Swift 与 Kotlin 的简单对比
一位国外的程序员认为 Swift 的语法与 Kotlin 相似,并整理了一些 Swift 和 Kotlin 的对比,下面是一些例子,大家不妨也看看。
BASICS
Hello World
Swift
print("Hello, world!")
Kotlin
println("Hello, world!")
变量和常量
Swift
var myVariable = 42
myVariable = 50
let myConstant = 42
Kotlin
var myVariable = 42
myVariable = 50
val myConstant = 42
显式类型
Swift
let explicitDouble: Double = 70
Kotlin
val explicitDouble: Double = 70.0
强制类型转换
Swift
let label = "The width is "
let width = 94
let widthLabel = label + String(width)
Kotlin
val label = "The width is "
val width = 94
val widthLabel = label + width
字符串插值
Swift
let apples = 3
let oranges = 5
let fruitSummary = "I have \(apples + oranges) " +
"pieces of fruit."
Kotlin
val apples = 3
val oranges = 5
val fruitSummary = "I have ${apples + oranges} " +
"pieces of fruit."
范围操作符
Swift
let names = ["Anna", "Alex", "Brian", "Jack"]
let count = names.count
for i in 0..<count {
print("Person \(i + 1) is called \(names[i])")
}
// Person 1 is called Anna
// Person 2 is called Alex
// Person 3 is called Brian
// Person 4 is called Jack
Kotlin
val names = arrayOf("Anna", "Alex", "Brian", "Jack")
val count = names.count()
for (i in 0..count - 1) {
println("Person ${i + 1} is called ${names[i]}")
}
// Person 1 is called Anna
// Person 2 is called Alex
// Person 3 is called Brian
// Person 4 is called Jack
包罗广泛的范围操作符(Inclusive Range Operator)
Swift
for index in 1...5 {
print("\(index) times 5 is \(index * 5)")
}
// 1 times 5 is 5
// 2 times 5 is 10
// 3 times 5 is 15
// 4 times 5 is 20
// 5 times 5 is 25
Kotlin
for (index in 1..5) {
println("$index times 5 is ${index * 5}")
}
// 1 times 5 is 5
// 2 times 5 is 10
// 3 times 5 is 15
// 4 times 5 is 20
// 5 times 5 is 25
BASICS
数组
Swift
var shoppingList = ["catfish", "water",
"tulips", "blue paint"]
shoppingList[1] = "bottle of water"
Kotlin
val shoppingList = arrayOf("catfish", "water",
"tulips", "blue paint")
shoppingList[1] = "bottle of water"
映射
Swift
var occupations = [
"Malcolm": "Captain",
"Kaylee": "Mechanic",
]
occupations["Jayne"] = "Public Relations"
Kotlin
val occupations = mutableMapOf(
"Malcolm" to "Captain",
"Kaylee" to "Mechanic"
)
occupations["Jayne"] = "Public Relations"
空集合
Swift
let emptyArray = [String]()
let emptyDictionary = [String: Float]()
Kotlin
val emptyArray = arrayOf<String>()
val emptyMap = mapOf<String, Float>()
FUNCTIONS
函数
Swift
func greet(_ name: String,_ day: String) -> String {
return "Hello \(name), today is \(day)."
}
greet("Bob", "Tuesday")
Kotlin
fun greet(name: String, day: String): String {
return "Hello $name, today is $day."
}
greet("Bob", "Tuesday")
元组返回
Swift
func getGasPrices() -> (Double, Double, Double) {
return (3.59, 3.69, 3.79)
}
Kotlin
data class GasPrices(val a: Double, val b: Double,
val c: Double)
fun getGasPrices() = GasPrices(3.59, 3.69, 3.79)
参数的变量数目(Variable Number Of Arguments)
Swift
func sumOf(_ numbers: Int...) -> Int {
var sum = 0
for number in numbers {
sum += number
}
return sum
}
sumOf(42, 597, 12)
Kotlin
fun sumOf(vararg numbers: Int): Int {
var sum = 0
for (number in numbers) {
sum += number
}
return sum
}
sumOf(42, 597, 12) // sumOf() can also be written in a shorter way:
fun sumOf(vararg numbers: Int) = numbers.sum()
函数类型
Swift
func makeIncrementer() -> (Int -> Int) {
func addOne(number: Int) -> Int {
return 1 + number
}
return addOne
}
let increment = makeIncrementer()
increment(7)
Kotlin
fun makeIncrementer(): (Int) -> Int {
val addOne = fun(number: Int): Int {
return 1 + number
}
return addOne
}
val increment = makeIncrementer()
increment(7) // makeIncrementer can also be written in a shorter way:
fun makeIncrementer() = fun(number: Int) = 1 + number
映射
Swift
let numbers = [20, 19, 7, 12]
numbers.map { 3 * $0 }
Kotlin
val numbers = listOf(20, 19, 7, 12)
numbers.map { 3 * it }
排序
Swift
var mutableArray = [1, 5, 3, 12, 2]
mutableArray.sort()
Kotlin
listOf(1, 5, 3, 12, 2).sorted()
命名参数
Swift
func area(width: Int, height: Int) -> Int {
return width * height
}
area(width: 2, height: 3)
Kotlin
fun area(width: Int, height: Int) = width * height
area(width = 2, height = 3) // This is also possible with named arguments
area(2, height = 2)
area(height = 3, width = 2)
CLASSES
声明
Swift
class Shape {
var numberOfSides = 0
func simpleDescription() -> String {
return "A shape with \(numberOfSides) sides."
