identityserver4源码解析_2_元数据接口

目录

• IdentityServer4源码解析_1_项目结构
• IdentityServer4源码解析_2_元数据接口
• IdentityServer4源码解析_3_认证接口
• IdentityServer4源码解析_4_令牌发放接口
• IdentityServer4源码解析_5_查询用户信息接口
• [IdentityServer4源码解析_6_结束会话接口]
• [IdentityServer4源码解析_7_查询令牌信息接口]
• [IdentityServer4源码解析_8_撤销令牌接口]

协议

这一系列我们都采用这样的方式，先大概看下协议，也就是需求描述，然后看idsv4怎么实现的，这样可以加深理解。

元数据接口的协议地址如下：

https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-discovery-1_0.html

摘要

该协议定义了一套标准，用户能够获取到oidc服务的基本信息，包括OAuth2.0相关接口地址。

Webfinger - 网络指纹

先了解一下Webfinger这个概念。

WebFinger可以翻译成网络指纹，它定义了一套标准，描述如何通过标准的HTTP方法去获取网络实体的资料信息。WebFinger使用JSON来描述实体信息。

https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7033

查询oidc服务元数据 - OpenID Provider Issuer Discovery

可选协议。

定义了如何获取oidc服务元数据。如果客户端明确知道oidc服务的地址，可以跳过此部分。

个人理解是存在多个oidc服务的情况，可以部署一个webfinger服务，根据资源请求，路由到不同的oidc服务。

通常来说，我们只有一个oidc服务，我看了一下idsv4也没有实现这一部分协议，这里了解一下就可以了。

查询oidc服务配置信息 - OpenID Provider Configuration Request

必选协议。

用于描述oidc服务各接口地址及其他配置信息。

  GET /.well-known/openid-configuration HTTP/1.1
  Host: example.com

必须校验issuer与请求地址是否一致

启个idsrv服务调用试一下，返回结果如图

详细信息如下。

{
    "issuer": "https://localhost:10000", //颁发者地址
    "jwks_uri": "https://localhost:10000/.well-known/openid-configuration/jwks", //jwks接口地址，查询密钥
    "authorization_endpoint": "https://localhost:10000/connect/authorize", //认证接口地址
    "token_endpoint": "https://localhost:10000/connect/token", //令牌发放接口
    "userinfo_endpoint": "https://localhost:10000/connect/userinfo", //查询用户信息接口
    "end_session_endpoint": "https://localhost:10000/connect/endsession", //结束会话接口
    "check_session_iframe": "https://localhost:10000/connect/checksession", //检查会话接口
    "revocation_endpoint": "https://localhost:10000/connect/revocation", //撤销令牌接口
    "introspection_endpoint": "https://localhost:10000/connect/introspect", //查询令牌详情接口
    "device_authorization_endpoint": "https://localhost:10000/connect/deviceauthorization", //设备认证接口
    "frontchannel_logout_supported": true, //是否支持前端登出
    "frontchannel_logout_session_supported": true, //是否支持前端结束会话
    "backchannel_logout_supported": true, //是否支持后端登出
    "backchannel_logout_session_supported": true, //是否支持后端结束会话
    "scopes_supported": [ //支持的授权范围,scope
        "openid",
        "profile",
        "userid",
        "username",
        "email",
        "mobile",
        "api",
        "offline_access" //token过期可用refresh_token刷新换取新token
    ],
    "claims_supported": [ //支持的声明
        "sub",
        "updated_at",
        "locale",
        "zoneinfo",
        "birthdate",
        "gender",
        "preferred_username",
        "picture",
        "profile",
        "nickname",
        "middle_name",
        "given_name",
        "family_name",
        "website",
        "name",
        "userid",
        "username",
        "email",
        "mobile"
    ],
    "grant_types_supported": [ //支持的认证类型
        "authorization_code", //授权码模式
        "client_credentials", //客户端密钥模式
        "refresh_token", //刷新token
        "implicit", //隐式流程, 一般用于单页应用javascript客户端
        "password", //用户名密码模式
        "urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:device_code" //设备授权码
    ],
    "response_types_supported": [ //支持的返回类型
        "code", //授权码
        "token", //通行令牌
        "id_token", //身份令牌
        "id_token token", //身份令牌+统通行令牌
        "code id_token", //授权码+身份令牌
        "code token", //授权码+通行令牌
        "code id_token token" //授权码+身份令牌+通行令牌
    ],
    "response_modes_supported": [ //支持的响应方法
        "form_post", //form-post提交
        "query", //get提交
        "fragment" //fragment提交
    ],
    "token_endpoint_auth_methods_supported": [ //发放令牌接口支持的认证方式
        "client_secret_basic", //basic
        "client_secret_post" //post
    ],
    "id_token_signing_alg_values_supported": [ //身份令牌加密算法
        "RS256"
    ],
    "subject_types_supported": [
        "public"
    ],
    "code_challenge_methods_supported": [
        "plain",
        "S256"
    ],
    "request_parameter_supported": true
}

