OceanBase初体验之Docker快速部署试用环境

前置条件

准备好一台安装了 Docker 的 Linux 服务器，确保能够连接到 Docker Hub 仓库。

执行以下命令拉取最新的 OceanBase 镜像：

docker pull oceanbase/oceanbase-ce

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                          TAG                            IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
oceanbase/oceanbase-ce              latest                         92e357628ff3   8 days ago      652MB

启动 OceanBase 实例

创建一个用户存储容器数据的目录，在启动容器时映射到容器中。

执行 docker run命令启动 OceanBase 实例：

[root@localhost ~]# su - ob
[ob@localhost ~]$ mkdir docker-mount
[ob@localhost ~]$ sudo docker run -p 2881:2881 -v $PWD/docker-mount:/root/ob --name oceanbase-ce -e MODE=mini -d oceanbase/oceanbase-ce
2d5eb079940876e27947372f8f529fdb30ffd6935c4936d895e0f3ba83590935

[ob@localhost ~]$ sudo docker ps -a | grep oceanbase-ce
2d5eb0799408   oceanbase/oceanbase-ce                            "/bin/sh -c _boot"       2 minutes ago   Up 2 minutes                0.0.0.0:2881->2881/tcp                             oceanbase-ce

容器的环境变量参数说明可参考官方文档：https://hub.docker.com/r/oceanbase/oceanbase-ce

容器启动后到服务准备就绪需要1-2分钟的时间，我们可以通过容器日志检查启动进度，当最后一行打印boot success即表示服务启动成功，整个部署过程还是非常简单的。

[ob@localhost ~]$ sudo docker logs oceanbase-ce | tail -1
Connect to observer ok
[ob@localhost ~]$ sudo docker logs oceanbase-ce | tail -1
Connect to observer ok
... ...
[ob@localhost ~]$ sudo docker logs oceanbase-ce | tail -1
boot success!

OceanBase 初体验

OceanBase 的 Docker 镜像内置了一个客户端连接工具叫ob-mysql，可以直接使用这个工具连接到数据库中，比如使用root用户连接到test租户：

[ob@localhost ~]$ sudo docker exec -it oceanbase-ce ob-mysql root
login as root@test
Command is: obclient -h127.1 -uroot@test -A -Doceanbase -P2881
Welcome to the OceanBase.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your OceanBase connection id is 3221501946
Server version: OceanBase_CE 4.2.2.0 (r100010012024022719-c984fe7cb7a4cef85a40323a0d073f0c9b7b8235) (Built Feb 27 2024 19:20:54)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, OceanBase and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

obclient [oceanbase]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| oceanbase          |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.056 sec)

从打印的信息中可以看到这个工具实际是封装了obclient，这是 OceanBase 官方提供的一个客户端连接工具。

当然也可以使用 mysql 客户端来连接（这里要注意用户名的格式是：用户名@租户名）：

[ob@localhost ~]$ mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P2881 -uroot@test
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3221553752
Server version: 5.7.25 OceanBase_CE 4.2.2.0 (r100010012024022719-c984fe7cb7a4cef85a40323a0d073f0c9b7b8235) (Built Feb 27 2024 19:20:54)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| oceanbase          |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

除了连接工具，Docker 镜像也包含 OceanBase 自己的集群运维工具 obd，我们可以使用如下方式来操作集群：

[ob@localhost ~]$ sudo docker exec -it oceanbase-ce obd
You need to give some commands.

Try `obd --help` for more information.
Usage: obd <command> [options]

Available commands:

cluster        Deploy and manage a cluster.

demo           Quickly start

devmode        Developer mode switch

display-trace  display trace_id log.

env            Environment variables for OBD

mirror         Manage a component repository for OBD.

obdiag         Oceanbase Diagnostic Tool

repo           Manage local repository for OBD.

telemetry      Telemetry for OB-Deploy.By default, OBD telemetry is enabled. To disable OBD telemetry, run the `obd env set TELEMETRY_MODE 0` command. To enable OBD telemetry data printing, run `obd env set TELEMETRY_LOG_MODE 1`.

test           Run test for a running deployment.

tool           Tools

update         Update OBD.

web            Start obd deploy application as web.

