实验环境：Oracle 11.2.0.4 RAC

参考MOS文档：

How To Configure Server Side Transparent Application Failover (文档 ID 460982.1)

1.为设置TAF在RAC集群上新建服务
2.启动server_taf服务
3.检查确认服务正在运行
4.找到刚创建服务的service_id
5.根据service_id审查服务的信息
6.给服务添加server side failover参数
7.再次审查服务可以看到Method, Type和Retries值
8.检查已注册的服务的监听信息
9.创建网络服务名
10.测试TAF功能

1.为设置TAF在RAC集群上新建服务

eg: srvctl add service -d rac -s server_taf -r "rac1,rac2" -P BASIC

使用oracle用户在RAC集群上新建服务server_taf:

[oracle@jyrac1 ~]$ srvctl add service -d jyzhao -s server_taf -r "jyzhao1,jyzhao2" -P BASIC

[oracle@jyrac1 ~]$

注意不能使用grid用户操作，如果使用grid 用户执行的话，会报错:

[grid@jyrac1 ~]$ srvctl add service -d jyzhao -s server_taf -r "jyzhao1,jyzhao2" -P BASIC

PRCD-1288 : User is not authorized to create service server_taf for database jyzhao

PRKH-1014 : Current user "grid" is not the oracle owner user "oracle" of oracle home "/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1"

2.启动server_taf服务

eg: srvctl start service -d rac -s server_taf

启动server_taf服务

[oracle@jyrac1 ~]$ srvctl start service -d jyzhao -s server_taf

3.检查确认服务正在运行

eg: srvctl config service -d rac

检查确认服务正在运行:

[oracle@jyrac1 ~]$ srvctl config service -d jyzhao

Service name: server_taf

Service is enabled

Server pool: jyzhao_server_taf

Cardinality: 2

Disconnect: false

Service role: PRIMARY

Management policy: AUTOMATIC

DTP transaction: false

AQ HA notifications: false

Failover type: NONE

Failover method: NONE

TAF failover retries: 0

TAF failover delay: 0

Connection Load Balancing Goal: LONG

Runtime Load Balancing Goal: NONE

TAF policy specification: BASIC

Edition:

Preferred instances: jyzhao1,jyzhao2

Available instances:

4.找到刚创建服务的service_id

eg: select name,service_id from dba_services where name = 'server_taf';

找到刚创建服务的service_id

SQL> select name,service_id from dba_services where name = 'server_taf'; 

NAME                                                             SERVICE_ID

---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------

server_taf                                                                7

5.根据service_id审查服务的信息

col name format a15

col failover_method format a11 heading 'METHOD'

col failover_type format a10 heading 'TYPE'

col failover_retries format 9999999 heading 'RETRIES'

col goal format a10

col clb_goal format a8

col AQ_HA_NOTIFICATIONS format a5 heading 'AQNOT'

select name, failover_method, failover_type, failover_retries,goal, clb_goal,aq_ha_notifications

from dba_services where service_id = 7;

根据service_id审查服务的信息:

SQL> col name format a15

SQL> col failover_method format a11 heading 'METHOD'

SQL> col failover_type format a10 heading 'TYPE'

SQL> col failover_retries format 9999999 heading 'RETRIES'

SQL> col goal format a10

SQL> col clb_goal format a8

SQL> col AQ_HA_NOTIFICATIONS format a5 heading 'AQNOT'

SQL> select name, failover_method, failover_type, failover_retries,goal, clb_goal,aq_ha_notifications

  2  from dba_services where service_id = 7

  3  ;

NAME            METHOD      TYPE        RETRIES GOAL       CLB_GOAL AQNOT

--------------- ----------- ---------- -------- ---------- -------- -----

server_taf      NONE        NONE              0 NONE       LONG     NO

SQL>

6.给服务添加server side failover参数

execute dbms_service.modify_service (service_name => 'server_taf' -

, aq_ha_notifications => true -

, failover_method => dbms_service.failover_method_basic -

, failover_type => dbms_service.failover_type_select -

, failover_retries => 180 -

, failover_delay => 5 -

, clb_goal => dbms_service.clb_goal_long);

11.2版本可以使用srvctl 修改服务的信息：

srvctl modify service -d RAC -s server_taf -m BASIC -e SELECT -q TRUE -j LONG

给服务添加server side failover参数:

SQL> execute dbms_service.modify_service (service_name => 'server_taf' -

> , aq_ha_notifications => true -

> , failover_method => dbms_service.failover_method_basic -

> , failover_type => dbms_service.failover_type_select -

> , failover_retries => 180 -

> , failover_delay => 5 -

> , clb_goal => dbms_service.clb_goal_long); 

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

7.再次审查服务可以看到Method, Type和Retries值

select name, failover_method, failover_type, failover_retries,goal, clb_goal,aq_ha_notifications
from dba_services where service_id = 7;

再次审查服务可以看到Method, Type和Retries值:

SQL> select name, failover_method, failover_type, failover_retries,goal, clb_goal,aq_ha_notifications

  2  from dba_services where service_id = 7;

NAME            METHOD      TYPE        RETRIES GOAL       CLB_GOAL AQNOT

--------------- ----------- ---------- -------- ---------- -------- -----

server_taf      BASIC       SELECT          180 NONE       LONG     YES

8.检查已注册的服务的监听信息

lsnrctl services

Service "server_taf.za.oracle.com" has 2 instance(s).

