WebService的几种验证方式

转 http://www.cnblogs.com/yoshiki1895/archive/2009/06/03/1495440.html

WebService的几种验证方式

1.1 WebService设计

1.1.1 传输基本参数

1.1.2 传输数据集合

（1）数组

（2） DataSet

1.2 WebService异常处理

1.3 WebService性能

1.4 WebService认证

请参考WebService认证学习报告

1.4.1 各种认证方式

1.4.1.1 Windows认证

（１）配置IIS中WebService文件的权限为集成Windows认证

（２）设置Web.Config

</authentication>

1.4.2 跟踪用户访问

1.5 WebService调用

1.5.1 Windows认证

（１） NT认证使用时，Credentials必须指定System.Net.CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials

当设置为default时,客户端根据服务端配置决定采用NTLM认证还是其他的安全认证

（２）实例化WebService对象

（３）添加WebService认证信息

（４）调用WebService方法

LocalTest.GIISService localTest = new LocalTest.GIISService();

CredentialCache credentialCache = new CredentialCache();

NetworkCredential credentials = new NetworkCredential("XuJian", "password", "Snda");

credentialCache.Add(new Uri("http://localhost/GIIS/ GIISService.asmx"),

"Basic", credentials);

localTest.Credentials = credentialCache;

string tt = localTest.Hello("ssssssss");

1.6 GIIS中WebService认证实现

该部分为本次GIIS中实现的认证方式，考虑到相关配置、维护性，不涉及其他认证方式的处理

1.6.1 实现方式

SOAP Header + DES加解密 + Windows认证

1.6.2 实现原理

（１） SOAP Header

SOAP包括四个部分： SOAP封装(envelop)，定义描述消息

SOAP编码规则

SOAP RPC调用和应答协定

SOAP绑定，底层协议交换信息

其中envelop由一个或多个Header和一个Body组成，Header元素的每一个子元素称为一个SOAP Header

（２） DES对称加解密

通过Client端传输过来的已加密编码，在客户端进行解码分析，实现认证，认证的user信息来自于GIIS的系统登录用户列表

对编码和解码的字节类型存储在Web.Config文件中，要保持一致并对称，且字符长度需设为8位

（３）集成Windows认证

作为域用户可以通过该方式来调用、处理WebService，但非域用户看通过我们自定义的SOAP Header方式来验证

1.6.3 实现步骤（SOAP）

（１）设置.asmx文件的访问权限为“集成Windows认证”，不允许匿名访问

（２）创建WebService认证类CredentialSoapHeader.cs，继承SoapHeader

*调用者的信息从系统维护的WscUser表中获取

namespace XXX.WebService

{

public class CredentialSoapHeader : System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapHeader

{

#region -- Private Attribute --

private string m_UserID = string.Empty;

private string m_Password = string.Empty;

#endregion

#region -- Private Attribute --

/// <summary>

/// user id

/// </summary>

public string UserID

{

get

{

return m_UserID;

}

set

{

m_UserID = value;

}

/// <summary>

/// user password

/// </summary>

public string PassWord

{

get

{

return m_Password;

}

set

{

m_Password = value;

}

#endregion

/// <summary>

/// initial user id and papssword

/// </summary>

/// <param name="userID">user id</param>

/// <param name="password">user password</param>

public void Initial(string userID, string password)

{

UserID = userID;

PassWord = password;

}

/// <summary>

/// check user when use web service

/// </summary>

/// <param name="userID">user id</param>

/// <param name="password">user password</param>

/// <param name="message">return message</param>

/// <returns></returns>

public bool IsValid(string userID, string password, out string message)

{

message = "";

try

{

string userName = Encrypt.DecryptClient(userID);

string userPassword = Encrypt.DecryptClient(password);

Entity.GiWscuser userAuthority = new Entity.GiWscuser();

userAuthority.QueryMode = true;

userAuthority.Active += true;

userAuthority.Account += userName.Trim();

userAuthority.Password += userPassword.Trim();

