C# 定时任务

　　工作中需要做个每天定时发邮件的功能，了解之后知道java里有做定时任务比较容易的方法，就是Quartz，在C#里叫Quartz.Net。

在写代码之前需要引用几个dll文件，分别是C5.dll、Common.Logging.dll和Quartz.dll；还有一个QuartzManager.cs文件，直接复制到项目中

QuartzManager.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

using Quartz;
using Quartz.Impl;
using Quartz.Impl.Triggers;

namespace Quartz
{
    public static class QuartzManager
    {
        private static ISchedulerFactory sf = null;
        private static IScheduler sched = null;

        static QuartzManager()
        {
            sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
            sched = sf.GetScheduler();
            sched.Start();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加Job 并且以定点的形式运行
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="JobName"></param>
        /// <param name="CronTime"></param>
        /// <param name="jobDataMap"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static DateTimeOffset AddJob<T>(string JobName, string CronTime, string jobData) where T : IJob
        {
            IJobDetail jobCheck = JobBuilder.Create<T>().WithIdentity(JobName, JobName + "_Group").UsingJobData("jobData", jobData).Build();
            ICronTrigger CronTrigger = new CronTriggerImpl(JobName + "_CronTrigger", JobName + "_TriggerGroup", CronTime);
            return sched.ScheduleJob(jobCheck, CronTrigger);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加Job 并且以定点的形式运行
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="JobName"></param>
        /// <param name="CronTime"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static DateTimeOffset AddJob<T>(string JobName, string CronTime) where T : IJob
        {
            return AddJob<T>(JobName, CronTime, null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加Job 并且以周期的形式运行
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="JobName"></param>
        /// <param name="SimpleTime">毫秒数</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static DateTimeOffset AddJob<T>(string JobName, int SimpleTime) where T : IJob
        {
            return AddJob<T>(JobName, DateTime.UtcNow.AddMilliseconds(), TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(SimpleTime));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加Job 并且以周期的形式运行
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="JobName"></param>
        /// <param name="SimpleTime">毫秒数</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static DateTimeOffset AddJob<T>(string JobName, DateTimeOffset StartTime, int SimpleTime) where T : IJob
        {
            return AddJob<T>(JobName, StartTime, TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(SimpleTime));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加Job 并且以周期的形式运行
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="JobName"></param>
        /// <param name="SimpleTime"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static DateTimeOffset AddJob<T>(string JobName, DateTimeOffset StartTime, TimeSpan SimpleTime) where T : IJob
        {
            return AddJob<T>(JobName, StartTime, SimpleTime, new Dictionary<string, object>());
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加Job 并且以周期的形式运行
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="JobName"></param>
        /// <param name="StartTime"></param>
        /// <param name="SimpleTime">毫秒数</param>
        /// <param name="jobDataMap"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static DateTimeOffset AddJob<T>(string JobName, DateTimeOffset StartTime, int SimpleTime, string MapKey, object MapValue) where T : IJob
        {
            Dictionary<string, object> map = new Dictionary<string, object>();
            map.Add(MapKey, MapValue);
            return AddJob<T>(JobName, StartTime, TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(SimpleTime), map);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加Job 并且以周期的形式运行
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="JobName"></param>
        /// <param name="StartTime"></param>
        /// <param name="SimpleTime"></param>
        /// <param name="jobDataMap"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static DateTimeOffset AddJob<T>(string JobName, DateTimeOffset StartTime, TimeSpan SimpleTime, Dictionary<string, object> map) where T : IJob
        {
            IJobDetail jobCheck = JobBuilder.Create<T>().WithIdentity(JobName, JobName + "_Group").Build();
            jobCheck.JobDataMap.PutAll(map);
            ISimpleTrigger triggerCheck = new SimpleTriggerImpl(JobName + "_SimpleTrigger", JobName + "_TriggerGroup",
                                        StartTime,
                                        null,
                                        SimpleTriggerImpl.RepeatIndefinitely,
                                        SimpleTime);
            return sched.ScheduleJob(jobCheck, triggerCheck);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 修改触发器时间,需要job名,以及修改结果
        /// CronTriggerImpl类型触发器
        /// </summary>
        public static void UpdateTime(string jobName, string CronTime)
        {
            TriggerKey TKey = new TriggerKey(jobName + "_CronTrigger", jobName + "_TriggerGroup");
            CronTriggerImpl cti = sched.GetTrigger(TKey) as CronTriggerImpl;
            cti.CronExpression = new CronExpression(CronTime);
            sched.RescheduleJob(TKey, cti);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 修改触发器时间,需要job名,以及修改结果
        /// SimpleTriggerImpl类型触发器
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="jobName"></param>
        /// <param name="SimpleTime">分钟数</param>
        public static void UpdateTime(string jobName, int SimpleTime)
        {
            UpdateTime(jobName, TimeSpan.FromMinutes(SimpleTime));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 修改触发器时间,需要job名,以及修改结果
        /// SimpleTriggerImpl类型触发器
        /// </summary>
        public static void UpdateTime(string jobName, TimeSpan SimpleTime)
        {
            TriggerKey TKey = new TriggerKey(jobName + "_SimpleTrigger", jobName + "_TriggerGroup");
            SimpleTriggerImpl sti = sched.GetTrigger(TKey) as SimpleTriggerImpl;
            sti.RepeatInterval = SimpleTime;
            sched.RescheduleJob(TKey, sti);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 暂停所有Job
        /// 暂停功能Quartz提供有很多,以后可扩充
        /// </summary>
        public static void PauseAll()
        {
            sched.PauseAll();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 恢复所有Job
        /// 恢复功能Quartz提供有很多,以后可扩充
        /// </summary>
        public static void ResumeAll()
        {
            sched.ResumeAll();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 删除Job
        /// 删除功能Quartz提供有很多,以后可扩充
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="JobName"></param>
        public static void DeleteJob(string JobName)
        {
            JobKey jk = new JobKey(JobName, JobName + "_Group");
            sched.DeleteJob(jk);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 卸载定时器
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="waitForJobsToComplete">是否等待job执行完成</param>
        public static void Shutdown(bool waitForJobsToComplete)
        {
            sched.Shutdown(waitForJobsToComplete);
        }
    }
}