}
}
Kotlin
class Shape {
var numberOfSides = 0
fun simpleDescription() =
"A shape with $numberOfSides sides."
}
用法
Swift
var shape = Shape()
shape.numberOfSides = 7
var shapeDescription = shape.simpleDescription()
Kotlin
var shape = Shape()
shape.numberOfSides = 7
var shapeDescription = shape.simpleDescription()
子类
Swift
class NamedShape {
var numberOfSides: Int = 0
let name: String init(name: String) {
self.name = name
} func simpleDescription() -> String {
return "A shape with \(numberOfSides) sides."
}
} class Square: NamedShape {
var sideLength: Double init(sideLength: Double, name: String) {
self.sideLength = sideLength
super.init(name: name)
self.numberOfSides = 4
} func area() -> Double {
return sideLength * sideLength
} override func simpleDescription() -> String {
return "A square with sides of length " +
sideLength + "."
}
} let test = Square(sideLength: 5.2, name: "square")
test.area()
test.simpleDescription()
Kotlin
open class NamedShape(val name: String) {
var numberOfSides = 0 open fun simpleDescription() =
"A shape with $numberOfSides sides."
} class Square(var sideLength: BigDecimal, name: String) :
NamedShape(name) {
init {
numberOfSides = 4
} fun area() = sideLength.pow(2) override fun simpleDescription() =
"A square with sides of length $sideLength."
} val test = Square(BigDecimal("5.2"), "square")
test.area()
test.simpleDescription()
类型检查
Swift
var movieCount = 0
var songCount = 0 for item in library {
if item is Movie {
movieCount += 1
} else if item is Song {
songCount += 1
}
}
Kotlin
var movieCount = 0
var songCount = 0 for (item in library) {
if (item is Movie) {
++movieCount
} else if (item is Song) {
++songCount
}
}
模式匹配
Swift
let nb = 42
switch nb {
case 0...7, 8, 9: print("single digit")
case 10: print("double digits")
case 11...99: print("double digits")
case 100...999: print("triple digits")
default: print("four or more digits")
}
Kotlin
val nb = 42
when (nb) {
in 0..7, 8, 9 -> println("single digit")
10 -> println("double digits")
in 11..99 -> println("double digits")
in 100..999 -> println("triple digits")
else -> println("four or more digits")
}
类型向下转换
Swift
for current in someObjects {
if let movie = current as? Movie {
print("Movie: '\(movie.name)', " +
"dir. \(movie.director)")
}
}
Kotlin
for (current in someObjects) {
if (current is Movie) {
println("Movie: '${current.name}', " +
"dir. ${current.director}")
}
}
协议
Swift
protocol Nameable {
func name() -> String
} func f<T: Nameable>(x: T) {
print("Name is " + x.name())
}
Kotlin
interface Nameable {
fun name(): String
} fun f<T: Nameable>(x: T) {
println("Name is " + x.name())
}
扩展
Swift
extension Double {
var km: Double { return self * 1_000.0 }
var m: Double { return self }
var cm: Double { return self / 100.0 }
var mm: Double { return self / 1_000.0 }
var ft: Double { return self / 3.28084 }
}
let oneInch = 25.4.mm
print("One inch is \(oneInch) meters")
// prints "One inch is 0.0254 meters"
let threeFeet = 3.ft
print("Three feet is \(threeFeet) meters")
// prints "Three feet is 0.914399970739201 meters"
Kotlin
val Double.km: Double get() = this * 1000
val Double.m: Double get() = this
val Double.cm: Double get() = this / 100
val Double.mm: Double get() = this / 1000
val Double.ft: Double get() = this / 3.28084 val oneInch = 25.4.mm
println("One inch is $oneInch meters")
// prints "One inch is 0.0254 meters"
val threeFeet = 3.0.ft
println("Three feet is $threeFeet meters")
// prints "Three feet is 0.914399970739201 meters" 原文地址:https://www.oschina.net/news/85013/swift-is-like-kotlin?from=groupmessage&isappinstalled=1
Swift 与 Kotlin 的简单对比的更多相关文章
- [Android开发学iOS系列] 语言篇: Swift vs Kotlin
Swift vs Kotlin 这篇文章是想着帮助Android开发快速学习Swift编程语言用的. (因为这个文章的作者立场就是这样.) 我不想写一个非常长, 非常详尽的文章, 只是想写一个快速的版 ...
