使用matplotlib绘制常用图表(3)-其他图表绘制

一、绘制三点图

 """
 三月份最高气温
 a =
 [12,15,18,6,7,5,6,8,9,10,15,10,4,5,11,10,5,6,12,15,10,5,14,10,10,12,16,5,3,5,5,5,6]
 """

 from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
 from matplotlib import font_manager

 y = [12,15,18,6,7,5,6,8,9,10,15,10,4,5,11,10,5,6,12,15,10,5,14,10,10,12,16,5,3,5,6]

 x = range(1,32)

 #设置图像大小
 plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi = 80)

 plt.scatter(x,y,label='3月份')

 #定义字体
 my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname='C:\Windows\Fonts\FZSTK.TTF')
 #x轴刻度列表
 xticks_label = ['3月{}日'.format(i) for i in x]

 #将设置的格式写入x轴
 plt.xticks(x[::3],xticks_label[::3],fontproperties = my_font,rotation = 45)

 #设置x轴y轴标题
 plt.xlabel('日期',fontproperties = my_font)
 plt.ylabel('温度',fontproperties = my_font)

 #图例
 plt.legend(prop=my_font)
 plt.show()

二、绘制柱形图

 '''
 a = ['流浪地球','疯狂的外星人','飞驰人生','大黄蜂','熊出没·原始时代','新喜剧之王']
 b = ['38.13','19.85','14.89','11.36','6.47','5.93']

 '''
 from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
 from matplotlib import font_manager

 a = ['流浪地球','疯狂的外星人','飞驰人生','大黄蜂','熊出没·原始时代','新喜剧之王']
 b = ['38.13','19.85','14.89','11.36','6.47','5.93']

 my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname='C:\Windows\Fonts\FZSTK.TTF',size = 22)

 plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi = 80)

 rects = plt.bar(range(len(a)),[float(i) for i in b],0.3,color = 'red')

 plt.xticks(range(len(a)),a,fontproperties = my_font)

 #增加标注
 for rect in rects:
     height = rect.get_height()
     plt.text(rect.get_x() + rect.get_width()/2,height+0.3,str(height),ha='center')

 plt.show()

三、横向柱状图

 #横向柱状图
 from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
 from matplotlib import font_manager

 my_font= font_manager.FontProperties(fname='C:\Windows\Fonts\FZSTK.TTF',size = 18)

 a = ['流浪地球','疯狂的外星人','飞驰人生','大黄蜂','熊出没·原始时代','新喜剧之王']
 b = ['38.13','19.85','14.89','11.36','6.47','5.93']

 plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi = 80)

 rects = plt.barh(range(len(a)),[float(i) for i in b],height = 0.5, color = 'red')

 plt.yticks(range(len(a)),a,fontproperties = my_font)

 for rect in rects:
     width = rect.get_width()
     plt.text(width,rect.get_y()+0.5/2,str(width),va = 'center')
 plt.show()

四、并列和罗列柱状图

 from matplotlib import pyplot
 from matplotlib import font_manager
 import numpy as np
 index = np.arange(4)
 BJ = [50,55,53,60]
 SH = [44,66,55,41]

 #并列
 plt.bar(index,BJ,width=0.3)
 #plt.bar(index+0.3,SH,width=0.3,color = 'green')
 #plt.xticks(index+0.3/2,index)

 #罗列
 plt.bar(index,SH,bottom = BJ,width = 0.3,color='green')
 plt.show()