JWK - Json Web Keys

idsv还注入这样一个接口：DiscoveryKeyEndpoint，尝试发现返回了一组密钥。协议内容如下。

https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-jose-json-web-key-41

GET /.well-known/openid-configuration/jwks，返回结果如下

{
    "keys": [
        {
            "kty": "RSA",
            "use": "sig",
            "kid": "LS-EQOr-3BkalkkUVh8q7Q",
            "e": "AQAB",
            "n": "08BLLaTz4JrTYmE4bZ9c7oKVrZKLy3KfGT5mmnslhl41nk_EV_8OUdL8wMXunC2KERdnsy5XYk4aw3LlvxZDIvjxO9PEblPsoap-WErdi9GVyAv-NJ6eJQy3S7FRSkvzQYBsLnCKm5wu0kjdQBVUCFJ7wfiZ9ayY7pH7K10qN2Utvt-qsCLUy0cJ0StuP_rquefp7_XhUw3A8IIA8P6DjfZIbpwrVjOeVWoI_ZKIwfxShghOAKBDLyQuC2PhozsqZ7HvGEeAPm06YPMWQVbE9_LBn2j_Ul_VBUWc9KfBNOzk_BMQHyF2NUlwMtqMUEcwK_hpjEeo62O_aFT8EDkgcQ",
            "alg": "RS256"
        },
        {
            "kty": "RSA",
            "use": "sig",
            "kid": "LS-EQOr-3BkalkkUVh8q7Q",
            "e": "AQAB",
            "n": "08BLLaTz4JrTYmE4bZ9c7oKVrZKLy3KfGT5mmnslhl41nk_EV_8OUdL8wMXunC2KERdnsy5XYk4aw3LlvxZDIvjxO9PEblPsoap-WErdi9GVyAv-NJ6eJQy3S7FRSkvzQYBsLnCKm5wu0kjdQBVUCFJ7wfiZ9ayY7pH7K10qN2Utvt-qsCLUy0cJ0StuP_rquefp7_XhUw3A8IIA8P6DjfZIbpwrVjOeVWoI_ZKIwfxShghOAKBDLyQuC2PhozsqZ7HvGEeAPm06YPMWQVbE9_LBn2j_Ul_VBUWc9KfBNOzk_BMQHyF2NUlwMtqMUEcwK_hpjEeo62O_aFT8EDkgcQ",
            "alg": "RS256"
        }
    ]
}

源码解析

接口地址都在Constants.cs这个文件，ProtocalRoutePaths这个类里面定义的。现在知道为什么接口地址是.well-known/openid-configuration这样奇怪的一个路由了，这是oidc协议定的（对，都是产品的锅）。

oidc服务配置信息接口 - DiscoveryEndpoint

代码很长，但是逻辑很简单，就是组装协议规定的所有地址和信息。

需要注意的支持的claims、支持的scope等信息是遍历所有IdentityResource、ApiResource动态获取的。

基本上每个接口都可以配置是否显示在元数据文档中。

public async Task<IEndpointResult> ProcessAsync(HttpContext context)
{
    _logger.LogTrace("Processing discovery request.");

    // validate HTTP
    if (!HttpMethods.IsGet(context.Request.Method))
    {
        _logger.LogWarning("Discovery endpoint only supports GET requests");
        return new StatusCodeResult(HttpStatusCode.MethodNotAllowed);
    }

    _logger.LogDebug("Start discovery request");

    if (!_options.Endpoints.EnableDiscoveryEndpoint)
    {
        _logger.LogInformation("Discovery endpoint disabled. 404.");
        return new StatusCodeResult(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
    }

    var baseUrl = context.GetIdentityServerBaseUrl().EnsureTrailingSlash();
    var issuerUri = context.GetIdentityServerIssuerUri();

    // generate response
    _logger.LogTrace("Calling into discovery response generator: {type}", _responseGenerator.GetType().FullName);
    var response = await _responseGenerator.CreateDiscoveryDocumentAsync(baseUrl, issuerUri);

    return new DiscoveryDocumentResult(response, _options.Discovery.ResponseCacheInterval);
}

