C# 获取操作系统相关的信息

本文通过一个Demo，讲解如何通过C#获取操作系统相关的信息，如内存大小，CPU大小，机器名，环境变量等操作系统软件、硬件相关信息，仅供学习分享使用，如有不足之处，还请指正。

涉及知识点：

• Environment 提供有关当前环境和平台的信息以及操作它们的方法。
• ManagementClass 表示公共信息模型 (CIM) 管理类。管理类是一个 WMI 类，如 Win32_LogicalDisk 和 Win32_Process，前者表示磁盘驱动器，后者表示进程（如 Notepad.exe）。通过该类的成员，可以使用特定的 WMI 类路径访问 WMI 数据。

效果图

系统信息 ：获取如系统目录，平台标识，登录用户名，盘符，所在的域 等信息

环境变量：即操作系统运行的参数，看看有没有眼前为之一亮的信息

特殊目录：桌面，我的文档，收藏夹，等目录，是不是很熟悉

操作系统：以下是获取CPU的信息，如型号，名称，个数，速度，厂商等信息【还可以获取其他如内存，硬盘等信息】

核心代码

代码如下：

 namespace DemoEnvironment
 {
     public partial class MainFrom : Form
     {
         public MainFrom()
         {
             InitializeComponent();
         }

         private void MainFrom_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
         {
             string machineName = Environment.MachineName;
             string osVersionName = GetOsVersion(Environment.OSVersion.Version);
             string servicePack = Environment.OSVersion.ServicePack;
             osVersionName = osVersionName + " " + servicePack;
             string userName = Environment.UserName;
             string domainName = Environment.UserDomainName;
             string tickCount = (Environment.TickCount / ).ToString() + "s";
             string systemPageSize = (Environment.SystemPageSize / ).ToString() + "KB";
             string systemDir = Environment.SystemDirectory;
             string stackTrace = Environment.StackTrace;
             string processorCounter = Environment.ProcessorCount.ToString();
             string platform = Environment.OSVersion.Platform.ToString();
             string newLine = Environment.NewLine;
             bool is64Os = Environment.Is64BitOperatingSystem;
             bool is64Process = Environment.Is64BitProcess;

             string currDir = Environment.CurrentDirectory;
             string cmdLine = Environment.CommandLine;
             string[] drives = Environment.GetLogicalDrives();
             //long workingSet = (Environment.WorkingSet / 1024);
             this.lblMachineName.Text = machineName;
             this.lblOsVersion.Text = osVersionName;
             this.lblUserName.Text = userName;
             this.lblDomineName.Text = domainName;
             this.lblStartTime.Text = tickCount;
             this.lblPageSize.Text = systemPageSize;
             this.lblSystemDir.Text = systemDir;
             this.lblLogical.Text = string.Join(",", drives);
             this.lblProcesserCounter.Text = processorCounter;
             this.lblPlatform.Text = platform;
             this.lblNewLine.Text = newLine.ToString();
             this.lblSystemType.Text = is64Os ? "64bit" : "32bit";
             this.lblProcessType.Text = is64Process ? "64bit" : "32bit";
             this.lblCurDir.Text = currDir;
             this.lblCmdLine.Text = cmdLine;
             this.lblWorkSet.Text = GetPhisicalMemory().ToString()+"MB";
             //环境变量
             // HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment
             IDictionary dicMachine = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables(EnvironmentVariableTarget.Machine);
             this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}", "机器环境变量", newLine));
             foreach (string str in dicMachine.Keys) {
                 string val = dicMachine[str].ToString();
                 this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", str, val, newLine));
             }
             this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}{1}", ">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>", newLine));
             // 环境变量存储在 Windows 操作系统注册表的 HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Environment 项中，或从其中检索。
             IDictionary dicUser = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables(EnvironmentVariableTarget.User);
             this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}", "用户环境变量", newLine));
             foreach (string str in dicUser.Keys)
             {
                 string val = dicUser[str].ToString();
                 this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", str, val, newLine));
             }
             this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}{1}", ">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>", newLine));
             IDictionary dicProcess = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables(EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
             this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}", "进程环境变量", newLine));
             foreach (string str in dicProcess.Keys)
             {
                 string val = dicProcess[str].ToString();
                 this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", str, val, newLine));
             }
             //特殊目录
             string[] names = Enum.GetNames(typeof(Environment.SpecialFolder));
             foreach (string name in names){

                 Environment.SpecialFolder sf;
                 if (Enum.TryParse<Environment.SpecialFolder>(name, out sf))
                 {
                     string folder = Environment.GetFolderPath(sf);
                     this.rtbFolders.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", name, folder, newLine));
                 }
             }
             //获取其他硬件，软件信息
             GetPhicnalInfo();
         }

         private string GetOsVersion(Version ver) {
             string strClient = "";
             if (ver.Major ==  && ver.Minor == )
             {
                 strClient = "Win XP";
             }
             else if (ver.Major ==  && ver.Minor == )
             {
                 strClient = "Win Vista";
             }
             else if (ver.Major ==  && ver.Minor == )
             {
                 strClient = "Win 7";
             }
             else if (ver.Major ==  && ver.Minor == )
             {
                 strClient = "Win 2000";
             }
             else
             {
                 strClient = "未知";
             }
             return strClient;
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 获取系统内存大小
         /// </summary>
         /// <returns>内存大小（单位M）</returns>
         private int GetPhisicalMemory()
         {
             ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher();   //用于查询一些如系统信息的管理对象
             searcher.Query = new SelectQuery("Win32_PhysicalMemory ", "", new string[] { "Capacity" });//设置查询条件
             ManagementObjectCollection collection = searcher.Get();   //获取内存容量
             ManagementObjectCollection.ManagementObjectEnumerator em = collection.GetEnumerator();

             long capacity = ;
             while (em.MoveNext())
             {
                 ManagementBaseObject baseObj = em.Current;
                 if (baseObj.Properties["Capacity"].Value != null)
                 {
                     try
                     {
                         capacity += long.Parse(baseObj.Properties["Capacity"].Value.ToString());
                     }
                     catch
                     {
                         return ;
                     }
                 }
             }
             return (int)(capacity /  / );
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa394084(VS.85).aspx
         /// </summary>
         /// <returns></returns>
         private int GetPhicnalInfo() {
             ManagementClass osClass = new ManagementClass("Win32_Processor");//后面几种可以试一下，会有意外的收获//Win32_PhysicalMemory/Win32_Keyboard/Win32_ComputerSystem/Win32_OperatingSystem
             foreach (ManagementObject obj in osClass.GetInstances())
             {
                 PropertyDataCollection pdc = obj.Properties;
                 foreach (PropertyData pd in pdc) {
                     this.rtbOs.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", pd.Name, pd.Value, "\r\n"));
                 }
             }
             return ;
         }
     }
 }

工程下载

小例子，小知识 ，积跬步以至千里， 积小流以成江海。