.NET测试--模拟框架NSubstitute

.NET测试

NSubstitute在GitHub的开源地址：https://github.com/nsubstitute/nsubstitute/downloads

入门

现在假设我们有一个基本的计算器界接口：

  1. public interface ICalculator 
  2. { 
  3. int Add(int a, int b); 
  4. string Mode { get; set; } 
  5. event EventHandler PoweringUp; 
  6. } 

使用NSubstitute创建一个替代实例。

我们可以使用stub（存根）、mock（模拟）、fake、spy、test double等。

  1. calculator = Substitute.For<ICalculator>(); 

现在我们可以使用calculator对象返回一个计算值：

  1. calculator.Add(1, 2).Returns(3); 
  2. Assert.That(calculator.Add(1, 2), Is.EqualTo(3)); 

检测calculator对象是否执行了一个方法调用，没有执行其他的调用：

  1. calculator.Add(1, 2); 
  2. calculator.Received().Add(1, 2);//是否执行了调用 
  3. calculator.DidNotReceive().Add(5, 7);//是否没有执行调用 

使用Returns方法，返回执行调用的返回值。

  1. calculator.Mode.Returns("DEC"); 
  2. Assert.That(calculator.Mode, Is.EqualTo("DEC")); 
  4. calculator.Mode = "HEX"; 
  5. Assert.That(calculator.Mode, Is.EqualTo("HEX")); 

NSubstitute 支持设置输入参数匹配：

  1. calculator.Add(10, -5); 
  2. calculator.Received().Add(10, Arg.Any<int>());//任何int参数 
  3. calculator.Received().Add(10, Arg.Is<int>(x => x < 0));//第二个参数小于零 

使用参数匹配以及讲函数传递给Returns方法：

  1. calculator 
  2. .Add(Arg.Any<int>(), Arg.Any<int>()) 
  3. .Returns(x => (int)x[0] + (int)x[1]); 
  4. Assert.That(calculator.Add(5, 10), Is.EqualTo(15)); 

Returns方法返回多参数序列：

  1. calculator.Mode.Returns("HEX", "DEC", "BIN"); 
  2. Assert.That(calculator.Mode, Is.EqualTo("HEX")); 
  3. Assert.That(calculator.Mode, Is.EqualTo("DEC")); 
  4. Assert.That(calculator.Mode, Is.EqualTo("BIN")); 

引发事件：

  1. bool eventWasRaised = false; 
  2. calculator.PoweringUp += (sender, args) => eventWasRaised = true; 
  3. calculator.PoweringUp += Raise.Event(); 
  4. Assert.That(eventWasRaised); 

创建substitute

创建一个具有构造函数参数的类的替代：

  1. var someClass = Substitute.For<SomeClassWithCtorArgs>(5, "hello world"); 

多接口

  1. var command = Substitute.For<ICommand, IDisposable>(); 
  2. var runner = new CommandRunner(command); 
  4. runner.RunCommand(); 
  6. command.Received().Execute(); 
  7. ((IDisposable)command).Received().Dispose(); 

可以设置多接口，但是类只能有一个：

  1. var substitute = Substitute.For( 
  2. new[] { typeof(ICommand), typeof(ISomeInterface), typeof(SomeClassWithCtorArgs) }, 
  3. new object[] { 5, "hello world" } 
  4. ); 
  5. Assert.IsInstanceOf<ICommand>(substitute); 
  6. Assert.IsInstanceOf<ISomeInterface>(substitute); 
  7. Assert.IsInstanceOf<SomeClassWithCtorArgs>(substitute); 

代理

  1. var func = Substitute.For<Func<string>>(); 
  2. func().Returns("hello"); 
  3. Assert.AreEqual("hello", func()); 

设置返回值

  1. public interface ICalculator { 
  2. int Add(int a, int b); 
  3. string Mode { get; set; } 
  4. } 

方法

  1. var calculator = Substitute.For<ICalculator>(); 
  2. calculator.Add(1, 2).Returns(3); 