Instance "rac1", status READY, has 2 handler(s) for this service...

Handler(s):

"DEDICATED" established:0 refused:0 state:ready

REMOTE SERVER

(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=dell01)(PORT=1521))

"DEDICATED" established:0 refused:0 state:ready

LOCAL SERVER

Instance "rac2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Handler(s):

"DEDICATED" established:0 refused:0 state:ready

REMOTE SERVER

(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=dell02)(PORT=1521))

我这里版本差异，显示有区别，分别在不同节点显示自己的实例：

--node1:

Service "server_taf" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "jyzhao1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

    Handler(s):

      "DEDICATED" established:0 refused:0 state:ready

         LOCAL SERVER

The command completed successfully

--node2:

Service "server_taf" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "jyzhao2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

    Handler(s):

      "DEDICATED" established:0 refused:0 state:ready

         LOCAL SERVER

The command completed successfully

9.创建网络服务名

SERVERTAF =

(DESCRIPTION =

(LOAD_BALANCE = yes)

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dell01)(PORT = 1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dell02)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = server_taf.za.oracle.com)

)

)

服务端RAC所有节点配置tnsnames.ora,添加内容：

SERVERTAF =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (LOAD_BALANCE = yes)

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = jyrac1)(PORT = 1521))

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = jyrac2)(PORT = 1521))

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVICE_NAME = server_taf)

    )

  )

sqlplus system/oracle@192.168.56.160/server_taf

10.测试TAF功能

select host_name,instance_name from v$instance;

SQL> select instance_name from V$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME

rac2

SQL> shutdown abort;

ORACLE instance shut down.

select host_name,instance_name from v$instance;

10.1 模拟客户端使用scanVIP测试能否实现TAF

sqlplus system/oracle@192.168.56.160/server_taf

[grid@jyrac1 ~]$ sqlplus system/oracle@192.168.56.160/server_taf

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Mar 10 02:59:53 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select host_name,instance_name from v$instance;

HOST_NAME

----------------------------------------------------------------

INSTANCE_NAME

----------------

jyrac1

jyzhao1

--这里强制关掉jyzhao1实例。

SQL> /

HOST_NAME

----------------------------------------------------------------

INSTANCE_NAME

----------------

jyrac2

jyzhao2

10.1 结论：可以实现TAF功能，相当于客户端不再需要配置，直接通过SCAN VIP连接。

10.2 模拟客户端使用Public IP测试能否实现TAF

sqlplus system/oracle@192.168.56.150/server_taf

SQL>  select host_name,instance_name from v$instance;

HOST_NAME

----------------------------------------------------------------

INSTANCE_NAME

----------------

jyrac1

jyzhao1

--这里强制关掉jyzhao1实例。

SQL> /

 select host_name,instance_name from v$instance

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-12153: TNS:not connected

Process ID: 20116

Session ID: 24 Serial number: 7

如果客户端配置tnsnames.ora,将publicIP配置

TAF =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (LOAD_BALANCE = yes)

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.150)(PORT = 1521))

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.152)(PORT = 1521))

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVICE_NAME = server_taf)

    )

  )

再次测试：

[oracle@jyrac2 admin]$ sqlplus system/oracle@taf

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Mar 10 05:11:30 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select host_name,instance_name from v$instance;

HOST_NAME

----------------------------------------------------------------

INSTANCE_NAME

----------------

jyrac2

jyzhao2

--这里强制关掉jyzhao2实例。

SQL> /

HOST_NAME

----------------------------------------------------------------

INSTANCE_NAME

----------------

jyrac1

jyzhao1

10.2 结论：直接连接Public IP无法实现TAF功能。但客户端配置Public IP列表，可以实现。

10.3 模拟客户端使用VIP测试能否实现TAF

sqlplus system/oracle@192.168.56.151/server_taf

[grid@jyrac1 ~]$ sqlplus system/oracle@192.168.56.151/server_taf

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Mar 10 04:32:20 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select host_name,instance_name from v$instance;

HOST_NAME

----------------------------------------------------------------

INSTANCE_NAME

----------------

jyrac1

jyzhao1

SQL> /

select host_name,instance_name from v$instance

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel

Process ID: 32459

Session ID: 159 Serial number: 3

如果客户端配置tnsnames.ora，可以通过sqlplus system/oracle@tafvip连接。

TAFVIP =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (LOAD_BALANCE = yes)

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.151)(PORT = 1521))

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.153)(PORT = 1521))

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVICE_NAME = server_taf)

    )

  )