Python爬虫学习笔记之极限滑动验证码的识别

代码:

 import time
 from io import BytesIO
 from PIL import Image
 from selenium import webdriver
 from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
 from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
 from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
 from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

 EMAIL = '' # 邮箱 密码需要自己注册
 PASSWORD = ''
 BORDER = 6
 INIT_LEFT = 60

 class CrackGeetest():
     def __init__(self):
         self.url = 'https://account.geetest.com/login'
         self.browser = webdriver.Chrome()
         self.wait = WebDriverWait(self.browser, 20)
         self.email = EMAIL
         self.password = PASSWORD

     def __del__(self):
         self.browser.close()

     def get_geetest_button(self):
         """
         获取初始验证按钮
         :return:
         """
         button = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_radar_tip')))
         return button

     def get_position(self):
         """
         获取验证码位置
         :return: 验证码位置元组
         """
         img = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_canvas_img')))
         time.sleep(2)
         location = img.location
         size = img.size
         top, bottom, left, right = location['y'], location['y'] + size['height'], location['x'], location['x'] + size[
             'width']
         return (top, bottom, left, right)

     def get_screenshot(self):
         """
         获取网页截图
         :return: 截图对象
         """
         screenshot = self.browser.get_screenshot_as_png()
         screenshot = Image.open(BytesIO(screenshot))
         return screenshot

     def get_slider(self):
         """
         获取滑块
         :return: 滑块对象
         """
         slider = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_slider_button')))
         return slider

     def get_geetest_image(self, name='captcha.png'):
         """
         获取验证码图片
         :return: 图片对象
         """
         top, bottom, left, right = self.get_position()
         print('验证码位置', top, bottom, left, right)
         screenshot = self.get_screenshot()
         captcha = screenshot.crop((left, top, right, bottom))
         captcha.save(name)
         return captcha

     def open(self):
         """
         打开网页输入用户名密码
         :return: None
         """
         self.browser.get(self.url)
         email = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, 'email')))
         password = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, 'password')))
         email.send_keys(self.email)
         password.send_keys(self.password)

     def get_gap(self, image1, image2):
         """
         获取缺口偏移量
         :param image1: 不带缺口图片
         :param image2: 带缺口图片
         :return:
         """
         left = 60
         for i in range(left, image1.size[0]):
             for j in range(image1.size[1]):
                 if not self.is_pixel_equal(image1, image2, i, j):
                     left = i
                     return left
         return left

     def is_pixel_equal(self, image1, image2, x, y):
         """
         判断两个像素是否相同
         :param image1: 图片1
         :param image2: 图片2
         :param x: 位置x
         :param y: 位置y
         :return: 像素是否相同
         """
         # 取两个图片的像素点
         pixel1 = image1.load()[x, y]
         pixel2 = image2.load()[x, y]
         threshold = 60
         if abs(pixel1[0] - pixel2[0]) < threshold and abs(pixel1[1] - pixel2[1]) < threshold and abs(
                 pixel1[2] - pixel2[2]) < threshold:
             return True
         else:
             return False

     def get_track(self, distance):
         """
         根据偏移量获取移动轨迹
         :param distance: 偏移量
         :return: 移动轨迹
         """
         # 移动轨迹
         track = []
         # 当前位移
         current = 0
         # 减速阈值
         mid = distance * 4 / 5
         # 计算间隔
         t = 0.2
         # 初速度
         v = 0

         while current < distance:
             if current < mid:
                 # 加速度为正2
                 a = 2
             else:
                 # 加速度为负3
                 a = -3
             # 初速度v0
             v0 = v
             # 当前速度v = v0 + at
             v = v0 + a * t
             # 移动距离x = v0t + 1/2 * a * t^2
             move = v0 * t + 1 / 2 * a * t * t
             # 当前位移
             current += move
             # 加入轨迹
             track.append(round(move))
         return track

     def move_to_gap(self, slider, track):
         """
         拖动滑块到缺口处
         :param slider: 滑块
         :param track: 轨迹
         :return:
         """
         ActionChains(self.browser).click_and_hold(slider).perform()
         for x in track:
             ActionChains(self.browser).move_by_offset(xoffset=x, yoffset=0).perform()
         time.sleep(0.5)
         ActionChains(self.browser).release().perform()

     def login(self):
         """
         登录
         :return: None
         """
         submit = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, 'login-btn')))
         submit.click()
         time.sleep(10)
         print('登录成功')

     def crack(self):
         # 输入用户名密码
         self.open()
         # 点击验证按钮
         button = self.get_geetest_button()
         button.click()
         # 获取验证码图片
         image1 = self.get_geetest_image('captcha1.png')
         # 点按呼出缺口
         slider = self.get_slider()
         slider.click()
         # 获取带缺口的验证码图片
         image2 = self.get_geetest_image('captcha2.png')
         # 获取缺口位置
         gap = self.get_gap(image1, image2)
         print('缺口位置', gap)
         # 减去缺口位移
         gap -= BORDER
         # 获取移动轨迹
         track = self.get_track(gap)
         print('滑动轨迹', track)
         # 拖动滑块
         self.move_to_gap(slider, track)

         success = self.wait.until(
             EC.text_to_be_present_in_element((By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_success_radar_tip_content'), '验证成功'))
         print(success)

         # 失败后重试
         if not success:
             self.crack()
         else:
             self.login()

 if __name__ == '__main__':
     crack = CrackGeetest()
     crack.crack()