python从零安装

一 python

1.安装python

https://www.python.org/

环境变量path添加 ;C:\Python27;C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages;C:\Python27\Scripts

2.安装easy_install

https://pypi.python.org/pypi/ez_setup

解压后tar.gz进入目录 python setup.py install

3.安装pip

https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip

解压后tar.gz进入目录 python setup.py install

4.whl安装方法 pip install “xxxwhl”

二 windows

1.下载wxpython，通过exe安装

http://wxpython.org/download.php

2.下载matplotlib,通过pip install “xxxwhl”安装  https://pypi.python.org/pypi/matplotlib/

http://matplotlib.org/users/installing.html

For standard Python installations you will also need to install compatible versions of setuptools, numpy, python-dateutil, pytz, pyparsing, and cycler in addition to matplotlib.

3.通过pip install pyinstaller安装py2exe

http://pythonhosted.org/PyInstaller/#using-pyinstaller

4.进入py文件目录，pyinstaller xxxpy -F 生成单一exe

三 ubuntu linux

1.import tkFileDialog

>>> import tkFileDialog
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/tkFileDialog.py", line 43, in <module>
    from tkCommonDialog import Dialog
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/tkCommonDialog.py", line 11, in <module>
    from Tkinter import *
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/Tkinter.py", line 42, in <module>
    raise ImportError, str(msg) + ', please install the python-tk package'
ImportError: No module named _tkinter, please install the python-tk package

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4783810/install-tkinter-for-python

apt-get install python-tk 不是pip install python-tk

2.import wx

http://wxpython.org/download.php

Linux Binaries
To get prebuilt binaries for Linux or other platforms, please search in
your distro's package repository, or any 3rd party repositories that may
be available to you.

Ubuntu users can get information about the the wx APT repositoryhere.

If all else fails you can build wxPython yourself from the source code, see the next section.

http://wiki.wxpython.org/InstallingOnUbuntuOrDebian

（1）curl http://apt.wxwidgets.org/key.asc | sudo apt-key add -

（2）/etc/apt/sources.list

    # wxWidgets/wxPython repository at apt.wxwidgets.org
    deb http://apt.wxwidgets.org/ DIST-wx main
    deb-src http://apt.wxwidgets.org/ DIST-wx main

（3）sudo apt-get update

（4）sudo apt-get install python-wxgtk2.8 python-wxtools wx2.8-i18n

(5)import wx

3. from matplotlib.figure import Figure

http://matplotlib.org/users/installing.html

sudo apt-get install python-matplotlib

4. from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

https://pypi.python.org/pypi/beautifulsoup4

https://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/bs4/doc/index.zh.html

如果你用的是新版的Debain或ubuntu,那么可以通过系统的软件包管理来安装:

$ apt-get install Python-bs4

Beautiful Soup支持Python标准库中的HTML解析器,还支持一些第三方的解析器,其中一个是 lxml .根据操作系统不同,可以选择下列方法来安装lxml:

$ apt-get install Python-lxml

from docx  import Document

Reading http://pypi.python.org/simple/lxml/
https://pypi.python.org/simple/python-docx/

pip install python-docx 提示需要lxml，安装lxml提示Unable to find vcvarsall.bat

http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/551990477.html

到http://www.microsoft.com/express/Downloads/#2008-Visual-CPP去下载visual c++ 2008 express edition 

又提示：

** make sure the development packages of libxml2 and libxslt are installed **

Using build configuration of libxslt
cl: 命令行 warning D9025 :正在重写“/W3”(用“/w”)
lxml.etree.c
src\lxml\includes\etree_defs.h(14) : fatal error C1083: 无法打开包括文件:“libxml/xmlversion.h”: No such file or directory
Compile failed: command '"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\BIN\cl.exe"' failed with exit status 2
xmlXPathInitproty2.c
c:\users\win7\appdata\local\temp\easy_install-4z6i_4\lxml-3.6.4\temp\xmlXPathInitproty2.c(1) : fatal error C1083: 无法打开包括文件:“libxml/xpath.h”: No such file or directory
*********************************************************************************
Could not find function xmlCheckVersion in library libxml2. Is libxml2 installed?
*********************************************************************************
error: Setup script exited with error: command '"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\BIN\cl.exe"' failed with exit status 2

参考 http://zzq635.blog.163.com/blog/static/19526448620132845436686/ 去http://xmlsoft.org/sources/win32/ 下载相关文件

还是不行，还是直接安装exe？

https://pypi.python.org/pypi/lxml/3.6.0 解决问题。

PIP3 报错 升级pip

Fatal error in launcher: Unable to create process using '"'

C:\Users\win7>python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip

Collecting pip
  Using cached pip-9.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: pip
  Found existing installation: pip 7.1.0
    Can't uninstall 'pip'. No files were found to uninstall.
Successfully installed pip-9.0.1
You are using pip version 7.1.0, however version 9.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

C:\Users\win7>pip3 install Pillow
Collecting Pillow
  Downloading Pillow-4.1.1-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl (1.5MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.5MB 441kB/s
Collecting olefile (from Pillow)
  Downloading olefile-0.44.zip (74kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 81kB 900kB/s
Installing collected packages: olefile, Pillow
  Running setup.py install for olefile ... done
Successfully installed Pillow-4.1.1 olefile-0.44

C:\Users\win7>