调用的参数必须一样，返回值才会固定

  1. //Make a call return 3: 
  2. calculator.Add(1, 2).Returns(3); 
  3. Assert.AreEqual(calculator.Add(1, 2), 3); 
  4. Assert.AreEqual(calculator.Add(1, 2), 3); 
  6. //Call with different arguments does not return 3 
  7. Assert.AreNotEqual(calculator.Add(3, 6), 3); 

属性

  1. calculator.Mode.Returns("DEC"); 
  2. Assert.AreEqual(calculator.Mode, "DEC"); 
  3. calculator.Mode = "HEX"; 
  4. Assert.AreEqual(calculator.Mode, "HEX"); 

返回值指定输入具体参数

  1. //Return when first arg is anything and second arg is 5: 
  2. //返回当第一个参数是任意int，第二个参数是5 
  3. calculator.Add(Arg.Any<int>(), 5).Returns(10); 
  4. Assert.AreEqual(10, calculator.Add(123, 5)); 
  5. Assert.AreEqual(10, calculator.Add(-9, 5)); 
  6. Assert.AreNotEqual(10, calculator.Add(-9, -9)); 
  8. //Return when first arg is 1 and second arg less than 0: 
  9. //返回当第一个参数是1，第二个参数小于零 
  10. calculator.Add(1, Arg.Is<int>(x => x < 0)).Returns(345); 
  11. Assert.AreEqual(345, calculator.Add(1, -2)); 
  12. Assert.AreNotEqual(345, calculator.Add(1, 2)); 
  14. //Return when both args equal to 0: 
  15. //返回当两个参数都等于0 
  16. calculator.Add(Arg.Is(0), Arg.Is(0)).Returns(99); 
  17. Assert.AreEqual(99, calculator.Add(0, 0)); 

返回值指定输入任意参数

  1. calculator.Add(1, 2).ReturnsForAnyArgs(100);  
  2. Assert.AreEqual(calculator.Add(1, 2), 100); 
  3. Assert.AreEqual(calculator.Add(-7, 15), 100); 

从一个方法获取返回值

  1. calculator 
  2. .Add(Arg.Any<int>(), Arg.Any<int>()) 
  3. .Returns(x => (int)x[0] + (int)x[1]);//从一个方法获取返回值 
  5. Assert.That(calculator.Add(1, 1), Is.EqualTo(2)); 
  6. Assert.That(calculator.Add(20, 30), Is.EqualTo(50)); 
  7. Assert.That(calculator.Add(-73, 9348), Is.EqualTo(9275)); 

调用信息

Arg<T>()

ArgAt<T>(int position)

  1. public interface IFoo { 
  2. string Bar(int a, string b); 
  3. } 
  5. var foo = Substitute.For<IFoo>(); 
  6. foo.Bar(0, "").ReturnsForAnyArgs(x => "Hello " + x.Arg<string>()); 
  7. Assert.That(foo.Bar(1, "World"), Is.EqualTo("Hello World")); 

回调

  1. var counter = 0; 
  2. calculator 
  3. .Add(0, 0) 
  4. .ReturnsForAnyArgs(x => { 
  5. counter++; 
  6. return 0; 
  7. }); 
  9. calculator.Add(7,3); 
  10. calculator.Add(2,2); 
  11. calculator.Add(11,-3); 
  12. Assert.AreEqual(counter, 3); 
  1. var counter = 0; 
  2. calculator 
  3. .Add(0, 0) 
  4. .ReturnsForAnyArgs(x => 0) 
  5. .AndDoes(x => counter++);//? 
  7. calculator.Add(7,3); 
  8. calculator.Add(2,2); 
  9. Assert.AreEqual(counter, 2); 

多返回值

  1. calculator.Mode.Returns("DEC", "HEX", "BIN"); 
  2. Assert.AreEqual("DEC", calculator.Mode); 
  3. Assert.AreEqual("HEX", calculator.Mode); 
  4. Assert.AreEqual("BIN", calculator.Mode); 

