Given inorder and postorder traversal of a tree, construct the binary tree.

Note: 
 You may assume that duplicates do not exist in the tree.

利用中序和后序遍历构造二叉树,要注意到后序遍历的最后一个元素是二叉树的根节点,而中序遍历中,根节点前面为左子树节点后面为右子树的节点。例如二叉树:{1,2,3,4,5,6,#}的后序遍历为4->5->2->6->3->1;中序遍历为:4->2->5->1->6->3。

故,递归的整体思路是,找到根节点,然后遍历左右子树。这里有一个很重要的条件是:树中没有重复元素。

方法一:递归

值得注意的是:递归过程中,起始点的选取。Grandyang对下标的选取有较为详细的说明。至于这个递归过程,(个人愚见,欢迎大神给出更好递归过程)可以在脑海想,构造顺序为4->5->2构建好左子树,接上1,然后6->3构建好右子树,最后接上1,完成。

 /**
* Definition for binary tree
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
TreeNode *buildTree(vector<int> &inorder, vector<int> &postorder)
{
int len=inorder.size();
return build(inorder,,len-,postorder,,len-);
}
TreeNode *build(vector<int> &inorder,int inBeg,int inEnd,vector<int> &postorder,int postBeg,int postEnd)
{
if(inBeg>inEnd||postBeg>postEnd) return NULL;
TreeNode *root=new TreeNode(postorder[postEnd]); for(int i=;i<inorder.size();++i)
{
if(inorder[i]==postorder[postEnd])
{
root->left=build(inorder,inBeg,i-,postorder,postBeg,postBeg+i--inBeg);
root->right=build(inorder,i+,inEnd,postorder,postBeg+i-inBeg,postEnd-);
}
}
return root;
}
};

方法二:

利用栈。这个方法是以前看到出处也尴尬的忘了,分析过程等我再次看懂了再补上。这种方法改变了数组。

 /**
* Definition for binary tree
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
TreeNode *buildTree(vector<int> &inorder, vector<int> &postorder)
{
if(inorder.size()==) return NULL;
TreeNode* p;
TreeNode* root;
stack<TreeNode*> stn; root=new TreeNode(postorder.back());
stn.push(root);
postorder.pop_back(); while(true)
{
if(inorder.back()==stn.top()->val)
{
p=stn.top();
stn.pop();
inorder.pop_back(); if(inorder.size()==) break;
if(stn.size()&&inorder.back()==stn.top()->val)
continue; p->left=new TreeNode(postorder.back());
postorder.pop_back();
stn.push(p->left);
}
else
{
p=new TreeNode(postorder.back());
postorder.pop_back();
stn.top()->right=p;
stn.push(p);
}
}
return root;
}
};

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