MVC5_学习笔记_1_CodeFirst

MVC5_EF6_1

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Code First--准备工作

Code First 是先建Model再生成数据库以及表

1. 首先创建一个类取名为UserInfo,一个类对应一个数据库的一张表

   public class UserInfo
   {
       public int ID { get; set; }
       public string Name { get; set; }
       public int Age { get; set; }
   }
   

2. 新建一个文件夹取名为DAL,创建一个数据上下文CodeFirstDBContext

   public class CodeFirstDBContext : DbContext
   {
       public RuanGongContext()
           : base("CodeFirstDB")
               {
               }
       public DbSet<UserInfo> UserInfos { get; set; }
   protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
   {
               modelBuilder.Conventions.Remove&lt;PluralizingTableNameConvention&gt;();//是以s结尾,如UserInfos,这段代码是去掉s 以UserInfo这种形式命名表名
   }
   
   }
   
   

   此处继承了DbContextt, "public RuanGongContext(): base("CodeFirstDB")" 这段代码使得该数据上下文与连接串为CodeFirstDB的数据连接串相联系,即RuanGongContext对应连接串为CodeFirstDB的数据库

3. 接下来需要设置Web.config中的数据连接串了

   <connectionStrings>
       <add name="CodeFirstDB" connectionString="Persist Security Info=False;User ID=sa;Password=123;Initial Catalog=RuanGongDB;Data Source=127.0.0.1\SQLEXPRESS"
           providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />
   </connectionStrings>
   

   此时编译一下在数据库中就会创建对应的UserInfo表,为了方便可向数据库中加入初始数据

4. 通过种子Seed初始化数据,在DAL中新建一个CodeFirstDBInitializer类,加入代码

   public class CodeFirstDBInitializer : System.Data.Entity.DropCreateDatabaseIfModelChanges<CodeFirstDBContext>
   {
       protected override void Seed(CodeFirstDBContext context)
       {
           var UserInfos = new List<UserInfo>
           {
               new UserInfo{Name="Alexander",Age=21)},
               new UserInfo{Name="Kate",Age=23)},
               new UserInfo{Name="Bob",Age=20)},
               new UserInfo{Name="Tom",Age=24)},
           };
       UserInfos.ForEach(s =&gt; context.UserInfo.Add(s));
       context.SaveChanges();
   }
   
   }
   
   

   在网站运行之前需要初始化数据,则需要在Web.config中加入以下代码

   <entityFramework>
       <contexts>
         <context type="ContosoUniversity.DAL.CodeFirstDBContext, CodeFirstDB">
           <databaseInitializer type="ContosoUniversity.DAL.CodeFirstDBContextInitializer, CodeFirstDB" />
         </context>
       </contexts>
     </entityFramework>
   

   这里有两行代码,context中的type是对应的类名和程序集名,第二行是初始化数据的类名和程序名
   作为一种在web.config中设置初始值设定项的替代方法，可以通过在Global.asax.cs中Application_Start方法中增加Database.SetInitializer语句来实现同样的功能。

   此时,准备工作已经结束,运行网站相应的数据会被初始化到数据库中