多返回值回调

  1. calculator.Mode.Returns(x => "DEC", x => "HEX", x => { throw new Exception(); }); 
  2. Assert.AreEqual("DEC", calculator.Mode); 
  3. Assert.AreEqual("HEX", calculator.Mode); 
  4. Assert.Throws<Exception>(() => { var result = calculator.Mode; }); 

替换返回值

  1. calculator.Mode.Returns("DEC,HEX,OCT"); 
  2. calculator.Mode.Returns(x => "???"); 
  3. calculator.Mode.Returns("HEX"); 
  4. calculator.Mode.Returns("BIN"); 
  5. Assert.AreEqual(calculator.Mode, "BIN"); 

检查调用，是否执行，返回

  1. public interface ICommand { 
  2. void Execute(); 
  3. event EventHandler Executed; 
  4. } 
  6. public class SomethingThatNeedsACommand { 
  7. ICommand command; 
  8. public SomethingThatNeedsACommand(ICommand command) {  
  9. this.command = command; 
  10. } 
  11. public void DoSomething() { command.Execute(); } 
  12. public void DontDoAnything() { } 
  13. } 
  15. [Test] 
  16. public void Should_execute_command() { 
  17. //Arrange 
  18. var command = Substitute.For<ICommand>(); 
  19. var something = new SomethingThatNeedsACommand(command); 
  20. //Act 
  21. something.DoSomething(); 
  22. //Assert 检查是否执行了这个方法 
  23. command.Received().Execute(); 
  24. } 

检查一个调用是否未执行（未返回）

  1. var command = Substitute.For<ICommand>(); 
  2. var something = new SomethingThatNeedsACommand(command); 
  3. //Act 
  4. something.DontDoAnything(); 
  5. //Assert 
  6. command.DidNotReceive().Execute(); 

检查一个调用，返回执行次数

  1. public class CommandRepeater { 
  2. ICommand command; 
  3. int numberOfTimesToCall; 
  4. public CommandRepeater(ICommand command, int numberOfTimesToCall) { 
  5. this.command = command; 
  6. this.numberOfTimesToCall = numberOfTimesToCall; 
  7. } 
  9. public void Execute() {  
  10. for (var i=0; i<numberOfTimesToCall; i++) command.Execute(); 
  11. } 
  12. } 
  14. [Test] 
  15. public void Should_execute_command_the_number_of_times_specified() { 
  16. var command = Substitute.For<ICommand>(); 
  17. var repeater = new CommandRepeater(command, 3); 
  18. //Act 
  19. repeater.Execute(); 
  20. //Assert 
  21. command.Received(3).Execute(); // << This will fail if 2 or 4 calls were received 
  22. } 

带特殊参数的返回

  1. calculator.Add(1, 2); 
  2. calculator.Add(-100, 100); 
  4. //Check received with second arg of 2 and any first arg: 
  5. calculator.Received().Add(Arg.Any<int>(), 2); 
  6. //Check received with first arg less than 0, and second arg of 100: 
  7. calculator.Received().Add(Arg.Is<int>(x => x < 0), 100); 
  8. //Check did not receive a call where second arg is >= 500 and any first arg: 
  9. calculator 
  10. .DidNotReceive() 
  11. .Add(Arg.Any<int>(), Arg.Is<int>(x => x >= 500)); 

忽略参数

  1. calculator.Add(1, 3); 
  3. calculator.ReceivedWithAnyArgs().Add(1,1); 
  4. calculator.DidNotReceiveWithAnyArgs().Subtract(0,0); 

检查属性

  1. var mode = calculator.Mode; 
  2. calculator.Mode = "TEST"; 
  4. //Check received call to property getter 
  5. //We need to assign the result to a variable to keep 
  6. //the compiler happy. 
  7. var temp = calculator.Received().Mode; 
  9. //Check received call to property setter with arg of "TEST" 
  10. calculator.Received().Mode = "TEST"; 

检查索引

  1. var dictionary = Substitute.For<IDictionary<string, int>>(); 
  2. dictionary["test"] = 1; 
  4. dictionary.Received()["test"] = 1; 
  5. dictionary.Received()["test"] = Arg.Is<int>(x => x < 5); 

