搭建高可用的redis集群，避免standalone模式带给你的苦难

　　现在项目上用redis的话，很少说不用集群的情况，毕竟如果生产上只有一台redis会有极大的风险，比如机器挂掉，或者内存爆掉，就比如我们生产环境

曾今也遭遇到这种情况，导致redis内存不够挂掉的情况，当然这些都是我们及其不能容忍的，第一个必须要做到高可靠，其次才是高性能，好了，下面我来

逐一搭建一下。

一：Redis集群搭建

1. 下载

首先去官网下载较新的3.2.0版本，下载方式还是非常简单的，比如官网介绍的这样。

$ wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.2.0.tar.gz
$ tar xzf redis-3.2.0.tar.gz
$ cd redis-3.2.0
$ make

2. redis配置

　由于我们要做集群，而且还要redis自带的redis-trib.rb 能正常运行，我们需要在集群中开启三台master，三台slave，所以这里我需要建立6个文件

夹，而且文件夹的名称就使用端口地址的名字，比如：6389. 6380....6384。

3. config配置。

现在directory的分布情况大致如上图，接下来要做的事情就是配置redis.conf了，在这里需要配置四个选项。。。

<1> port  端口地址，比如6380文件夹下面的port就是6380，

# Accept connections on the specified port, default is  (IANA #).
# If port  is specified Redis will not listen on a TCP socket.
port 

<2> cluster-enabled 和 cluster-config-file

这个顾名思义，首先需要开启redis的cluster模式，然后配置一个cluster-config-file文件，这个文件用于存放redis的实时信息，redis会动态追加和修

改这个conf下面的内容信息，不过要记住，这个nodes-6379.conf 可以根据 端口文件夹依次配置，比如6380文件夹可以改成nodes-6380.conf这样。。。

# Normal Redis instances can't be part of a Redis Cluster; only nodes that are
# started as cluster nodes can. In order to start a Redis instance as a
# cluster node enable the cluster support uncommenting the following:
#
cluster-enabled yes

# Every cluster node has a cluster configuration file. This file is not
# intended to be edited by hand. It is created and updated by Redis nodes.
# Every Redis Cluster node requires a different cluster configuration file.
# Make sure that instances running in the same system do not have
# overlapping cluster configuration file names.
#
cluster-config-file nodes-6379.conf

<3> directory

为了方便管理，我这里配置的root目录取决于在哪个文件夹，比如6380下面我的dir就是: dir ./6380/

# Note that you must specify a directory here, not a file name.
dir ./6379/

<4> protected-mode

这个是redis 3.2 才追加的一个功能，从功能注释中，我们就可以发现，这个默认就是不让外界可以访问redis，所以这里我们就改为no，可以远程访问。

# By default protected mode is enabled. You should disable it only if
# you are sure you want clients from other hosts to connect to Redis
# even if no authentication is configured, nor a specific set of interfaces
# are explicitly listed using the "bind" directive.
protected-mode no

ok，到现在为止，我们的config就修改完毕了，其他端口的文件夹也可以依次配置之~

二：开启redis

到现在为止，各个端口文件夹都配置成功了，接下来准备开启了，真的好么么哒~~~，窗口太多，有点萌萌的。

接下来我们可以看一下，在6379下面是不是有生成node-6379.conf文件，比如下面：

三：配置redis-trib.rb

因为redis-trib.rb是ruby写的，而我们的电脑肯定是没有ruby和一些配置依赖项，不过没关系，有强大的yum安装，一切都不是问题。

1. 执行replicas命令

[jack@localhost ~]$ cluster/redis-trib.rb  create --replicas  192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133:
/usr/bin/env: ruby: No such file or directory
[jack@localhost ~]$ 