Options:
  --version      show program's version number and exit
  -h, --help     Show help and exit.
  -v, --verbose  Activate verbose output.

obd cluster list 可以查看部署了哪些 OceanBase 集群，obd cluster display可以查看指定集群的拓扑结构。

对于刚才使用 Docker 部署的集群，里面启动了两个组件：observer 和 obagent。

[ob@localhost ~]$ sudo docker exec -it oceanbase-ce obd cluster list
+------------------------------------------------------------+
|                        Cluster List                        |
+-----------+------------------------------+-----------------+
| Name      | Configuration Path           | Status (Cached) |
+-----------+------------------------------+-----------------+
| obcluster | /root/.obd/cluster/obcluster | running         |
+-----------+------------------------------+-----------------+
Trace ID: 77ea24f4-e0e0-11ee-87c4-0242ac110003
If you want to view detailed obd logs, please run: obd display-trace 77ea24f4-e0e0-11ee-87c4-0242ac110003

[ob@localhost ~]$ sudo docker exec -it oceanbase-ce obd cluster display obcluster
Get local repositories and plugins ok
Open ssh connection ok
Cluster status check ok
Connect to observer 127.0.0.1:2881 ok
Wait for observer init ok
+---------------------------------------------+
|                   observer                  |
+-----------+---------+------+-------+--------+
| ip        | version | port | zone  | status |
+-----------+---------+------+-------+--------+
| 127.0.0.1 | 4.2.2.0 | 2881 | zone1 | ACTIVE |
+-----------+---------+------+-------+--------+
obclient -h127.0.0.1 -P2881 -uroot -Doceanbase -A

Connect to Obagent ok
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
|                            obagent                            |
+------------+--------------------+--------------------+--------+
| ip         | mgragent_http_port | monagent_http_port | status |
+------------+--------------------+--------------------+--------+
| 172.17.0.3 | 8089               | 8088               | active |
+------------+--------------------+--------------------+--------+
Trace ID: ba22c2cc-e0e0-11ee-8585-0242ac110003
If you want to view detailed obd logs, please run: obd display-trace ba22c2cc-e0e0-11ee-8585-0242ac110003

OceanBase 的数据操作

OceanBase 采用了多租户设计，通过资源进行物理资源、逻辑结构上的隔离，因此在操作 OceanBase 前必须要指定一个具体的租户。

创建租户前，需首先确定租户的资源配置、使用资源范围等。租户创建的通用流程如下：

• 创建资源配置
• 创建资源池
• 创建租户

创建资源池前最好检查下节点剩余资源（CPU、内存、磁盘）是否能够支撑你的配置，要不然会创建失败报错，检查方式如下：

# 创建资源配置
obclient [oceanbase]> CREATE RESOURCE UNIT uc1 MAX_CPU 1, MEMORY_SIZE '2G', LOG_DISK_SIZE '2G';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.029 sec)
# 创建资源池
obclient [oceanbase]> CREATE RESOURCE POOL rp1 UNIT 'uc1', UNIT_NUM 1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.026 sec)
# 创建租户
obclient [oceanbase]> CREATE TENANT tt resource_pool_list=('rp1')  set ob_tcp_invited_nodes = '%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (25.628 sec)

值得注意的是，只有 root@sys 用户拥有创建租户的权限。

在 OceanBase 的用户体系中，用户名@租户名才是一个完整的身份标识，所有在使用用户的地方都要用这种格式。

现在登录到新创建的租户中：

[ob@localhost ~]$ mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P2881 -uroot@tt
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3221688400
Server version: 5.7.25 OceanBase_CE 4.2.2.0 (r100010012024022719-c984fe7cb7a4cef85a40323a0d073f0c9b7b8235) (Built Feb 27 2024 19:20:54)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| oceanbase          |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> create database tt_db1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> use tt_db1;
Database changed

mysql> create table t1(id int primary key,name varchar(50),dt datetime);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;
Empty set (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into t1 values(1,'aaa',now());
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;
+----+------+---------------------+
| id | name | dt                  |
+----+------+---------------------+
|  1 | aaa  | 2024-03-13 14:27:02 |
+----+------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

租户里面就可以做一些常规的数据对象管理和数据操作了，与使用mysql并没有区别。

后续探索 OceanBase 更多有趣的玩法。