Apache配置虚拟主机的三种方法（基于IP、端口、域名）

1 Apache虚拟主机的实现方式有3种。

• 基于IP的虚拟主机
• 基于端口的虚拟主机
• 基于域名的虚拟主机

2.1 启用虚拟主机的准备工作

2.1.1安装httpd

[root@mail httpd]# yum install httpd -y

2.1.2禁用默认的主机模式

[root@mail httpd]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
注释下面这行内容
#DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"

2.2基于IP的虚拟主机配置

2.2.1为主机添加多个IP

[root@localhost conf.d]# ip addr show dev eth0            #查看原有IP
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:77:77:7d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.137.200/24 brd 192.168.137.255 scope global eth0
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe77:777d/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@localhost conf.d]# ip addr add 192.168.137.201/24 dev eth0        #添加一个IP
[root@localhost conf.d]# ip addr show dev eth0                          #查看添加后的IP信息， 此时有2个IP地址了。 200,201
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:77:77:7d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.137.200/24 brd 192.168.137.255 scope global eth0
    inet 192.168.137.201/24 scope global secondary eth0
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe77:777d/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2.2.2添加虚拟主机配置文件

[root@mail conf.d]# cd /etc/httpd/conf.d/      #进入配置目录
[root@mail conf.d]# vim virtualhost.conf       #创建一个配置文件， 编辑内容如下
[root@mail conf.d]# cat virtualhost.conf       #查看并检查配置文件
<VirtualHost 192.168.137.200:80>
  DocumentRoot "/var/www/test200"
  ServerName    www.test200.com
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost 192.168.137.201:80>
  DocumentRoot "/var/www/test201"
  ServerName    www.test201.com
</VirtualHost>

[root@mail conf.d]# cd /var/www            #切换目录
[root@mail www]# mkdir test200 test201    #创建目录
[root@mail www]# echo test200 >>./test200/index.html #创建IP为200的主页
[root@mail www]# echo test201 >>./test201/index.html #创建IP为200的主页

2.2.3测试

[root@localhost www]#  service httpd restart
Stopping httpd:                                            [  OK  ]
Starting httpd: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain for ServerName
                                                           [  OK  ]
我们这里使用elinks进行测试， 当然用浏览器测试是一样的
[root@localhost conf]# elinks -source 192.168.137.200
test200
[root@localhost conf]# elinks -source 192.168.137.201
test201

2.3基于端口的虚拟主机配置

2.3.1在主配置文件添加监听端口

[root@localhost conf]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
在原有行Listen 80行的基础上， 在添加一行
Listen 8080 

2.3.2添加8080的端口虚拟配置

[root@localhost conf.d]# cat virtualhost.conf
<VirtualHost 192.168.137.200:80>
  DocumentRoot "/var/www/test200"
  ServerName    www.test200.com
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost 192.168.137.201:80>
  DocumentRoot "/var/www/test201"
  ServerName    www.test201.com
</VirtualHost>
#下面的内容是在上面的配置的基础上添加的。
<VirtualHost 192.168.137.201:8080>
  DocumentRoot "/var/www/test201-8080"
  ServerName    www.test201-8080.com
</VirtualHost>

[root@localhost conf.d]# cd /var/www/           #切换目录
[root@localhost www]# mkdir test201-8080        #创建目录
[root@localhost www]# echo "test201-8080" >>./test201-8080/index.html       #创建主页

2.3.2测试

[root@localhost www]#  service httpd restart
Stopping httpd:                                            [  OK  ]
Starting httpd: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain for ServerName
                                                           [  OK  ]
[root@localhost conf]# elinks -source 192.168.137.201:80
test201
[root@localhost conf]# elinks -source 192.168.137.201
test201
[root@localhost conf]# elinks -source 192.168.137.201:8080
test201-8080

2.4基于域名的虚拟主机配置

2.4.1 添加域名的虚拟主机配置

[root@localhost conf.d]# vim virtualhost.conf      #编辑虚拟主机配置文件
[root@localhost conf.d]# cat virtualhost.conf      #内容如下， 红色部分是在上面的基础上添加的
NameVirtualHost 192.168.137.200:80
<VirtualHost 192.168.137.200:80>
  DocumentRoot "/var/www/test200"
  ServerName    www.test200.com
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost 192.168.137.200:80>
  DocumentRoot "/var/www/test200net"
  ServerName    www.test200.net
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost 192.168.137.201:80>
  DocumentRoot "/var/www/test201"
  ServerName    www.test201.com
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost 192.168.137.201:8080>
  DocumentRoot "/var/www/test2018080"
  ServerName    www.test2018080.com
</VirtualHost>

[root@localhost conf.d]# !ser
service httpd restart
Stopping httpd:                                            [  OK  ]
Starting httpd: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain for ServerName
                                                           [  OK  ]

[root@localhost conf.d]# cd /var/www            #切换目录
[root@localhost www]# mkdir test200net          #创建目录
[root@localhost www]# echo "test200net" >>./test200net/index.html  #创建主页

2.4.2 测试

2.4.2.1 添加域名解析

这里我们没有提供dns去解析，简单的使用hosts文件区解析就可以了。

[root@localhost www]# vim /etc/hosts      编辑hosts文件， 添加两行
[root@localhost www]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

192.168.137.200 www.test200.com
192.168.137.200 www.test200.net

接下来就可以测试了

[root@localhost www]# elinks -source http://www.test200.com       #测试.com域
test200
[root@localhost www]# elinks -source http://www.test200.net       #测试.net域
test200net