窗体界面上只有一个Button按钮，点击之后将当前Windows窗体关闭，而我的定时任务就是实现这个关闭。

.closeForm（）；关闭窗体方法在另写的一个stopjob.cs类文件调用 这个类需要继承IJob

using Quartz;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace winform状态栏
{
    [PersistJobDataAfterExecution]
    [DisallowConcurrentExecution]
    public class stopjob : IJob
    {
        public void Execute(IJobExecutionContext context)
        {
            Program.form.closeForm();
        }
    }
}

上面代码中，Program.form并不是开始创建的那个窗体，而是在Program类文件中创建的静态Form。为什么另创建一个静态Form？涉及到子线程关闭主线程问题

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace winform状态栏
{
    static class Program
    {

        public static Form1 form;
        /// <summary>
        /// 应用程序的主入口点。
        /// </summary>
        [STAThread]
        static void Main()
        {
            Application.EnableVisualStyles();
            Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
            form = new Form1();
            Application.Run(form);
        }
    }
}

Form.cs文件里引用Quartz（using Quartz;）

然后是关闭按钮（Button）的事件

using Quartz;
using System;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace winform状态栏
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void button_close(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //cron表达式 参考 http://www.cnblogs.com/sunjie9606/archive/2012/03/15/2397626.html
            QuartzManager.AddJob<stopjob>("每隔5秒", "*/5 * * * * ?");//每隔5秒执行一次这个方法
        }

        private delegate void CloseForm();//设计到多线程，子线程去控制主线程的控件，InvokeRequired值为true，用到定义委托，使得这个控制行为成为主线程的行为

        public void closeForm()
        {
            if (this.InvokeRequired)
            {
                this.BeginInvoke(new CloseForm(closeForm));
            }
            else
            {
                this.Close();
            }
        }
    }
}

关于执行stopjob的时间，我这里是用的每隔5秒执行一次，具体的解释在另一位博主那里有介绍

http://www.cnblogs.com/sunjie9606/archive/2012/03/15/2397626.html

其中C5.dll、Common.Logging.dll、Quartz.dll文件的链接http://pan.baidu.com/s/1hsBn1Bm（如果失效联系博主）

我学习Quartz.Net时用的是winform，大家可以试试别的，这样关于线程的问题应该就可以避免，这也是我没有想到的问题