可以看到ruby是没有安装的，所以下一步我们要安装ruby了。。。

2. 安装ruby 【一定要是管理员权限哦】

[jack@localhost ~]$ sudo
usage: sudo [-D level] -h | -K | -k | -V
usage: sudo -v [-AknS] [-D level] [-g groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-u user
            name|#uid]
usage: sudo -l[l] [-AknS] [-D level] [-g groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-U user
            name] [-u user name|#uid] [-g groupname|#gid] [command]
usage: sudo [-AbEHknPS] [-r role] [-t type] [-C fd] [-D level] [-g
            groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-u user name|#uid] [-g groupname|#gid]
            [VAR=value] [-i|-s] [<command>]
usage: sudo -e [-AknS] [-r role] [-t type] [-C fd] [-D level] [-g
            groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-u user name|#uid] file ...
[jack@localhost ~]$ su
Password:
jacsu: incorrect password
[jack@localhost ~]$ yum install ruby
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
You need to be root to perform this command.
[jack@localhost ~]$ jack
bash: jack: command not found
[jack@localhost ~]$ su
Password:
[root@localhost jack]# yum install ruby
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package ruby.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6_6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: ruby-libs = 1.8.7.374-.el6_6 for package: ruby-1.8.7.374-.el6_6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libruby.so.1.8()(64bit) for package: ruby-1.8.7.374-.el6_6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package ruby-libs.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6_6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libreadline.so.()(64bit) for package: ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-.el6_6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package compat-readline5.x86_64 :5.2-17.1.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
 Package                Arch         Version                   Repository  Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 ruby                   x86_64       1.8.7.374-.el6_6         base        k
Installing for dependencies:
 compat-readline5       x86_64       5.2-17.1.el6              base        k
 ruby-libs              x86_64       1.8.7.374-.el6_6         base       1.7 M

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install        Package(s)

Total download size: 2.3 M
Installed size: 7.8 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(/): compat-readline5-5.2-17.1.el6.x86_64.rpm          |  kB     :
(/): ruby-1.8.7.374-.el6_6.x86_64.rpm                 |  kB     :
(/): ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-.el6_6.x86_64.rpm            | 1.7 MB     :
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                            kB/s | 2.3 MB     :
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
Importing GPG key 0xC105B9DE:
 Userid : CentOS- Key (CentOS  Official Signing Key) <centos--key@centos.org>
 Package: centos-release--.el6.centos.11.1.x86_64 (@anaconda-CentOS-.x86_64/6.5)
 From   : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing : compat-readline5-5.2-17.1.el6.x86_64                         /
  Installing : ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-.el6_6.x86_64                           /
  Installing : ruby-1.8.7.374-.el6_6.x86_64                                /
  Verifying  : compat-readline5-5.2-17.1.el6.x86_64                         /
  Verifying  : ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-.el6_6.x86_64                           /
  Verifying  : ruby-1.8.7.374-.el6_6.x86_64                                / 

Installed:
  ruby.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6_6                                               

Dependency Installed:
  compat-readline5.x86_64 :5.2-17.1.el6  ruby-libs.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6_6 

Complete!
[root@localhost jack]# 

3. 安装rubygems

接着我们再次运行 replicas命令，看看会怎么样。。。

[root@localhost jack]# cluster/redis-trib.rb  create --replicas  192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133:
cluster/redis-trib.rb::in `require': no such file to load -- rubygems (LoadError)
    from cluster/redis-trib.rb:
[root@localhost jack]# 

结果苦逼了，还是报错，看提示貌似是少了一个rubygems，这次我们还是通过yum安装。

[root@localhost jack]# yum install -y rubygems
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package rubygems.noarch :1.3.-.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: ruby-rdoc for package: rubygems-1.3.-.el6.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package ruby-rdoc.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6_6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: ruby-irb = 1.8.7.374-.el6_6 for package: ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-.el6_6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package ruby-irb.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6_6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
 Package           Arch           Version                    Repository    Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 rubygems          noarch         1.3.-.el6                base          k
Installing for dependencies:
 ruby-irb          x86_64         1.8.7.374-.el6_6          base          k
 ruby-rdoc         x86_64         1.8.7.374-.el6_6          base          k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install        Package(s)

Total download size:  k
Installed size: 3.0 M
Downloading Packages:
(/): ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-.el6_6.x86_64.rpm             |  kB     :
(/): ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-.el6_6.x86_64.rpm            |  kB     :
(/): rubygems-1.3.-.el6.noarch.rpm                   |  kB     :
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                            kB/s |  kB     :
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing : ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-.el6_6.x86_64                            /
  Installing : ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-.el6_6.x86_64                           /
  Installing : rubygems-1.3.-.el6.noarch                                  /
  Verifying  : ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-.el6_6.x86_64                           /
  Verifying  : ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-.el6_6.x86_64                            /
  Verifying  : rubygems-1.3.-.el6.noarch                                  / 

