批量插入数据利器之SqlBulkCopy

工作中要频繁的处理一些数据导入，又不想手工去做，因此用了神器SqlBulkCopy。在MSDN查看了此类的帮助文档几经波折终于搞定，记录下来方便以后查阅。

MSDN实例：

 using System.Data.SqlClient;

 class Program
 {
     static void Main()
     {
         string connectionString = GetConnectionString();
         // Open a sourceConnection to the AdventureWorks database.
         using (SqlConnection sourceConnection =
                    new SqlConnection(connectionString))
         {
             sourceConnection.Open();

             // Perform an initial count on the destination table.
             SqlCommand commandRowCount = new SqlCommand(
                 "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM " +
                 "dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns;",
                 sourceConnection);
             long countStart = System.Convert.ToInt32(
                 commandRowCount.ExecuteScalar());
             Console.WriteLine("Starting row count = {0}", countStart);

             // Get data from the source table as a SqlDataReader.
             SqlCommand commandSourceData = new SqlCommand(
                 "SELECT ProductID, Name, " +
                 "ProductNumber " +
                 "FROM Production.Product;", sourceConnection);
             SqlDataReader reader =
                 commandSourceData.ExecuteReader();

             // Open the destination connection. In the real world you would
             // not use SqlBulkCopy to move data from one table to the other
             // in the same database. This is for demonstration purposes only.
             using (SqlConnection destinationConnection =
                        new SqlConnection(connectionString))
             {
                 destinationConnection.Open();

                 // Set up the bulk copy object.
                 // Note that the column positions in the source
                 // data reader match the column positions in
                 // the destination table so there is no need to
                 // map columns.
                 using (SqlBulkCopy bulkCopy =
                            new SqlBulkCopy(destinationConnection))
                 {
                     bulkCopy.DestinationTableName =
                         "dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns";

                     try
                     {
                         // Write from the source to the destination.
                         bulkCopy.WriteToServer(reader);
                     }
                     catch (Exception ex)
                     {
                         Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                     }
                     finally
                     {
                         // Close the SqlDataReader. The SqlBulkCopy
                         // object is automatically closed at the end
                         // of the using block.
                         reader.Close();
                     }
                 }

                 // Perform a final count on the destination
                 // table to see how many rows were added.
                 long countEnd = System.Convert.ToInt32(
                     commandRowCount.ExecuteScalar());
                 Console.WriteLine("Ending row count = {0}", countEnd);
                 Console.WriteLine("{0} rows were added.", countEnd - countStart);
                 Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to finish.");
                 Console.ReadLine();
             }
         }
     }

     private static string GetConnectionString()
         // To avoid storing the sourceConnection string in your code,
         // you can retrieve it from a configuration file.
     {
         return "Data Source=(local); " +
             " Integrated Security=true;" +
             "Initial Catalog=AdventureWorks;";
     }
 }

MSDN 地址：https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/system.data.sqlclient.sqlbulkcopy(v=vs.110).aspx

自己的测试代码：

 /// <summary>
         /// 将DataTable表数据插入数据库目标表
         /// DataTable Name 和数据库目标表名称一致,DataTable列名为目标数据库目标表字段
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="dt">数据源</param>
         /// <param name="dbFlag">数据库标识</param>
         /// <returns></returns>
         public static bool MassInsert(DataTable dt, string dbFlag)
         {
             if (dt == null || dt.Rows.Count == )
             {
                 Logger.Write("DataTable为空或无填充行", "大数据操作", "");
                 return false;
             }
             if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(dt.TableName))
             {
                 Logger.Write("DataTableName为空无法确定目标数据库表", "大数据操作", "");
                 return false;
             }
             SqlConnection con = HelpGetSqlCon(dbFlag);//动态获取SqlConnection对象
             DateTime time = DateTime.Now;
             SqlTransaction tra = con.BeginTransaction();//事务
             SqlBulkCopy sqlBC = new SqlBulkCopy(con, SqlBulkCopyOptions.Default, tra);
             try
             {
                 sqlBC.DestinationTableName = dt.TableName;
                 //一次批量的插入的数据量
                 sqlBC.BatchSize = dt.Rows.Count;
                 sqlBC.WriteToServer(dt);
                 Logger.Write("【MassInsert】[" + dt.Rows.Count + "]条数据共耗时[" + (DateTime.Now - time).TotalSeconds.ToString() + "]秒", "", ""); //记录日志
                 tra.Commit();
                 return true;
             }
             catch (Exception ex)
             {
                 tra.Rollback();
                 Logger.WriteException("MassInsert异常", "", ex, "");
                 return false;
             }
             finally
             {
                 dt.Clear();
                 dt.Dispose();
                 sqlBC.Close();
                 con.Dispose();
                 con.Close();
             }
         }

以上代码可以插入主键，如果主键重复则事务回滚

正常测试结果：

【2015-04-29 12:49:44】
【MassInsert】[182689]条数据共耗时[3.4911996]秒

主键重复测试结果：

【2015-04-29 12:41:16】

Message:MassInsert异常

Ex.Message:违反了 PRIMARY KEY 约束“PK_AUTHCODES”。不能在对象“dbo.AuthCodes”中插入重复键。重复键值为 (1)。
语句已终止。

Ex.StackTrace: 在 System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection, Action`1 wrapCloseInAction)
在 System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection, Action`1 wrapCloseInAction)
在 System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.ThrowExceptionAndWarning(TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean callerHasConnectionLock, Boolean asyncClose)
在 System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.TryRun(RunBehavior runBehavior, SqlCommand cmdHandler, SqlDataReader dataStream, BulkCopySimpleResultSet bulkCopyHandler, TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean& dataReady)
在 System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.Run(RunBehavior runBehavior, SqlCommand cmdHandler, SqlDataReader dataStream, BulkCopySimpleResultSet bulkCopyHandler, TdsParserStateObject stateObj)
在 System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy.RunParser(BulkCopySimpleResultSet bulkCopyHandler)
在 System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy.CopyBatchesAsyncContinuedOnSuccess(BulkCopySimpleResultSet internalResults, String updateBulkCommandText, CancellationToken cts, TaskCompletionSource`1 source)
在 System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy.CopyBatchesAsyncContinued(BulkCopySimpleResultSet internalResults, String updateBulkCommandText, CancellationToken cts, TaskCompletionSource`1 source)
在 System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy.CopyBatchesAsync(BulkCopySimpleResultSet internalResults, String updateBulkCommandText, CancellationToken cts, TaskCompletionSource`1 source)
在 System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy.WriteToServerInternalRestContinuedAsync(BulkCopySimpleResultSet internalResults, CancellationToken cts, TaskCompletionSource`1 source)
在 System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy.WriteToServerInternalRestAsync(CancellationToken cts, TaskCompletionSource`1 source)
在 System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy.WriteToServerInternalAsync(CancellationToken ctoken)
在 System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy.WriteRowSourceToServerAsync(Int32 columnCount, CancellationToken ctoken)
在 System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy.WriteToServer(DataTable table, DataRowState rowState)
在 System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy.WriteToServer(DataTable table)