[整理归档]30 common tasks you perform using the GUI that you can do faster in Windows PowerShell

主要内容来自于

http://channel9.msdn.com/Events/TechEd/Australia/2014/DCI316

可以下载PPT以及视频，个人只是整理一下平时常用的

NetWork部分

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> Get-NetIPConfiguration

InterfaceAlias       : vEthernet (LAN)
InterfaceIndex       : 16
InterfaceDescription : Hyper-V Virtual Ethernet Adapter
NetProfile.Name      : softland.com.cn
IPv4Address          : 192.168.183.147
IPv6DefaultGateway   :
IPv4DefaultGateway   : 192.168.183.254
DNSServer            : 192.168.181.51
                       192.168.181.52

InterfaceAlias       : Bluetooth Network Connection
InterfaceIndex       : 7
InterfaceDescription : Bluetooth 设备(个人区域网)
NetAdapter.Status    : Disconnected

InterfaceAlias       : Wi-Fi
InterfaceIndex       : 5
InterfaceDescription : Marvell AVASTAR 350N Wireless Network Controller
NetAdapter.Status    : Disconnected

感觉ipconfig /all 差不多

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> Get-NetAdapter

Name                      InterfaceDescription                    ifIndex Status       MacAddress             LinkSpeed
----                      --------------------                    ------- ------       ----------             ---------
vEthernet (LAN)           Hyper-V Virtual Ethernet Adapter             16 Up           00-E0-4C-68-00-1C       100 Mbps
Wi-Fi                     Marvell AVASTAR 350N Wireless Networ...       5 Disconnected 28-18-78-CF-E4-D7          0 bps
Bluetooth Network Conn... Bluetooth 设备(个人区域网)                    7 Disconnected 28-18-78-CF-E4-D8         3 Mbps
Ethernet 4                Realtek USB GBE Family Controller            15 Up           00-E0-4C-68-00-1C       100 Mbps

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> Get-NetAdapterStatistics

Name                             ReceivedBytes ReceivedUnicastPackets       SentBytes SentUnicastPackets
----                             ------------- ----------------------       --------- ------------------
vEthernet (LAN)                     2694328766                2430880       341456818            1424812
Wi-Fi                                        0                      0               0                  0
Bluetooth Network Connection                 0                      0               0                  0
Ethernet 4                          1224490613                  47315       200354232             296054

显然配置IP等等信息以前都要爬到GUI里去处理，对于大量的需要远程的以及对面是小白用户对于管理员简直是灾难。显然可以使用以下的命令来直接设置（下面的是示例）

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> Get-Help New-NetIPAddress -Examples

NAME
    New-NetIPAddress

SYNOPSIS
    Creates and configures an IP address.

    Example 1: Add an IPv4 address

    PS C:\>New-NetIPAddress –InterfaceIndex 12 –IPAddress 192.168.0.1 -PrefixLength 24 -DefaultGateway 192.168.0.5

    The second command removes the IPv4 address. To remove the IPv4 address, use the Remove-NetIPAddress cmdlet.
    PS C:\>Remove-NetIPAddress –IPAddress 192.168.0.1 -DefaultGateway 192.168.0.5

    The first command adds a new IPv4 address to the network interface at index 12. The PrefixLength parameter
    specifies the subnet mask for the IP address. In this example, the PrefixLength of 24 equals a subnet mask of
    255.255.255.0.  When you add an IPv4 address, the address specified for the Default Gateway must be in the same
    subnet as the IPv4 address that you add.

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32>

DNS 设置方法

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> get-help Set-DNSClientServerAddress -Examples

NAME
    Set-DnsClientServerAddress

SYNOPSIS
    Sets DNS server addresses associated with the TCP/IP properties on an interface.

    EXAMPLE 1

    PS C:\>Set-DnsClientServerAddress -InterfaceIndex 12 -ServerAddresses ("10.0.0.1","10.0.0.2")

    This example sets the DNS server addresses on a specified interface with the index value of 12.
    EXAMPLE 2

    PS C:\>Set-DnsClientServerAddress –InterfaceIndex 12 -ResetServerAddresses

    This example resets the DNS client to use the default DNS server addresses specified by DHCP on the interface with
    an index value of 12.

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32>

Ping 的一个替代

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> Test-NetConnection

ComputerName           : internetbeacon.msedge.net
RemoteAddress          : 204.79.197.200
InterfaceAlias         : vEthernet (LAN)
SourceAddress          : 192.168.183.147
PingSucceeded          : True
PingReplyDetails (RTT) : 148 ms

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> Test-NetConnection 127.0.0.1

ComputerName           : 127.0.0.1
RemoteAddress          : 127.0.0.1
InterfaceAlias         : Loopback Pseudo-Interface 1
SourceAddress          : 127.0.0.1
PingSucceeded          : True
PingReplyDetails (RTT) : 0 ms

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> Test-NetConnection bing.com

ComputerName           : bing.com
RemoteAddress          : 204.79.197.200
InterfaceAlias         : vEthernet (LAN)
SourceAddress          : 192.168.183.147
PingSucceeded          : True
PingReplyDetails (RTT) : 148 ms

