105.Construct Binary Tree from Preorder and Inorder Traversal---《剑指offer》面试6
题目大意:根据先序遍历和中序遍历构造二叉树。
法一:DFS。根据模拟步骤,直接从先序和中序数组中找值然后加入二叉树中,即先从先序数组中确定根结点,然后再去中序数组中确定左子树和右子树的长度,然后根据左子树和右子树的长度,去划分先序数组和中序数组,确定左子树和右子树。代码如下(耗时15ms):
public TreeNode buildTree(int[] preorder, int[] inorder) {
if(preorder.length == 0 || inorder.length == 0) {
return null;
}
return dfs(preorder, inorder, 0, preorder.length - 1, 0, inorder.length - 1);
}
//preL是当前先序数组的第一个结点下标,preR是当前先序数组的最后一个结点下标
//inL是当前后序数组的第一个结点下标,inR是当前后序数组的最后一个结点下标
private TreeNode dfs(int[] preorder, int[] inorder, int preL, int preR, int inL, int inR) {
//将当前先序数组的第一个结点加入二叉树中,这个结点其实就是当前子树的根节点
TreeNode root = new TreeNode(preorder[preL]);
//根据这个根节点,去中序数组中找到位置下标
int rootIndex = inL;
while(inorder[rootIndex] != preorder[preL]) {
rootIndex++;
}
//左子树长度,根据当前中序数组和刚才确定的根节点下标,计算左子树长度,即中序数组中根节点前面的则是左子树
int leftLen = rootIndex - inL;
//右子树长度,根据当前中序数组和刚才确定的根节点下标,计算右子树长度,即中序数组中根节点后面的则是右子树
int rightLen = inR - rootIndex;
if(leftLen != 0) {
//确定左子树
root.left = dfs(preorder, inorder, preL + 1, preL + leftLen, inL, inL + leftLen - 1);
}
else {
root.left = null;
}
if(rightLen != 0) {
//确定右子树
root.right = dfs(preorder, inorder, preR - rightLen + 1, preR, inR - rightLen + 1, inR);
}
else {
root.right = null;
}
return root;
}
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