Python学习笔记组织文件之将美国风格日期的文件改名为欧洲风格的日期

随笔记录方便自己和同路人查阅。

#------------------------------------------------我是可耻的分割线-------------------------------------------

　　假定你的老板用电子邮件发给你上千个文件，文件名包含美国风格的日期（MM-DD-YYYY），需要将它们改名为欧洲风格的日期（DD-MM-YYYY）。手工 完

成这个无聊的任务可能需要几天时间！让我们写一个程序来完成它。

#------------------------------------------------我是可耻的分割线-------------------------------------------

　　示例代码： 

#! python3
# renameDates.py - Renames filenames with American MM-DD-YYYY date format
# to European DD-MM-YYYY.

import shutil, os, re

# Create a regex that matches files with the American date format.
datePattern = re.compile(r"""^(.*?) # all text before the date
    ((0|1)?\d)- # one or two digits for the month
    ((0|1|2|3)?\d)- # one or two digits for the day
    ((19|20)\d\d) # four digits for the year (must start with 19 or 20)
    (.*?)$ # all text after the date
    """, re.VERBOSE)

# Loop over the files in the working directory.
for amerFilename in os.listdir('.'):
    mo = datePattern.search(amerFilename)

    # Skip files without a date.
    if mo == None:
        continue

    # Get the different parts of the filename.
    beforePart = mo.group(1)
    monthPart  = mo.group(2)
    dayPart    = mo.group(4)
    yearPart   = mo.group(6)
    afterPart  = mo.group(8)

    # Form the European-style filename.
    euroFilename = beforePart + dayPart + '-' + monthPart + '-' + yearPart + afterPart

    # Get the full, absolute file paths.
    absWorkingDir = os.path.abspath('.')
    amerFilename = os.path.join(absWorkingDir, amerFilename)
    euroFilename = os.path.join(absWorkingDir, euroFilename)

    # Rename the files.
    print('Renaming "%s" to "%s"...' % (amerFilename, euroFilename))
    #shutil.move(amerFilename, euroFilename) # uncomment after testing

　　运行结果：

　　代码把更改文件的操作注释了，换位了打印效果。如果要使用该功能需要把最后一行的注释去掉。