【BZOJ3831】[Poi2014]Little Bird 单调队列

【BZOJ3831】[Poi2014]Little Bird

Description

In the Byteotian Line Forest there are   trees in a row. On top of the first one, there is a little bird who would like to fly over to the top of the last tree. Being in fact very little, the bird might lack the strength to fly there without any stop. If the bird is sitting on top of the tree no.  , then in a single flight leg it can fly to any of the trees no.i+1,i+2…I+K, and then has to rest afterward.

Moreover, flying up is far harder to flying down. A flight leg is tiresome if it ends in a tree at least as high as the one where is started. Otherwise the flight leg is not tiresome.

The goal is to select the trees on which the little bird will land so that the overall flight is least tiresome, i.e., it has the minimum number of tiresome legs. We note that birds are social creatures, and our bird has a few bird-friends who would also like to get from the first tree to the last one. The stamina of all the birds varies, so the bird's friends may have different values of the parameter  . Help all the birds, little and big!

有一排n棵树，第i棵树的高度是Di。

MHY要从第一棵树到第n棵树去找他的妹子玩。

如果MHY在第i棵树，那么他可以跳到第i+1,i+2,...,i+k棵树。

如果MHY跳到一棵不矮于当前树的树，那么他的劳累值会+1，否则不会。

为了有体力和妹子玩，MHY要最小化劳累值。

Input

There is a single integer N(2<=N<=1 000 000) in the first line of the standard input: the number of trees in the Byteotian Line Forest. The second line of input holds   integers D1,D2…Dn(1<=Di<=10^9) separated by single spaces: Di is the height of the i-th tree.

The third line of the input holds a single integer Q(1<=Q<=25): the number of birds whose flights need to be planned. The following Q lines describe these birds: in the i-th of these lines, there is an integer Ki(1<=Ki<=N-1) specifying the i-th bird's stamina. In other words, the maximum number of trees that the i-th bird can pass before it has to rest is Ki-1.

Output

Your program should print exactly Q lines to the standard output. In the I-th line, it should specify the minimum number of tiresome flight legs of the i-th bird.

Sample Input

9
4 6 3 6 3 7 2 6 5
2
2
5

Sample Output

2
1

HINT

Explanation: The first bird may stop at the trees no. 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9. Its tiresome flight legs will be the one from the 3-rd tree to the 5-th one and from the 7-th to the 8-th.

题解：根据题意，我们很容易得出下面的转移方程

1.f[i]=min(f[j]+1)  ( i-k≤j<i )
2.f[i]=min(f[j])      ( i-k≤j<i &&h[j]>h[i])

发现上面那个东西用单调队列直接搞定，但下面那个不太好搞。不过发现由于h[j]>h[i]对答案的贡献至多为1，所以原来如果f[j]<f[j']，那么算上h[j]和h[j']的影响后j仍然不会比j'更差，于是直接维护一个f递增的单调队列，其中当f相同的时候使h递减就行了

#include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
const int maxn=1000010;
using namespace std;
int f[maxn],q[maxn],x[maxn],h,t,n,m,k;
void work()
{
	int i,j;
	q[1]=1,h=t=1,f[1]=0;
	for(i=2;i<=n;i++)
	{
		while(h<=t&&i-q[h]>k)	h++;
		f[i]=f[q[h]]+(x[q[h]]<=x[i]);
		while(h<=t&&(f[q[t]]>f[i]||(f[q[t]]==f[i]&&x[q[t]]<=x[i])))	t--;
		q[++t]=i;
	}
	printf("%d\n",f[n]);
}
int main()
{
	scanf("%d",&n);
	int i;
	for(i=1;i<=n;i++)	scanf("%d",&x[i]);
	scanf("%d",&m);
	for(i=1;i<=m;i++)
	{
		scanf("%d",&k);
		work();
	}
	return 0;
}