- MongoDB中insert方法、update方法、save方法简单对比
MongoDB中insert方法.update方法.save方法简单对比 1.update方法 该方法用于更新数据,是对文档中的数据进行更新,改变则更新,没改变则不变. 2.insert方法 该方法用 ...
- .NET轻量级MVC框架:Nancy入门教程(二)——Nancy和MVC的简单对比
在上一篇的.NET轻量级MVC框架:Nancy入门教程(一)——初识Nancy中,简单介绍了Nancy,并写了一个Hello,world.看到大家的评论,都在问Nancy的优势在哪里?和微软的MVC比 ...
- HTTPS, SPDY和 HTTP/2性能的简单对比
中文原文:HTTPS, SPDY和 HTTP/2性能的简单对比 整理自:A Simple Performance Comparison of HTTPS, SPDY and HTTP/2 请尊重版权, ...
- Swift学习--闭包的简单使用(三)
一.Swift中闭包的简单使用 override func viewDidLoad() { super.viewDidLoad() /** 闭包和OC中的Block非常相似 OC中的block类似于匿 ...
- 【转贴】Cortex系列M0-4简单对比
转载网址:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_7dbd9c0e01018e4l.html 最近搞了块ST的Cortex-M4处理器,然后下了本文档.分享一下. 针对目前进入大 ...
- 简单对比Spark和Storm
2013年参与开发了一个类似storm的自研系统, 2014年使用过spark 4个多月,对这两个系统都有一些了解. 下面是我关于这两个系统的简单对比: Spark: 1. 基于数据并行,https: ...
- Nancy和MVC的简单对比
Nancy和MVC的简单对比 在上一篇的.NET轻量级MVC框架:Nancy入门教程(一)——初识Nancy中,简单介绍了Nancy,并写了一个Hello,world.看到大家的评论,都在问Nancy ...
- [评测]低配环境下,PostgresQL和Mysql读写性能简单对比(欢迎大家提出Mysql优化意见)
[评测]低配环境下,PostgresQL和Mysql读写性能简单对比 原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/blog5277/p/10658426.html 原文作者:博客园--曲 ...
随机推荐
- Jenkins .NET项目持续集成配置
基本步骤 1. 安装并配置MSBUILD 在系统管理->插件管理->添加MSBuild插件 在系统管理->系统设置->找到MSBuild配置部分,配置不同的MSbuild版本 ...
- Can't find bundle for base name messages.AndroidJpsBundle, locale zh_CN
从http://www.android-studio.org/网站上下载了一个Android Studio 3.0的非安装版本(android-studio-ide-171.4408382-wind ...
- 数据字典Dictionary存放键值对
1. 方法思路: 使用数据字典[Dictionary<string, string>],声明一个list集合,将“XML子节点名称”.“节点值”以键[节点名称]值[节点值]对的形式 ...
- [Windows Server 2008] IIS配置伪静态方法(Web.config模式的IIS rewrite)
★ 欢迎来到[护卫神·V课堂],网站地址:http://v.huweishen.com★ 护卫神·V课堂 是护卫神旗下专业提供服务器教学视频的网站,每周更新视频.★ 本节我们将带领大家:安装伪静态(w ...
- KMS
slmgr -ipk 73KQT-CD9G6-K7TQG-66MRP-CQ22C
- win7电脑桌面壁纸曝光过高影响图标怎么办?亲测实用解决方法
现在用win7系统的人应该还是挺多的吧,虽然说windows家族已经升级到现在的win11了,相信大多数人家用的电脑系统还是win7吧,今天要讲的是一个壁纸曝光度过高的解决办法,虽然还不清楚为什么,但 ...
- python3.x 判断当前版本【简单版】
import sys,string Major_Version_Number = 0 #当前python的主版本 Minor_Version_Number = 0 #当前python的次版本 def ...
- 迅为八核cortex a53开发板android/linux/Ubuntu系统
详情请点击了解:http://www.topeetobard.com 店铺:https://arm-board.taobao.com 核心板: 提供1G和2G内存版本,全机器焊接,杜绝手工,批量无忧. ...
- Flask框架 之上下文、请求钩子与Flask_Script
一.上下文 请求上下文:request与session 应用上下文:current_app与g:一次请求多个函数可以用它传参 @app.route("/") def index() ...
- SpringMVC+ajax返回JSON串
一.引言 本文使用springMVC和ajax做的一个小小的demo,实现将JSON对象返回到页面,没有什么技术含量,纯粹是因为最近项目中引入了springMVC框架. 二.入门例子 ①. 建立工程, ...