检查订阅事件

  1. public class CommandWatcher { 
  2. ICommand command; 
  3. public CommandWatcher(ICommand command) {  
  4. command.Executed += OnExecuted; 
  5. } 
  6. public bool DidStuff { get; private set; } 
  7. public void OnExecuted(object o, EventArgs e) { DidStuff = true; } 
  8. }  
  10. [Test] 
  11. public void ShouldDoStuffWhenCommandExecutes() { 
  12. var command = Substitute.For<ICommand>(); 
  13. var watcher = new CommandWatcher(command); 
  15. command.Executed += Raise.Event(); 
  17. Assert.That(watcher.DidStuff); 
  18. } 
  1. [Test] 
  2. public void MakeSureWatcherSubscribesToCommandExecuted() { 
  3. var command = Substitute.For<ICommand>(); 
  4. var watcher = new CommandWatcher(command); 
  6. // Not recommended. Favour testing behaviour over implementation specifics. 
  7. // Can check subscription: 
  8. command.Received().Executed += watcher.OnExecuted; 
  9. // Or, if the handler is not accessible: 
  10. command.Received().Executed += Arg.Any<EventHandler>(); 
  11. } 

清除调用

  1. public interface ICommand { 
  2. void Execute(); 
  3. } 
  5. public class OnceOffCommandRunner { 
  6. ICommand command; 
  7. public OnceOffCommandRunner(ICommand command) { 
  8. this.command = command; 
  9. } 
  10. public void Run() { 
  11. if (command == null) return; 
  12. command.Execute(); 
  13. command = null; 
  14. } 
  15. } 
  1. var command = Substitute.For<ICommand>(); 
  2. var runner = new OnceOffCommandRunner(command); 
  4. //First run 
  5. runner.Run(); 
  6. command.Received().Execute(); 
  8. //Forget previous calls to command 
  9. //清楚前面的调用 
  10. command.ClearReceivedCalls(); 
  12. //Second run 
  13. runner.Run(); 
  14. command.DidNotReceive().Execute(); 

参数匹配

忽略参数

  1. calculator.Add(Arg.Any<int>(), 5).Returns(7); 
  3. Assert.AreEqual(7, calculator.Add(42, 5)); 
  4. Assert.AreEqual(7, calculator.Add(123, 5)); 
  5. Assert.AreNotEqual(7, calculator.Add(1, 7)); 
  8. formatter.Format(new object()); 
  9. formatter.Format("some string"); 
  11. formatter.Received().Format(Arg.Any<object>()); 
  12. formatter.Received().Format(Arg.Any<string>()); 
  13. formatter.DidNotReceive().Format(Arg.Any<int>()); 

匹配一个参数

  1. calculator.Add(1, -10); 
  3. //Received call with first arg 1 and second arg less than 0: 
  4. calculator.Received().Add(1, Arg.Is<int>(x => x < 0)); 
  5. //Received call with first arg 1 and second arg of -2, -5, or -10: 
  6. calculator 
  7. .Received() 
  8. .Add(1, Arg.Is<int>(x => new[] {-2,-5,-10}.Contains(x))); 
  9. //Did not receive call with first arg greater than 10: 
  10. calculator.DidNotReceive().Add(Arg.Is<int>(x => x > 10), -10); 
  12. formatter.Format(Arg.Is<string>(x => x.Length <= 10)).Returns("matched"); 
  14. Assert.AreEqual("matched", formatter.Format("short")); 
  15. Assert.AreNotEqual("matched", formatter.Format("not matched, too long")); 
  16. // Will not match because trying to access .Length on null will throw an exception when testing 
  17. // our condition. NSubstitute will assume it does not match and swallow the exception. 
  18. Assert.AreNotEqual("matched", formatter.Format(null)); 

匹配特殊参数

  1. calculator.Add(0, 42); 
  3. //This won't work; NSubstitute isn't sure which arg the matcher applies to: 
  4. //calculator.Received().Add(0, Arg.Any<int>()); 
  6. calculator.Received().Add(Arg.Is(0), Arg.Any<int>()); 