/// <summary>
/// Creates the discovery document.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="baseUrl">The base URL.</param>
/// <param name="issuerUri">The issuer URI.</param>
public virtual async Task<Dictionary<string, object>> CreateDiscoveryDocumentAsync(string baseUrl, string issuerUri)
{
    var entries = new Dictionary<string, object>
    {
        { OidcConstants.Discovery.Issuer, issuerUri }
    };

    // jwks
    if (Options.Discovery.ShowKeySet)
    {
        if ((await Keys.GetValidationKeysAsync()).Any())
        {
            entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.JwksUri, baseUrl + Constants.ProtocolRoutePaths.DiscoveryWebKeys);
        }
    }

    // endpoints
    if (Options.Discovery.ShowEndpoints)
    {
        if (Options.Endpoints.EnableAuthorizeEndpoint)
        {
            entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.AuthorizationEndpoint, baseUrl + Constants.ProtocolRoutePaths.Authorize);
        }

        if (Options.Endpoints.EnableTokenEndpoint)
        {
            entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.TokenEndpoint, baseUrl + Constants.ProtocolRoutePaths.Token);
        }

        if (Options.Endpoints.EnableUserInfoEndpoint)
        {
            entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.UserInfoEndpoint, baseUrl + Constants.ProtocolRoutePaths.UserInfo);
        }

        if (Options.Endpoints.EnableEndSessionEndpoint)
        {
            entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.EndSessionEndpoint, baseUrl + Constants.ProtocolRoutePaths.EndSession);
        }

        if (Options.Endpoints.EnableCheckSessionEndpoint)
        {
            entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.CheckSessionIframe, baseUrl + Constants.ProtocolRoutePaths.CheckSession);
        }

        if (Options.Endpoints.EnableTokenRevocationEndpoint)
        {
            entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.RevocationEndpoint, baseUrl + Constants.ProtocolRoutePaths.Revocation);
        }

        if (Options.Endpoints.EnableIntrospectionEndpoint)
        {
            entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.IntrospectionEndpoint, baseUrl + Constants.ProtocolRoutePaths.Introspection);
        }

        if (Options.Endpoints.EnableDeviceAuthorizationEndpoint)
        {
            entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.DeviceAuthorizationEndpoint, baseUrl + Constants.ProtocolRoutePaths.DeviceAuthorization);
        }

        if (Options.MutualTls.Enabled)
        {
            var mtlsEndpoints = new Dictionary<string, string>();

            if (Options.Endpoints.EnableTokenEndpoint)
            {
                mtlsEndpoints.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.TokenEndpoint, baseUrl + Constants.ProtocolRoutePaths.MtlsToken);
            }
            if (Options.Endpoints.EnableTokenRevocationEndpoint)
            {
                mtlsEndpoints.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.RevocationEndpoint, baseUrl + Constants.ProtocolRoutePaths.MtlsRevocation);
            }
            if (Options.Endpoints.EnableIntrospectionEndpoint)
            {
                mtlsEndpoints.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.IntrospectionEndpoint, baseUrl + Constants.ProtocolRoutePaths.MtlsIntrospection);
            }
            if (Options.Endpoints.EnableDeviceAuthorizationEndpoint)
            {
                mtlsEndpoints.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.DeviceAuthorizationEndpoint, baseUrl + Constants.ProtocolRoutePaths.MtlsDeviceAuthorization);
            }

            if (mtlsEndpoints.Any())
            {
                entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.MtlsEndpointAliases, mtlsEndpoints);
            }
        }
    }

    // logout
    if (Options.Endpoints.EnableEndSessionEndpoint)
    {
        entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.FrontChannelLogoutSupported, true);
        entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.FrontChannelLogoutSessionSupported, true);
        entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.BackChannelLogoutSupported, true);
        entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.BackChannelLogoutSessionSupported, true);
    }

    // scopes and claims
    if (Options.Discovery.ShowIdentityScopes ||
        Options.Discovery.ShowApiScopes ||
        Options.Discovery.ShowClaims)
    {
        var resources = await ResourceStore.GetAllEnabledResourcesAsync();
        var scopes = new List<string>();

        // scopes
        if (Options.Discovery.ShowIdentityScopes)
        {
            scopes.AddRange(resources.IdentityResources.Where(x => x.ShowInDiscoveryDocument).Select(x => x.Name));
        }

        if (Options.Discovery.ShowApiScopes)
        {
            var apiScopes = from api in resources.ApiResources
                            from scope in api.Scopes
                            where scope.ShowInDiscoveryDocument
                            select scope.Name;

            scopes.AddRange(apiScopes);
            scopes.Add(IdentityServerConstants.StandardScopes.OfflineAccess);
        }

        if (scopes.Any())
        {
            entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.ScopesSupported, scopes.ToArray());
        }

