swift系统学习第一章

第一节:变量,常量,类型推断,字符,字符串

 //swift学习第一节
 /*
 变量
 常量
 类型推断
 字符
 字符串
 */

 import UIKit

 //变量
 var str = "swift"   //类型推断
 str = "hello"
 var str1:NSString =  "shaoting"
 var num =
 var num2:Int = 

 //常量
 let num3 =      //类型推断
 //num3 = 123  error:常量不可以修改
 let str2:NSString = "pheromone"

 //Int 有符号的整形
 //UInt 无符号的整形

 Int.max
 Int.min

 var numFloat : Float = /
 var numDouble : Double = /

 var num4 =
 num4.dynamicType  //类型
 var num5 = 0.14
 num5.dynamicType

 num5 =  + 0.14
 num5.dynamicType
 //num5 = num4 + num5 eroor:类型不同不能相加
 num5 = Double(num4) + num5

 //初始化字符串,默认值为nil
 let strr = ""
 let strrr = String()

 let swift:Character = "S"
 let swiftInChar:[Character] = ["s","w","i","f","t"];
 let swift1 = String(swiftInChar)
 let swift11 = swiftInChar

 var message = "i love you"
 let meessageLength = message.characters.count

 //message[0]  error:swift中,访问字符串中的某个字符不能使用字符串数组的某个下标
 message.startIndex  // 第一个下标
 message.endIndex    //最后一个下标
 message[message.startIndex.successor()] //第一个下标的下一个值
 message[message.endIndex.predecessor()] //最后一个下标的上一个值
 message[message.startIndex.advancedBy()]

 message.insertContentsOf("iOS".characters, at: message.startIndex)//在某个字符串的某个位置加入某些字符
 message.removeAtIndex(message.endIndex.predecessor())
 //message.removeRange(<#T##subRange: Range<Index>##Range<Index>#>)  删除范围内的内容

 //比较字符串
 let message1 = "ios hello"
 if message != message1{
    print("!=")
 }

 let swi = "我是一只猿"
 swi.hasPrefix("我")//判断前端是否包含
 swi.hasSuffix("猿")//判断后端是否包含

 for code in swi.utf8 {
    print("\(code)")
 }

 //数组
 var strS:[String] = ["ios","swift"];
 //var strS1:[] = [12,34];  没有指定元素类型

第二节:元组Tuple 操作符operators

 /*
 swift学习第二节
 元组 Tuple
 操作符 Operators

 */

 import UIKit

 //元组  :自己定义一组数据,类型也自己定义
 let success = (,"HTTP OK")
 let fileNotFound = (,"File not found")
 let me = (name:"shaoting",no:,email:"510738319@qq.com")
 success.
 success.
 me.name

 var (code,message) = success
 print(code)
 print(message)

 //操作符 Operators
 var a =
 var b = 

 let sum = a + b
 let sub = a - b
 let mul = a * b
 let div = a / b
 let mod = a % b
 let mod1 =  % 

 b +=  // b = b+10
 b -=  // b = b-10
 b *=  // b = b*10
 b /=  // b = b/10
 b %=  // b = b%10

 let isEqual = sum ==
 isEqual ? "YES" : "NO"

  //区间运算符
 //包含1到5
 for index in ...{
   print(index)  // 1 2 3 4 5
 }

 for index in ..<{
   print(index)  // 1 2 3 4
 }

第三节:集合--有序集合(数组)无序集合(set,dictionary)

 /*
 swift学习第三节
 集合(数组,set,dictionary)
    有序集合: 数组
    无序集合: set dictionary
 */

 import UIKit
 //数组
 var ary1:Array<Int> = Array<Int>()//定义一个值为空的int类型的数组
 var ary2:[Int] = ary1
 var ary3 = ary1

 var three = [Int](count: , repeatedValue: )
 var six = three + three   //相同类型的数组可以做运算

 var four = [,,,]
 four.count

 if ary1.isEmpty{
   print("ary1 为空数组")
 }

 ary1.append() // 添加元素
 ary1 += [,,] // 添加多个
 ary1[...]
 ary1[..<]
 ary1[...] = [,]  //修改元素
 ary1
 ary1.insert(, atIndex: ) //在某个下标添加元素
 ary1.removeAtIndex()  //删除某下标的元素
 ary1.removeFirst()   //删除第一个元素
 ary1.removeLast()    //删除最后一个元素
 ary1
 for (index,value) in ary1.enumerate(){
   print("index : \(index) value : \(value)")
 }

