LeetCode之16----3Sums Closest
题目:
Given an array S of n integers, find three integers in S such that the sum is closest to a given number, target. Return the sum of the three integers. You may assume that each input would have
exactly one solution.
For example, given array S = {-1 2 1 -4}, and target = 1.
The sum that is closest to the target is 2. (-1 + 2 + 1 = 2).
题目大意:
思路:
代码:
class Solution {
public:
int threeSumClosest(std::vector<int>& nums, int target) {
int result = target, dis = INT_MAX, dis_tmp, tmp;
if (nums.size() == 0) {
result = 0;
}
for (int i = 0; i < nums.size(); ++i) {
if (i != 0 && nums[i] == nums[i - 1]) {
continue;
}
for (int j = i + 1; j < nums.size(); ++j) {
if (j != i + 1 && nums[j] == nums[j - 1]) {
continue;
}
for (int k = j + 1; k < nums.size(); ++k) {
if (k != j + 1 && nums[k] == nums[k - 1]) {
continue;
}
tmp = nums[i] + nums[j] + nums[k];
dis_tmp = abs(tmp - target);
if (dis_tmp < dis) {
dis = dis_tmp;
result = tmp;
if (result == target) {
return target;
}
}
}
}
}
return result;
}
};
3Sums改进法:
class Solution {
public:
int threeSumClosest(std::vector<int>& nums, int target) {
const int n = nums.size();
sort(nums.begin(),nums.end());
//假设最大的三个数加起来还小于目标值,则最接近的就是这三个数相加
if(nums[n-1] + nums[n-2] + nums[n-3] <= target) {
return nums[n-1] + nums[n-2] + nums[n-3];
}
//假设最小的三个数加起来还大于目标值,则最接近的就是这三个数相加
if(nums[0] + nums[1] + nums[2] >= target) {
return nums[0] + nums[1] + nums[2];
}
int tmp; //候选数
int dis = INT_MAX; //距离
//由于要选择三个数,所以i < n - 2
for (int i = 0; i < n-2; i++) {
//假设当前处理过的数字上一次处理过,则不再处理
if (i != 0 && nums[i] == nums[i-1]) {
continue;
}
//假设当前扫描的值加上最大的三个数字之后假设还小于目标值
//说明和目标值相等的概率为零(即:差值为0的概率为0)
if (nums[i] + nums[n-1] + nums[n-2] <= target) {
tmp = nums[i] + nums[n-1] + nums[n-2];
if (tmp == target) {
return target;
}
dis = tmp - target; //差值最小等于候选值减去目标值
continue;
}
//假设和最大的三个数字相加之后大于目标值,说明还有希望找到差值为0的值
//接下来就是求2Sums问题了(不同的一点是加了一个差值最小的推断)
int target2 = target - nums[i];
int j = i + 1;
int k = n - 1;
while (j < k) {
const int sum2 = nums[j] + nums[k];
if (abs(sum2 - target2) < abs(dis)){
dis = sum2 - target2;
}
if(sum2 > target2) {
k--;
}
else if(sum2 < target2) {
j++;
}
else {
return target;
}
while (nums[j] == nums[j-1]) {
j++;
}
while(nums[k] == nums[k+1]) {
k--;
}
}
}
return target + dis;
}
};
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