OpenCv中基本数据类型--Point,Size,Rect,Scalar,Vec3b类类型的详细解释

头文件路径：opencv-2.4.9/modules/core/include/opencv2/core/core.hpp

一、Point类

在这些数据类型中,最简单的就是Point点类,Point类是一个包含两个整形数据成员x和y的以及一些简单成员
方法的类类型,和它有关的好几个Point点类的变种如下所示:

typedef Point_<int> Point2i;
typedef Point2i Point;
typedef Point_<float> Point2f;
typedef Point_<double> Point2d;
typedef Point3_<int> Point3i;
typedef Point3_<float> Point3f;
typedef Point3_<double> Point3d;

 /*!
   template 2D point class.

   The class defines a point in 2D space. Data type of the point coordinates is specified
   as a template parameter. There are a few shorter aliases available for user convenience.
   See cv::Point, cv::Point2i, cv::Point2f and cv::Point2d.
 */
 template<typename _Tp> class Point_
 {
 public:
     typedef _Tp value_type;

     // various constructors
     Point_();
     Point_(_Tp _x, _Tp _y);
     Point_(const Point_& pt);
     Point_(const CvPoint& pt);
     Point_(const CvPoint2D32f& pt);
     Point_(const Size_<_Tp>& sz);
     Point_(const Vec<_Tp, >& v);

     Point_& operator = (const Point_& pt);
     //! conversion to another data type
     template<typename _Tp2> operator Point_<_Tp2>() const;

     //! conversion to the old-style C structures
     operator CvPoint() const;
     operator CvPoint2D32f() const;
     operator Vec<_Tp, >() const;

     //! dot product
     _Tp dot(const Point_& pt) const;
     //! dot product computed in double-precision arithmetics
     double ddot(const Point_& pt) const;
     //! cross-product
     double cross(const Point_& pt) const;
     //! checks whether the point is inside the specified rectangle
     bool inside(const Rect_<_Tp>& r) const;

     _Tp x, y; //< the point coordinates
 };

 /*!
   template 3D point class.

   The class defines a point in 3D space. Data type of the point coordinates is specified
   as a template parameter.

   \see cv::Point3i, cv::Point3f and cv::Point3d
 */
 template<typename _Tp> class Point3_
 {
 public:
     typedef _Tp value_type;

     // various constructors
     Point3_();
     Point3_(_Tp _x, _Tp _y, _Tp _z);
     Point3_(const Point3_& pt);
     explicit Point3_(const Point_<_Tp>& pt);
     Point3_(const CvPoint3D32f& pt);
     Point3_(const Vec<_Tp, >& v);

     Point3_& operator = (const Point3_& pt);
     //! conversion to another data type
     template<typename _Tp2> operator Point3_<_Tp2>() const;
     //! conversion to the old-style CvPoint...
     operator CvPoint3D32f() const;
     //! conversion to cv::Vec<>
     operator Vec<_Tp, >() const;

     //! dot product
     _Tp dot(const Point3_& pt) const;
     //! dot product computed in double-precision arithmetics
     double ddot(const Point3_& pt) const;
     //! cross product of the 2 3D points
     Point3_ cross(const Point3_& pt) const;

     _Tp x, y, z; //< the point coordinates
 };

二、Size类

typedef Size_<int> Size2i;
typedef Size_<double> Size2d;
typedef Size2i Size;
typedef Size_<float> Size2f;

 /*!
   The 2D size class

   The class represents the size of a 2D rectangle, image size, matrix size etc.
   Normally, cv::Size ~ cv::Size_<int> is used.
 */
 template<typename _Tp> class Size_
 {
 public:
     typedef _Tp value_type;

     //! various constructors
     Size_();
     Size_(_Tp _width, _Tp _height);
     Size_(const Size_& sz);
     Size_(const CvSize& sz);
     Size_(const CvSize2D32f& sz);
     Size_(const Point_<_Tp>& pt);

     Size_& operator = (const Size_& sz);
     //! the area (width*height)
     _Tp area() const;

     //! conversion of another data type.
     template<typename _Tp2> operator Size_<_Tp2>() const;

     //! conversion to the old-style OpenCV types
     operator CvSize() const;
     operator CvSize2D32f() const;

     _Tp width, height; // the width and the height
 };

三、Scalar类

 /*!
    The template scalar class.

    This is partially specialized cv::Vec class with the number of elements = 4, i.e. a short vector of four elements.
    Normally, cv::Scalar ~ cv::Scalar_<double> is used.
 */
 template<typename _Tp> class Scalar_ : public Vec<_Tp, >
 {
 public:
     //! various constructors
     Scalar_();
　　　//【1】很重要的一个默认构造函数
　　　//【2】这个默认构造函数的四个参数分别表示RGB+Alpha颜色中的:

//【2.1】v0---表示RGB中的------blue-----B---蓝色分量
//【2.2】v1---表示RGB中的------Green----G---绿色分量
//【2.3】v2---表示RGB中的------Red------R---红色分量
//【2.4】v3---表示Alpha---------------------透明色分量

     Scalar_(_Tp v0, _Tp v1, _Tp v2=, _Tp v3=);
     Scalar_(const CvScalar& s);
     Scalar_(_Tp v0);

     //! returns a scalar with all elements set to v0
     static Scalar_<_Tp> all(_Tp v0);
     //! conversion to the old-style CvScalar
     operator CvScalar() const;

     //! conversion to another data type
     template<typename T2> operator Scalar_<T2>() const;

     //! per-element product
     Scalar_<_Tp> mul(const Scalar_<_Tp>& t, double scale= ) const;

     // returns (v0, -v1, -v2, -v3)
     Scalar_<_Tp> conj() const;

     // returns true iff v1 == v2 == v3 == 0
     bool isReal() const;
 };

 typedef Scalar_<double> Scalar;

四、Vec类

/*!
  A short numerical vector.