        // claims
        if (Options.Discovery.ShowClaims)
        {
            var claims = new List<string>();

            // add non-hidden identity scopes related claims
            claims.AddRange(resources.IdentityResources.Where(x => x.ShowInDiscoveryDocument).SelectMany(x => x.UserClaims));

            // add non-hidden api scopes related claims
            foreach (var resource in resources.ApiResources)
            {
                claims.AddRange(resource.UserClaims);

                foreach (var scope in resource.Scopes)
                {
                    if (scope.ShowInDiscoveryDocument)
                    {
                        claims.AddRange(scope.UserClaims);
                    }
                }
            }

            entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.ClaimsSupported, claims.Distinct().ToArray());
        }
    }

    // grant types
    if (Options.Discovery.ShowGrantTypes)
    {
        var standardGrantTypes = new List<string>
        {
            OidcConstants.GrantTypes.AuthorizationCode,
            OidcConstants.GrantTypes.ClientCredentials,
            OidcConstants.GrantTypes.RefreshToken,
            OidcConstants.GrantTypes.Implicit
        };

        if (!(ResourceOwnerValidator is NotSupportedResourceOwnerPasswordValidator))
        {
            standardGrantTypes.Add(OidcConstants.GrantTypes.Password);
        }

        if (Options.Endpoints.EnableDeviceAuthorizationEndpoint)
        {
            standardGrantTypes.Add(OidcConstants.GrantTypes.DeviceCode);
        }

        var showGrantTypes = new List<string>(standardGrantTypes);

        if (Options.Discovery.ShowExtensionGrantTypes)
        {
            showGrantTypes.AddRange(ExtensionGrants.GetAvailableGrantTypes());
        }

        entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.GrantTypesSupported, showGrantTypes.ToArray());
    }

    // response types
    if (Options.Discovery.ShowResponseTypes)
    {
        entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.ResponseTypesSupported, Constants.SupportedResponseTypes.ToArray());
    }

    // response modes
    if (Options.Discovery.ShowResponseModes)
    {
        entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.ResponseModesSupported, Constants.SupportedResponseModes.ToArray());
    }

    // misc
    if (Options.Discovery.ShowTokenEndpointAuthenticationMethods)
    {
        var types = SecretParsers.GetAvailableAuthenticationMethods().ToList();
        if (Options.MutualTls.Enabled)
        {
            types.Add(OidcConstants.EndpointAuthenticationMethods.TlsClientAuth);
            types.Add(OidcConstants.EndpointAuthenticationMethods.SelfSignedTlsClientAuth);
        }

        entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.TokenEndpointAuthenticationMethodsSupported, types);
    }

    var signingCredentials = await Keys.GetSigningCredentialsAsync();
    if (signingCredentials != null)
    {
        var algorithm = signingCredentials.Algorithm;
        entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.IdTokenSigningAlgorithmsSupported, new[] { algorithm });
    }

    entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.SubjectTypesSupported, new[] { "public" });
    entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.CodeChallengeMethodsSupported, new[] { OidcConstants.CodeChallengeMethods.Plain, OidcConstants.CodeChallengeMethods.Sha256 });

    if (Options.Endpoints.EnableAuthorizeEndpoint)
    {
        entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.RequestParameterSupported, true);

        if (Options.Endpoints.EnableJwtRequestUri)
        {
            entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.RequestUriParameterSupported, true);
        }
    }

    if (Options.MutualTls.Enabled)
    {
        entries.Add(OidcConstants.Discovery.TlsClientCertificateBoundAccessTokens, true);
    }