使用参数匹配

  1. /* ARRANGE */ 
  3. var widgetFactory = Substitute.For<IWidgetFactory>(); 
  4. var subject = new Sprocket(widgetFactory); 
  6. // OK: Use arg matcher for a return value: 
  7. widgetFactory.Make(Arg.Is<int>(x => x > 10)).Returns(TestWidget); 
  9. /* ACT */ 
  11. // NOT OK: arg matcher used with a real call: 
  12. // subject.StartWithWidget(Arg.Any<int>()); 
  14. // Use a real argument instead: 
  15. subject.StartWithWidget(4); 
  17. /* ASSERT */ 
  19. // OK: Use arg matcher to check a call was received: 
  20. widgetFactory.Received().Make(Arg.Is<int>(x => x > 0)); 

回调，空调用

  1. var counter = 0; 
  2. calculator 
  3. .Add(0,0) 
  4. .ReturnsForAnyArgs(x => 0) 
  5. .AndDoes(x => counter++); 
  7. calculator.Add(7,3); 
  8. calculator.Add(2,2); 
  9. calculator.Add(11,-3); 
  10. Assert.AreEqual(counter, 3); 

when...do...

  1. public interface IFoo { 
  2. void SayHello(string to); 
  3. } 
  4. [Test] 
  5. public void SayHello() { 
  6. var counter = 0; 
  7. var foo = Substitute.For<IFoo>(); 
  8. foo.When(x => x.SayHello("World")) 
  9. .Do(x => counter++); 
  11. foo.SayHello("World"); 
  12. foo.SayHello("World"); 
  13. Assert.AreEqual(2, counter); 
  14. } 

复杂调用

  1. var sub = Substitute.For<ISomething>(); 
  3. var calls = new List<string>(); 
  4. var counter = 0; 
  6. sub 
  7. .When(x => x.Something()) 
  8. .Do( 
  9. Callback.First(x => calls.Add("1")) 
  10. .Then(x => calls.Add("2")) 
  11. .Then(x => calls.Add("3")) 
  12. .ThenKeepDoing(x => calls.Add("+")) 
  13. .AndAlways(x => counter++) 
  14. ); 
  16. for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) 
  17. { 
  18. sub.Something(); 
  19. } 
  20. Assert.That(String.Concat(calls), Is.EqualTo("123++")); 
  21. Assert.That(counter, Is.EqualTo(5)); 

抛出异常

  1. //For non-voids: 
  2. calculator.Add(-1, -1).Returns(x => { throw new Exception(); }); 
  4. //For voids and non-voids: 
  5. calculator 
  6. .When(x => x.Add(-2, -2)) 
  7. .Do(x => { throw new Exception(); }); 
  9. //Both calls will now throw. 
  10. Assert.Throws<Exception>(() => calculator.Add(-1, -1)); 
  11. Assert.Throws<Exception>(() => calculator.Add(-2, -2)); 

事件

  1. public interface IEngine { 
  2. event EventHandler Idling; 
  3. event EventHandler<LowFuelWarningEventArgs> LowFuelWarning; 
  4. event Action<int> RevvedAt; 
  5. } 
  7. public class LowFuelWarningEventArgs : EventArgs { 
  8. public int PercentLeft { get; private set; } 
  9. public LowFuelWarningEventArgs(int percentLeft) { 
  10. PercentLeft = percentLeft; 
  11. } 
  12. } 
  1. var wasCalled = false; 
  2. //设置事件 
  3. engine.Idling += (sender, args) => wasCalled = true; 
  4. //执行事件 
  5. //Tell the substitute to raise the event with a sender and EventArgs: 
  6. engine.Idling += Raise.EventWith(new object(), new EventArgs()); 
  8. Assert.True(wasCalled); 