大家自己展开

加入Damain环境并重启

PS C:\>Add-Computer -DomainName Domain01 -Restart

Windows Service 管理

以前也是使用GUI界面来做，免不了要，可以使用到的Service命令

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> Get-Command *-Service

CommandType     Name                                               ModuleName
-----------     ----                                               ----------
Cmdlet          Get-Service                                        Microsoft.PowerShell.Management
Cmdlet          New-Service                                        Microsoft.PowerShell.Management
Cmdlet          Restart-Service                                    Microsoft.PowerShell.Management
Cmdlet          Resume-Service                                     Microsoft.PowerShell.Management
Cmdlet          Set-Service                                        Microsoft.PowerShell.Management
Cmdlet          Start-Service                                      Microsoft.PowerShell.Management
Cmdlet          Stop-Service                                       Microsoft.PowerShell.Management
Cmdlet          Suspend-Service                                    Microsoft.PowerShell.Management

使用离线的方式安装。光驱为D盘，显然要插入所安装的介质。这个问题还真是困扰Win8 WinServer2012的用户

Install-WindowsFeature Net-Framework-Core -source d:\sources\sxs

关于主机一些操作

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> get-command *-computer

CommandType     Name                                               ModuleName
-----------     ----                                               ----------
Cmdlet          Add-Computer                                       Microsoft.PowerShell.Management
Cmdlet          Checkpoint-Computer                                Microsoft.PowerShell.Management
Cmdlet          Remove-Computer                                    Microsoft.PowerShell.Management
Cmdlet          Rename-Computer                                    Microsoft.PowerShell.Management
Cmdlet          Restart-Computer                                   Microsoft.PowerShell.Management
Cmdlet          Restore-Computer                                   Microsoft.PowerShell.Management
Cmdlet          Stop-Computer                                      Microsoft.PowerShell.Management

重命名主机名

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> get-help Rename-Computer -Examples

NAME
    Rename-Computer

SYNOPSIS
    Renames a computer.

    -------------------------- EXAMPLE 1 --------------------------

    PS C:\>Rename-Computer -NewName Server044 -DomainCredential Domain01\Admin01 -Restart

防火墙相关配置命令

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> get-help *-NetFirewallRule

Name                              Category  Module                    Synopsis
----                              --------  ------                    --------
Copy-NetFirewallRule              Function  NetSecurity               Copies an entire firewall rule, and associated...
Disable-NetFirewallRule           Function  NetSecurity               Disables a firewall rule.
Enable-NetFirewallRule            Function  NetSecurity               Enables a previously disabled firewall rule.
Get-NetFirewallRule               Function  NetSecurity               Retrieves firewall rules from the target compu...
New-NetFirewallRule               Function  NetSecurity               Creates a new inbound or outbound firewall rul...
Remove-NetFirewallRule            Function  NetSecurity               Deletes one or more firewall rules that match ...
Rename-NetFirewallRule            Function  NetSecurity               Renames a single IPsec rule.
Set-NetFirewallRule               Function  NetSecurity               Modifies existing firewall rules.
Show-NetFirewallRule              Function  NetSecurity               Displays all of the existing IPsec rules and a...

Hyper-V 虚拟机相关命令，首先要安装Hyper-V组件

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> get-command *-VM

CommandType     Name                                               ModuleName
-----------     ----                                               ----------
Cmdlet          Checkpoint-VM                                      Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Compare-VM                                         Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Debug-VM                                           Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Export-VM                                          Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Get-VM                                             Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Import-VM                                          Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Measure-VM                                         Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Move-VM                                            Hyper-V
Cmdlet          New-VM                                             Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Remove-VM                                          Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Rename-VM                                          Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Repair-VM                                          Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Restart-VM                                         Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Resume-VM                                          Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Save-VM                                            Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Set-VM                                             Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Start-VM                                           Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Stop-VM                                            Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Suspend-VM                                         Hyper-V

虚拟机网络相关命令

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> get-command *-VMNetworkAdapter

CommandType     Name                                               ModuleName
-----------     ----                                               ----------
Cmdlet          Add-VMNetworkAdapter                               Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Connect-VMNetworkAdapter                           Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Disconnect-VMNetworkAdapter                        Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Get-VMNetworkAdapter                               Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Remove-VMNetworkAdapter                            Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Rename-VMNetworkAdapter                            Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Set-VMNetworkAdapter                               Hyper-V
Cmdlet          Test-VMNetworkAdapter                              Hyper-V

时间相关函数

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> get-command *-date

CommandType     Name                                               ModuleName
-----------     ----                                               ----------
Cmdlet          Get-Date                                           Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility
Cmdlet          Set-Date                                           Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> get-date

Tuesday, December 16, 2014 10:11:43 AM

获取本地补丁状况

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> Get-HotFix

Source        Description      HotFixID      InstalledBy          InstalledOn
------        -----------      --------      -----------          -----------
MAGI          Update           KB2899189_... NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM  11/10/2014 12:00:00 AM
MAGI          Update           KB2843630     NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM  11/10/2014 12:00:00 AM
MAGI          Security Update  KB2862152     NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM  11/10/2014 12:00:00 AM
MAGI          Security Update  KB2868626     NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM  11/10/2014 12:00:00 AM
MAGI          Security Update  KB2876331     NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM  11/10/2014 12:00:00 AM
MAGI          Update           KB2883200     NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM  11/10/2014 12:00:00 AM
MAGI          Update           KB2883295                          9/19/2013 12:00:00 AM
MAGI          Update           KB2884846     NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM  11/10/2014 12:00:00 AM
MAGI          Update           KB2887595     NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM  11/10/2014 12:00:00 AM
MAGI          Security Update  KB2892074     NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM  11/10/2014 12:00:00 AM
。。。。