");
             return s;

         }
     }

2.客户端调用
2.1 WebRequest方式调用

   public static string WebRequest_post(string url, string body)
         {
             //定义request并设置request的路径
             WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(url);
             request.Method = "post";
             //初始化request参数
             //设置参数的编码格式，解决中文乱码
             byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(body);
             //设置request的MIME类型及内容长度
             request.ContentType = "application/json; charset=UTF-8";
             request.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
             //打开request字符流
             Stream dataStream = request.GetRequestStream();
             dataStream.Write(byteArray, , byteArray.Length);
             dataStream.Close();
             //定义response为前面的request响应
             WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
             //定义response字符流
             dataStream = response.GetResponseStream();
             StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(dataStream);
              return  reader.ReadToEnd();//读取所有
         }

         public static string WebRequest_Get(string UNIT_NO)
         {

             Encoding encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
             string url = "http://localhost:61668/ActionApi/UserInfo/User?UserName={0}";
             url = string.Format(url, UNIT_NO);
             HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
             request.Method = "GET";
             request.Accept = "text/html, application/xhtml+xml, */*";
             request.ContentType = "application/json";
             HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
             using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8))
             {
                 return reader.ReadToEnd();
             }
         }

2.2 Htpclient

  public  static async void  httpclient_post()
         {
             string url = "http://localhost:61668/ActionApi/UserInfo/GetString/";
             //设置HttpClientHandler的AutomaticDecompression
             var handler = new HttpClientHandler() { AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip };
             //创建HttpClient（注意传入HttpClientHandler）
             using (var http = new HttpClient(handler))
             {
                 //使用FormUrlEncodedContent做HttpContent
                 var content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(new Dictionary<string, string>()
                 {    {"name",""},
                      {"year",""},

                  });
                 //await异步等待回应
                 var response = await http.PostAsync(url, content);
                 //确保HTTP成功状态值
                 response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
                 //await异步读取最后的JSON（注意此时gzip已经被自动解压缩了，因为上面的AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip）
                 string s= await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

             }
         }

         public static async void httpclient_Get(string url,string UNIT_NO)
         {
             url = string.Format(url, UNIT_NO);
             //设置HttpClientHandler的AutomaticDecompression
             var handler = new HttpClientHandler() { AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip };
             //创建HttpClient（注意传入HttpClientHandler）
             using (var http = new HttpClient(handler))
             {
                 //使用FormUrlEncodedContent做HttpContent
                 //await异步等待回应
                 var response = await http.GetAsync(url);
                 //确保HTTP成功状态值
                 response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
                 //await异步读取最后的JSON（注意此时gzip已经被自动解压缩了，因为上面的AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip）
                 string s = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
             }
         }

3.函数调用

MessageBox.Show(API.WebRequest_Get("张三"));
             MessageBox.Show(API.WebRequest_post("http://localhost:61668/ActionApi/UserInfo/GetString/", "{name:\"张三\",year:\"25\"}"));
            API.httpclient_post();

API.httpclient_Get();
            这几种方式亲测可用