  This template class represents short numerical vectors (of 1, 2, 3, 4 ... elements)
  on which you can perform basic arithmetical operations, access individual elements using [] operator etc.
  The vectors are allocated on stack, as opposite to std::valarray, std::vector, cv::Mat etc.,
  which elements are dynamically allocated in the heap.

  The template takes 2 parameters:
  -# _Tp element type
  -# cn the number of elements

  In addition to the universal notation like Vec<float, 3>, you can use shorter aliases
  for the most popular specialized variants of Vec, e.g. Vec3f ~ Vec<float, 3>.
*/
template<typename _Tp, int cn> class Vec : public Matx<_Tp, cn, >
{
public:
    typedef _Tp value_type;
    enum { depth = DataDepth<_Tp>::value, channels = cn, type = CV_MAKETYPE(depth, channels) };

    //! default constructor
    Vec();

    Vec(_Tp v0); //!< 1-element vector constructor
    Vec(_Tp v0, _Tp v1); //!< 2-element vector constructor
    Vec(_Tp v0, _Tp v1, _Tp v2); //!< 3-element vector constructor
    Vec(_Tp v0, _Tp v1, _Tp v2, _Tp v3); //!< 4-element vector constructor
    Vec(_Tp v0, _Tp v1, _Tp v2, _Tp v3, _Tp v4); //!< 5-element vector constructor
    Vec(_Tp v0, _Tp v1, _Tp v2, _Tp v3, _Tp v4, _Tp v5); //!< 6-element vector constructor
    Vec(_Tp v0, _Tp v1, _Tp v2, _Tp v3, _Tp v4, _Tp v5, _Tp v6); //!< 7-element vector constructor
    Vec(_Tp v0, _Tp v1, _Tp v2, _Tp v3, _Tp v4, _Tp v5, _Tp v6, _Tp v7); //!< 8-element vector constructor
    Vec(_Tp v0, _Tp v1, _Tp v2, _Tp v3, _Tp v4, _Tp v5, _Tp v6, _Tp v7, _Tp v8); //!< 9-element vector constructor
    Vec(_Tp v0, _Tp v1, _Tp v2, _Tp v3, _Tp v4, _Tp v5, _Tp v6, _Tp v7, _Tp v8, _Tp v9); //!< 10-element vector constructor
    explicit Vec(const _Tp* values);

    Vec(const Vec<_Tp, cn>& v);

    static Vec all(_Tp alpha);

    //! per-element multiplication
    Vec mul(const Vec<_Tp, cn>& v) const;

    //! conjugation (makes sense for complex numbers and quaternions)
    Vec conj() const;

     /*!
       cross product of the two 3D vectors.

       For other dimensionalities the exception is raised
     */
     Vec cross(const Vec& v) const;
     //! convertion to another data type
     template<typename T2> operator Vec<T2, cn>() const;
     //! conversion to 4-element CvScalar.
     operator CvScalar() const;

     /*! element access */
     const _Tp& operator [](int i) const;
     _Tp& operator[](int i);
     const _Tp& operator ()(int i) const;
     _Tp& operator ()(int i);

     Vec(const Matx<_Tp, cn, >& a, const Matx<_Tp, cn, >& b, Matx_AddOp);
     Vec(const Matx<_Tp, cn, >& a, const Matx<_Tp, cn, >& b, Matx_SubOp);
     template<typename _T2> Vec(const Matx<_Tp, cn, >& a, _T2 alpha, Matx_ScaleOp);
 };

//【1】向量模板类Vec的实例化,并且给相应实例的Vec向量模板类实例---指定新的名字
//【1】Vec2b--这是一个具体的--类类型---这个类类型实例话的类对象表示如下所示:
//【1】Vec2b---表示每个Vec2b对象中,可以存储2个char(字符型)数据
typedef Vec<uchar, > Vec2b; 、
//【2】Vec3b---表示每一个Vec3b对象中,可以存储3个char(字符型)数据,比如可以用这样的对象,去存储RGB图像中的
       //一个像素点
typedef Vec<uchar, > Vec3b;
//【3】Vec4b---表示每一个Vec4b对象中,可以存储4个字符型数据,可以用这样的类对象去存储---4通道RGB+Alpha的图
      //像中的像素点
typedef Vec<uchar, > Vec4b;

//【1】Vec2s---表示这个类的每一个类对象，可以存储2个short int(短整型)的数据

/* \typedef

    Shorter aliases for the most popular specializations of Vec<T,n>
 */
 typedef Vec<uchar, > Vec2b;
 typedef Vec<uchar, > Vec3b;
 typedef Vec<uchar, > Vec4b;

 typedef Vec<short, > Vec2s;
 typedef Vec<short, > Vec3s;
 typedef Vec<short, > Vec4s;

 typedef Vec<ushort, > Vec2w;
 typedef Vec<ushort, > Vec3w;
 typedef Vec<ushort, > Vec4w;

 typedef Vec<int, > Vec2i;
 typedef Vec<int, > Vec3i;
 typedef Vec<int, > Vec4i;
 typedef Vec<int, > Vec6i;
 typedef Vec<int, > Vec8i;

 typedef Vec<float, > Vec2f;
 typedef Vec<float, > Vec3f;
 typedef Vec<float, > Vec4f;
 typedef Vec<float, > Vec6f;

 typedef Vec<double, > Vec2d;
 typedef Vec<double, > Vec3d;
 typedef Vec<double, > Vec4d;
 typedef Vec<double, > Vec6d;

http://blog.csdn.net/bendanban/article/details/30527785

http://m.blog.csdn.net/article/details?id=51227253