    // custom entries
    if (!Options.Discovery.CustomEntries.IsNullOrEmpty())
    {
        foreach (var customEntry in Options.Discovery.CustomEntries)
        {
            if (entries.ContainsKey(customEntry.Key))
            {
                Logger.LogError("Discovery custom entry {key} cannot be added, because it already exists.", customEntry.Key);
            }
            else
            {
                if (customEntry.Value is string customValueString)
                {
                    if (customValueString.StartsWith("~/") && Options.Discovery.ExpandRelativePathsInCustomEntries)
                    {
                        entries.Add(customEntry.Key, baseUrl + customValueString.Substring(2));
                        continue;
                    }
                }

                entries.Add(customEntry.Key, customEntry.Value);
            }
        }
    }

    return entries;
}

然后是jwks描述信息的代码。关于加密的信息也是根据配置的SecuritKey去动态返回的。

public virtual async Task<IEnumerable<Models.JsonWebKey>> CreateJwkDocumentAsync()
    {
        var webKeys = new List<Models.JsonWebKey>();

        foreach (var key in await Keys.GetValidationKeysAsync())
        {
            if (key.Key is X509SecurityKey x509Key)
            {
                var cert64 = Convert.ToBase64String(x509Key.Certificate.RawData);
                var thumbprint = Base64Url.Encode(x509Key.Certificate.GetCertHash());

                if (x509Key.PublicKey is RSA rsa)
                {
                    var parameters = rsa.ExportParameters(false);
                    var exponent = Base64Url.Encode(parameters.Exponent);
                    var modulus = Base64Url.Encode(parameters.Modulus);

                    var rsaJsonWebKey = new Models.JsonWebKey
                    {
                        kty = "RSA",
                        use = "sig",
                        kid = x509Key.KeyId,
                        x5t = thumbprint,
                        e = exponent,
                        n = modulus,
                        x5c = new[] { cert64 },
                        alg = key.SigningAlgorithm
                    };
                    webKeys.Add(rsaJsonWebKey);
                }
                else if (x509Key.PublicKey is ECDsa ecdsa)
                {
                    var parameters = ecdsa.ExportParameters(false);
                    var x = Base64Url.Encode(parameters.Q.X);
                    var y = Base64Url.Encode(parameters.Q.Y);

                    var ecdsaJsonWebKey = new Models.JsonWebKey
                    {
                        kty = "EC",
                        use = "sig",
                        kid = x509Key.KeyId,
                        x5t = thumbprint,
                        x = x,
                        y = y,
                        crv = CryptoHelper.GetCrvValueFromCurve(parameters.Curve),
                        x5c = new[] { cert64 },
                        alg = key.SigningAlgorithm
                    };
                    webKeys.Add(ecdsaJsonWebKey);
                }
                else
                {
                    throw new InvalidOperationException($"key type: {x509Key.PublicKey.GetType().Name} not supported.");
                }
            }
            else if (key.Key is RsaSecurityKey rsaKey)
            {
                var parameters = rsaKey.Rsa?.ExportParameters(false) ?? rsaKey.Parameters;
                var exponent = Base64Url.Encode(parameters.Exponent);
                var modulus = Base64Url.Encode(parameters.Modulus);

                var webKey = new Models.JsonWebKey
                {
                    kty = "RSA",
                    use = "sig",
                    kid = rsaKey.KeyId,
                    e = exponent,
                    n = modulus,
                    alg = key.SigningAlgorithm
                };

                webKeys.Add(webKey);
            }
            else if (key.Key is ECDsaSecurityKey ecdsaKey)
            {
                var parameters = ecdsaKey.ECDsa.ExportParameters(false);
                var x = Base64Url.Encode(parameters.Q.X);
                var y = Base64Url.Encode(parameters.Q.Y);

                var ecdsaJsonWebKey = new Models.JsonWebKey
                {
                    kty = "EC",
                    use = "sig",
                    kid = ecdsaKey.KeyId,
                    x = x,
                    y = y,
                    crv = CryptoHelper.GetCrvValueFromCurve(parameters.Curve),
                    alg = key.SigningAlgorithm
                };
                webKeys.Add(ecdsaJsonWebKey);
            }
            else if (key.Key is JsonWebKey jsonWebKey)
            {
                var webKey = new Models.JsonWebKey
                {
                    kty = jsonWebKey.Kty,
                    use = jsonWebKey.Use ?? "sig",
                    kid = jsonWebKey.Kid,
                    x5t = jsonWebKey.X5t,
                    e = jsonWebKey.E,
                    n = jsonWebKey.N,
                    x5c = jsonWebKey.X5c?.Count == 0 ? null : jsonWebKey.X5c.ToArray(),
                    alg = jsonWebKey.Alg,

                    x = jsonWebKey.X,
                    y = jsonWebKey.Y
                };

                webKeys.Add(webKey);
            }
        }

        return webKeys;
    }

结语

这一节还是比较好理解的。总而言之就是oidc协议规定了，需要提供GET接口，返回所有接口的地址，以及相关配置信息。idsv4的实现方式就是接口地址根据协议规定的去拼接，其他配置项信息根据开发的配置去动态获取，然后以协议约定的JSON格式返回。