Installed:
  rubygems.noarch :1.3.-.el6                                                 

Dependency Installed:
  ruby-irb.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6_6    ruby-rdoc.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6_6   

Complete!
[root@localhost jack]# 

4. 安装redis驱动

还是继续不死心，我们继续运行replicas命令命令。

[root@localhost jack]# cluster/redis-trib.rb  create --replicas  192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133:
/usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb::in `gem_original_require': no such file to load -- redis (LoadError)
    from /usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb::in `require'
    from cluster/redis-trib.rb:
[root@localhost jack]# 

卧槽，还是有问题，这次貌似是一个gem_original_require没有安装，当然这个一般是说ruby版本太老了，所以现在亲要么升级ruby版本，要么直接安装

ruby的redis驱动。

[root@localhost jack]# gem install redis
Successfully installed redis-3.3.
 gem installed
Installing ri documentation for redis-3.3....
Installing RDoc documentation for redis-3.3....

6. 运行replicas命令

终于貌似所有的依赖我们都解决了，接下来就可以真的执行了，真是一把辛酸泪啊。。。操。。。

[root@localhost jack]# cluster/redis-trib.rb  create --replicas  192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133: 192.168.161.133:
>>> Creating cluster
>>> Performing hash slots allocation on  nodes...
Using  masters:
192.168.161.133:
192.168.161.133:
192.168.161.133:
Adding replica 192.168.161.133: to 192.168.161.133:
Adding replica 192.168.161.133: to 192.168.161.133:
Adding replica 192.168.161.133: to 192.168.161.133:
M: fdae457e803e2e04a7c549c69b44a2beefdae3bc 192.168.161.133:
   slots:- ( slots) master
M: 74285cee0fa65e64b443ecc630e447a8a65ee9f8 192.168.161.133:
   slots:- ( slots) master
M: 14ed067a1b85044325d5800fa8479a6b4e41a10c 192.168.161.133:
   slots:- ( slots) master
S: c50b1ff1fe3a00b16703f3b5705d2dafe046240b 192.168.161.133:
   replicates fdae457e803e2e04a7c549c69b44a2beefdae3bc
S: 8f7bd92f7ffb48e327820693a5820b5be7ea5556 192.168.161.133:
   replicates 74285cee0fa65e64b443ecc630e447a8a65ee9f8
S: 4a85ed078b4c99afad7f3a9a8df09082c681a649 192.168.161.133:
   replicates 14ed067a1b85044325d5800fa8479a6b4e41a10c
Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes
>>> Nodes configuration updated
>>> Assign a different config epoch to each node
>>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to join the cluster
Waiting for the cluster to join....
>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 192.168.161.133:)
M: fdae457e803e2e04a7c549c69b44a2beefdae3bc 192.168.161.133:
   slots:- ( slots) master
M: 74285cee0fa65e64b443ecc630e447a8a65ee9f8 192.168.161.133:
   slots:- ( slots) master
M: 14ed067a1b85044325d5800fa8479a6b4e41a10c 192.168.161.133:
   slots:- ( slots) master
M: c50b1ff1fe3a00b16703f3b5705d2dafe046240b 192.168.161.133:
   slots: ( slots) master
   replicates fdae457e803e2e04a7c549c69b44a2beefdae3bc
M: 8f7bd92f7ffb48e327820693a5820b5be7ea5556 192.168.161.133:
   slots: ( slots) master
   replicates 74285cee0fa65e64b443ecc630e447a8a65ee9f8
M: 4a85ed078b4c99afad7f3a9a8df09082c681a649 192.168.161.133:
   slots: ( slots) master
   replicates 14ed067a1b85044325d5800fa8479a6b4e41a10c
[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
>>> Check for open slots...
>>> Check slots coverage...
[OK] All  slots covered.
[root@localhost jack]# 

从上面可以看到，trib程序告知我们是否用 6379，6380，6381 作为主， 6382，6383，6384作为从。。然后我就恩准了。。就这样我们的集群

就创建好了，好了，这篇就讲到这里，也不是特别复杂吧~~~