事件参数

  1. engine.LowFuelWarning += (sender, args) => numberOfEvents++; 
  2. //Raise.EventWith<TEventArgs>(...) 
  3. //Raise event with specific args, any sender: 
  4. engine.LowFuelWarning += Raise.EventWith(new LowFuelWarningEventArgs(10)); 
  5. //Raise event with specific args and sender: 
  6. engine.LowFuelWarning += Raise.EventWith(new object(), new LowFuelWarningEventArgs(10)); 
  8. Assert.AreEqual(2, numberOfEvents); 

代理事件

  1. var sub = Substitute.For<INotifyPropertyChanged>(); 
  2. bool wasCalled = false; 
  3. sub.PropertyChanged += (sender, args) => wasCalled = true; 
  5. sub.PropertyChanged += Raise.Event<PropertyChangedEventHandler>(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("test")); 
  7. Assert.That(wasCalled); 

action事件

  1. int revvedAt = 0;; 
  2. engine.RevvedAt += rpm => revvedAt = rpm; 
  4. engine.RevvedAt += Raise.Event<Action<int>>(123); 
  6. Assert.AreEqual(123, revvedAt); 

自动递归模拟

递归模拟

  1. public interface INumberParser { 
  2. IEnumerable<int> Parse(string expression); 
  3. } 
  4. public interface INumberParserFactory { 
  5. INumberParser Create(char delimiter); 
  6. } 
  1. var factory = Substitute.For<INumberParserFactory>(); 
  2. var parser = Substitute.For<INumberParser>(); 
  3. factory.Create(',').Returns(parser); 
  4. parser.Parse("an expression").Returns(new[] {1,2,3}) 
  5. Assert.AreEqual( 
  6. factory.Create(',').Parse("an expression"), 
  7. new[] {1,2,3}); 
  9. //or 
  10. var factory = Substitute.For<INumberParserFactory>(); 
  11. factory.Create(',').Parse("an expression").Returns(new[] {1,2,3}); 
  12. Assert.AreEqual( 
  13. factory.Create(',').Parse("an expression"), 
  14. new[] {1,2,3}); 
  17. var firstCall = factory.Create(','); 
  18. var secondCall = factory.Create(','); 
  19. var thirdCallWithDiffArg = factory.Create('x'); 
  21. Assert.AreSame(firstCall, secondCall); 
  22. Assert.AreNotSame(firstCall, thirdCallWithDiffArg); 

Substitute chains(链)

  1. public interface IContext { 
  2. IRequest CurrentRequest { get; } 
  3. } 
  4. public interface IRequest { 
  5. IIdentity Identity { get; } 
  6. IIdentity NewIdentity(string name); 
  7. } 
  8. public interface IIdentity {  
  9. string Name { get; }  
  10. string[] Roles(); 
  11. } 
  1. var context = Substitute.For<IContext>(); 
  2. context.CurrentRequest.Identity.Name.Returns("My pet fish Eric"); 
  3. Assert.AreEqual( 
  4. "My pet fish Eric",  
  5. context.CurrentRequest.Identity.Name); 

自动值

  1. var identity = Substitute.For<IIdentity>(); 
  2. Assert.AreEqual(String.Empty, identity.Name); 
  3. Assert.AreEqual(0, identity.Roles().Length); 

设置out或者ref参数

  1. public interface ILookup { 
  2. bool TryLookup(string key, out string value); 
  3. } 
  1. //Arrange 
  2. var value = ""; 
  3. var lookup = Substitute.For<ILookup>(); 
  4. lookup 
  5. .TryLookup("hello", out value) 
  6. .Returns(x => {  
  7. x[1] = "world!"; 
  8. return true; 
  9. }); 
  11. //Act 
  12. var result = lookup.TryLookup("hello", out value); 
  14. //Assert 
  15. Assert.True(result); 
  16. Assert.AreEqual(value, "world!"); 