DataTable dtblUser = userAuthority.Query(

new String[] {userAuthority.Account, userAuthority.Password }, false, -1).Tables[0];

if (dtblUser.Rows.Count > 0)

{

return true;

}

else

{

message = "sorry, you have no access authority for current web service";

return false;

}

catch(Exception ex)

{

message = "sorry, you have no access authority for current web service " + ex.Message;

return false;

}

/// <summary>

/// check user authority

/// </summary>

/// <param name="message">message tip</param>

/// <returns></returns>

public bool IsValid(out string message)

{

return IsValid(m_UserID, m_Password, out message);

}

（３）创建DES加解密类，实现明文编码与解码

public class Encrypt

{

private static string ms_Key = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["EncryptKey"];

private static string ms_IV = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["EncryptIV"];

/// <summary>

/// Encrypt a string

/// </summary>

/// <param name="ecryptString">string needs to be encrypted</param>

/// <returns>the encrypted string</returns>

public static string EncryptClient(string ecryptString)

{

if(ecryptString != "")

{

DESCryptoServiceProvider cryptoProvider = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();

cryptoProvider.Key = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(ms_Key);

cryptoProvider.IV = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(ms_IV);

MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream();

CryptoStream cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(memoryStream,

cryptoProvider.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write);

StreamWriter streamWriter = new StreamWriter(cryptoStream);

streamWriter.Write(ecryptString);

streamWriter.Flush();

cryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock();

memoryStream.Flush();

return Convert.ToBase64String(memoryStream.GetBuffer(),0,Int32.Parse(memoryStream.Length.ToString()));

}

else

{

return "";

}

/// <summary>

/// Decrypt a string

/// </summary>

/// <param name="decryptString">string needs to be decrypted</param>

/// <returns>the decrypted string</returns>

public static string DecryptClient(string decryptString)

{

if(decryptString != "")

{

DESCryptoServiceProvider cryptoProvider = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();

cryptoProvider.Key = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(ms_Key);

cryptoProvider.IV = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(ms_IV);

Byte[] buffer = Convert.FromBase64String(decryptString);

MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream(buffer);

CryptoStream cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(memoryStream, cryptoProvider.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Read);

StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(cryptoStream);

return streamReader.ReadToEnd();

}

else

{

return "";

}

（４）在CredentialSoapHeader类中实现用户认证信息的解码与合法性检查，给出异常时的提示信息

见CredentialSoapHeade的代码

（５）在目标Service类中实例化CredentialSoapHeader对象，并指定该对象为WebService方法的修饰

Namespace WebServiceAuthority

{

[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]

[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]

public class GIISService : System.Web.Services.WebService

{

public CredentialSoapHeader myHeader = new CredentialSoapHeader();

/// <summary>

/// get web service information by authority user

/// </summary>

/// <param name="contents">customize content</param>

/// <returns></returns>

[SoapHeader("myHeader")]

[WebMethod(Description = "authority set for Web Service", EnableSession =true)]

public string HelloWorld(string contents)

{

string message = "";

if (!myHeader.IsValid(out message))

return message;

return "Hello World:" + contents;

}

1.6.4 Client端调用方法（SOAP）

（１）添加WebService引用

URL地址为对应的GIIS WebService地址，引用的别名自定义

（２）实例化一个WebService的类对象

LocalService.GIISService localTest = new LocalService.GIISService();

（３）设置Credentials方式

localTest.Credentials = System.Net.CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;

（４）传递编码后的密文

（５）调用WebService提供的方法

（６）实现代码如下：

LocalService.GIISService localTest = new LocalService.GIISService();

localTest.Credentials = System.Net.CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;//default credetials

LocalService.CredentialSoapHeader header = new LocalService.CredentialSoapHeader();//Create SOAP header

header.UserID = userName;//Set SOAP header user name information

header.PassWord = userPassword;//Set SOAP header user password information

localTest.CredentialSoapHeaderValue = header;

this.Label1.Text = localTest.HelloWorld("ss");

至此已实现GIIS中的WebService验证，如单独采用Windows认证请参见下面的说明