ansible 流程控制

使用when判断主机名

- hosts: rsync_server

  tasks:

    - name: Install rsyncd Server

      yum:

        name: rsync

        state: present

    - name: Config rsyncd Conf

      copy:

        src: ./rsyncd.j2

        dest: /etc/rsyncd.conf

        owner: root

        group: root

        mode: 0644

      when: ansible_fqdn == 'backup'

    - name: Create dir

      file:

        path: /backup

        state: directory

        owner: www

        group: www

        mode: 0755

        recurse: yes

      when: ansible_fqdn == 'backup'

    - name: Create passwd file

      copy:

        content: "rsync_backup:123"

        dest: /etc/rsync.passwd

        owner: root

        group: root

        mode: 0600

      when: ansible_fqdn == 'backup'

#单条件判断

    - name: Start rsyncd

      systemd:

        name: rsyncd

        state: started

        enabled: yes

      when: ansible_fqdn == 'backup'

#多条件判断，使用小括号分组

    - name: copy shell

      template:

        src: ./backup.sh

        dest: /root

      when: (ansible_fqdn == 'web01') or (ansible_fqdn == 'web02')

#多条件判断，使用list列表形式

    - name: copy shell

      template:

        src: ./backup.sh

        dest: /root

      when:

        - ansible_fqdn == 'web01'

        - ansible_fqdn == 'web02'

#多条件判断，使用is match 支持通配符

    - name: Add Crontab

      cron:

        name: "backup"

        minute: "00"

        hour: "01"

        job: "/bin/sh /root/backup.sh &>/dev/null"

      when: ansible_fqdn is match 'web*'

2.使用when判断系统

- hosts: webs

  tasks:

    - name: Install CentOS Apache

      yum:

        name: httpd

        state: present

      when: ansible_distribution == 'CentOS'

    - name: Install Ubuntu Apache

      apt:

        name: apache2

        state: present

      when: ansible_distribution == 'Ubuntu'

3.使用when判断系统版本

- hosts: webs

  tasks:

    - name: Start CentOS6 Httpd

      shell: "/etc/init.d/httpd start"

      when: ansible_distribution_major_version == '6'

    - name: Start CentOS7 Httpd

      shell: "systemctl start httpd"

      when: ansible_distribution_major_version == '7'

4.使用注册变量对返回值进行判断

- hosts: web_group

  tasks:

    - name: Check Httpd Server

      command: systemctl is-active httpd

      ignore_errors: yes

      register: check_httpd

    - name: debug outprint

      debug: var=check_httpd

    - name: Httpd Restart

      service:

        name: httpd

        state: restarted

      when: check_httpd.rc == 0

	- name: pan duan rpm bao

      shell: "rpm -qa|grep php"

      register: check_php

    - name: Install php

      shell: "cd /usr/local/src && rpm -Uvh *rpm"

      when: check_php.rc != 0

ansible循环语句

1.with_items

    - name: start php and nginx

      systemd:

        name: "{{ item }}"

        state: started

        enabled: yes

      with_items:

        - nginx

        - php-fpm

2.变量循环

- name: ensure a list of packages installed

  yum:

    name: "{{ packages }}"

  vars:

    packages:

    - httpd

    - httpd-tools

3.字典循环

- hosts: web_group

  tasks:

    - name: copy conf and code

      copy:

        src: "{{ item.src }}"

        dest: "{{ item.dest }}"

        mode: "{{ item.mode }}"

      with_items:

        - { src: "./httpd.conf", dest: "/etc/httpd/conf/", mode: "0644" }

        - { src: "./upload_file.php", dest: "/var/www/html/", mode: "0600" }

    - name: tar php and nginx and wordpress

      unarchive:

        src: "{{ item.src }}"

        dest: "{{ item.dest }}"

        owner: "{{ item.user }}"

        group: "{{ item.user }}"

        copy: yes

      with_items:

        - { src: "./php.tgz", dest: "/usr/local/src", user: "root" }

        - { src: "./nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz", dest: "/root", user: "root" }

        - { src: "./wordpress.tgz", dest: "/code", user: "www" }

ansible handlers(触发器)

    - name: scp nginx shell conf

      copy:

        src: "{{ item.src }}"

        dest: "{{ item.dest }}"

      with_items:

        - { src: "./nginx.service", dest: "/usr/lib/systemd/system" }

        - { src: "./nginx.conf", dest: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/" }

        - { src: "./www.drz.com.conf", dest: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d" }

      #添加触发器

      notify:

        - reload nginx

        - reload php

  handlers:

    - name: reload nginx

      systemd:

        name: nginx

        state: reloaded

    - name: reload php

      systemd:

        name: php

        state: reloaded

注意：

1.无论多少个task通知了相同的handlers，handlers仅会在所有tasks结束后运行一次。

2.Handlers只有在其所在的任务被执行时，才会被运行；如果一个任务中定义了notify调用Handlers，但是由于条件判断等原因，该任务未被执行，那么Handlers同样不会被执行。

3.Handlers只会在每一个play的末尾运行一次；如果想在一个playbook中间运行Handlers，则需要使用meta模块来实现。例如： -meta: flush_handlers。

4.如果一个play在运行到调用Handlers的语句之前失败了，那么这个Handlers将不会被执行。我们可以使用meta模块的--force-handlers选项来强制执行Handlers，即使Handlers所在的play中途运行失败也能执行。

5.不能使用handlers替代tasks

playbook复用include

1.只调用task include_tasks

[root@m01 web]# vim install_nginx.yml 

- name: Install nginx

  yum:

    name: nginx

    state: present

[root@m01 web]# vim conf_nginx.yml

- name: conf nginx

  copy:

    src: ./www.drz.com.conf

    dest: /etc/nginx/conf.d

  notify: reload nginx

[root@m01 web]# vim main.yml

- hosts:

  tasks:

    - include_tasks: ./install_nginx.yml

    - include_tasks: ./conf_nginx.yml

  handlers:

    - name: reload nginx

      systemd:

        name: nginx

        state: reloaded

[root@m01 m01]# ansible-playbook tag.yml --list-tags

[root@m01 m01]# ansible-playbook tag.yml -t httpd_server

[root@m01 m01]# ansible-playbook tag.yml -t install_httpd,confiure_httpd

[root@m01 m01]# ansible-playbook tag.yml --skip-tags httpd_server

2.直接复用写好的yml文件

旧版：include
新版：import_playbook
在saltstack中，叫做top file入口文件

- import_playbook: ./lnmp.yml

- import_playbook: ../mariadb/mysql.yml

示例一：

[root@m01 m01]# cat task.yml

- hosts: web_group

  vars:

    - http_port: 8080

  tasks:

    - include_tasks: task_install.yml

    - include_tasks: task_configure.yml

    - include_tasks: task_start.yml

  handlers:

    - name: Restart Httpd Server

      systemd:

        name: httpd

        state: restarted

[root@m01 m01]# cat task_install.yml

- name: Install Http Server

  yum:

    name: httpd

    state: present

[root@m01 m01]# cat task_configure.yml

- name: configure httpd server

  template:

    src: ./httpd.j2

    dest: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

  notify: Restart Httpd Server

[root@m01 m01]# cat task_start.yml

- name: start httpd server

  service:

    name: httpd

    state: started

    enabled: yes

示例二：

- include: httpd.yml

- include: nfs.yml

- include: rsync.yml

示例三：

- include: httpd.yml

- include: nfs.yml

- include: rsync.yml