行为和参数匹配

执行回调

  1. public interface IOrderProcessor { 
  2. void ProcessOrder(int orderId, Action<bool> orderProcessed); 
  3. } 
  5. public class OrderPlacedCommand { 
  6. IOrderProcessor orderProcessor; 
  7. IEvents events; 
  8. public OrderPlacedCommand(IOrderProcessor orderProcessor, IEvents events) { 
  9. this.orderProcessor = orderProcessor; 
  10. this.events = events; 
  11. } 
  12. public void Execute(ICart cart) { 
  13. orderProcessor.ProcessOrder( 
  14. cart.OrderId,  
  15. wasOk => { if (wasOk) events.RaiseOrderProcessed(cart.OrderId); } 
  16. ); 
  17. } 
  18. } 
  1. [Test] 
  2. public void Placing_order_should_raise_order_processed_when_processing_is_successful() { 
  3. //Arrange 
  4. var cart = Substitute.For<ICart>(); 
  5. var events = Substitute.For<IEvents>(); 
  6. var processor = Substitute.For<IOrderProcessor>(); 
  7. cart.OrderId = 3; 
  8. //Arrange for processor to invoke the callback arg with `true` whenever processing order id 3 
  9. processor.ProcessOrder(3, Arg.Invoke(true)); 
  11. //Act 
  12. var command = new OrderPlacedCommand(processor, events); 
  13. command.Execute(cart); 
  15. //Assert 
  16. events.Received().RaiseOrderProcessed(3); 
  17. } 

用参数执行操作

  1. var argumentUsed = 0; 
  2. calculator.Multiply(Arg.Any<int>(), Arg.Do<int>(x => argumentUsed = x)); 
  4. calculator.Multiply(123, 42); 
  6. Assert.AreEqual(42, argumentUsed); 
  1. var firstArgsBeingMultiplied = new List<int>(); 
  2. calculator.Multiply(Arg.Do<int>(x => firstArgsBeingMultiplied.Add(x)), 10); 
  4. calculator.Multiply(2, 10); 
  5. calculator.Multiply(5, 10); 
  6. calculator.Multiply(7, 4567); //Will not match our Arg.Do as second arg is not 10 
  8. Assert.AreEqual(firstArgsBeingMultiplied, new[] { 2, 5 }); 

参数规范

  1. var numberOfCallsWhereFirstArgIsLessThan0 = 0; 
  2. //Specify a call where the first arg is less than 0, and the second is any int. 
  3. //When this specification is met we'll increment a counter in the Arg.Do action for  
  4. //the second argument that was used for the call, and we'll also make it return 123. 
  5. calculator 
  6. .Multiply( 
  7. Arg.Is<int>(x => x < 0),  
  8. Arg.Do<int>(x => numberOfCallsWhereFirstArgIsLessThan0++) 
  9. ).Returns(123); 
  11. var results = new[] { 
  12. calculator.Multiply(-4, 3), 
  13. calculator.Multiply(-27, 88), 
  14. calculator.Multiply(-7, 8), 
  15. calculator.Multiply(123, 2) //First arg greater than 0, so spec won't be met. 
  16. }; 
  18. Assert.AreEqual(3, numberOfCallsWhereFirstArgIsLessThan0); //3 of 4 calls have first arg < 0 
  19. Assert.AreEqual(results, new[] {123, 123, 123, 0}); //Last call returns 0, not 123 

检查调用命令

  1. [Test] 
  2. public void TestCommandRunWhileConnectionIsOpen() { 
  3. var connection = Substitute.For<IConnection>(); 
  4. var command = Substitute.For<ICommand>(); 
  5. var subject = new Controller(connection, command); 
  7. subject.DoStuff(); 
  9. Received.InOrder(() => { 
  10. connection.Open(); 
  11. command.Run(connection); 
  12. connection.Close(); 
  13. }); 
  14. } 
  1. [Test] 
  2. public void SubscribeToEventBeforeOpeningConnection() { 
  3. var connection = Substitute.For<IConnection>(); 
  4. connection.SomethingHappened += () => { /* some event handler */ }; 
  5. connection.Open(); 
  7. Received.InOrder(() => { 
  8. connection.SomethingHappened += Arg.Any<Action>(); 
  9. connection.Open(); 
  10. }); 
  11. } 

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