 //set
 //输出hash值
 let number =
 number.hashValue
 let PI = 3.14
 PI.hashValue
 let string = "Swift"
 string.hashValue

 //定义一个元素类型为字符的空set
 let emptySet = Set<Character>()
 let vomel:Set<Character> = ["a","e","i","o","u"];
 var evenSet:Set = [,,,,] //类型推断
 evenSet.count   //该set的个数
 evenSet.removeFirst()   //移除set的第一个元素
 evenSet.insert()      //插入一个元素25
 evenSet.contains()    //判断是否包含
 //因为set是无序集合,想要保证一定顺序可以使用sort
 for number in evenSet.sort(){
    print(number)
 }

 //setA 和 setB 的交集
 var setA : Set = [,,,,]
 var setB : Set = [,,,]
 let setiAB : Set = setA.intersect(setB)
 //setA 和 setB 的对称差
 let  seteAB : Set = setA.exclusiveOr(setB)
 //setA 和 setB 的并集
 let unionAB : Set = setA.union(setB)
 //setA对于setB的补集
 let subAB : Set = setA.subtract(setB)

 //判断集合是否相等
 if setA == setB{
   print("相等")
 }else{
   print("不相等")
 }

 setB.isSupersetOf(setA) //判断B是否是A的超集
 setB.isSubsetOf(setA)//判断B是否是A的子集

 //字典
 //创建一个key是int value是string的字典
 var int2String = [Int:String]()
 int2String = [:]
 int2String[] = "Ten"
 int2String[] = "Twenty"

 var capitalNumber = [
     :"一",
     :"二",
     :"三"
 ]

 capitalNumber[]  // 字典某个下标值
 capitalNumber.count //字典的个数
 capitalNumber.isEmpty //判断字典是否为空
 capitalNumber.updateValue("yi", forKey: ) //修改字典某个key对应的值
 capitalNumber[] = nil   //对某个下标置空
 capitalNumber.removeValueForKey() //移除某个key对应的值
 capitalNumber
 capitalNumber.dynamicType  //类型

 for (key,value) in capitalNumber{
    print("\(key):\(value)")
 }
 let keyAry = [Int](capitalNumber.keys);
 let valueAry = [String](capitalNumber.values);

第四节:循环语句(for while repeat-while switch)

 /*
 swift学习第四节
 循环语句
 for  while  repeat-while  switch

 */
 import UIKit

 for var i = ;i < ; i++ {
    print(i)
 }

 let vomel = ["a","e","i","o","u"]
 for char in vomel{
     print(char)
 }

 for number in ...{
    print(number)
 }

 for _ in ...{
     print("*",terminator:"")
 }

 var i =
 while i <  {
    print(i)
    ++i
 }

 //var n = 0
 //repeat {
 //    print(vomel[n])
 //     ++i
 //}while n < 5

 let me = "a"
 switch me{
 case "a":
     print("me is \(me)")
 case "e":
     print("me is \(me)")
 case "i":
     print("me is \(me)")
 case "o":
     print("me is \(me)")
 case "y":
     print("me is \(me)")
 default:
     print("都不是")
 }

 switch me{
 case "a","e","i","o","u":
     print("这个是元音")
 default:
     print("这个不是元音")
 }

 let number =
 switch number{
 case ...:
     print("这个数在1-10之间")
 case ...:
     print("这个数在11-99之间")
 default:
     print("这个数大于100")
 }

 let point = (,)
 switch point{
 case (,):
     print("在原点")
 case (_,):
     print("在x轴上")
 case (,_):
     print("在y轴上")
 case (-...,-...):
     print("在该范围内")
 default:
     print("位置跑偏")
 }

 switch point{
 case (let x,):
     print("\(x)")
 case (,let y):
     print("\(y)")
 case let(x,y):
     print("\(x),\(y)")
 }

 switch point{
 case let(x,y) where x == y:
     print("X=Y")
 case let(x,y) where x == -y:
     print("x=-y")
 case let(x,y):
     print("\(x),\(y)")

 }

源码下载地址:

http://download.csdn.net/detail/shaoting19910730/9461377

https://github.com/pheromone/swift-