Leetcode:Repeated DNA Sequences详细题解
题目
All DNA is composed of a series of nucleotides abbreviated as A, C, G, and T, for example: "ACGAATTCCG". When studying DNA, it is sometimes useful to identify repeated sequences within the DNA.
Write a function to find all the 10-letter-long sequences (substrings) that occur more than once in a DNA molecule.
原题链接:https://oj.leetcode.com/problems/repeated-dna-sequences/
straight-forward method(TLE)
算法分析
直接字符串匹配;设计next数组,存字符串中每个字母在其中后续出现的位置;遍历时以next数组为起始。
简化考虑长度为4的字符串
case1:
src A C G T A C G T
next [4] [5] [6] [7] [-1] [-1] [-1] [-1]
那么匹配ACGT字符串的过程,匹配next[0]之后的3位字符即可
case2:
src A C G T A A C G T
next [4] [5] [6] [7] [5] [-1] [-1] [-1] [-1]
多个A字符后继,那么需要匹配所有后继,匹配next[0]不符合之后,还要匹配next[next[0]]
case3:
src A A A A A A
next [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [-1]
重复的情况,在next[0]匹配成功时,可以把next[next[0]]置为-1,即以next[0]开始的长度为4的字符串已经成功匹配过了,无需再次匹配了;当然这么做只能减少重复的情况,并不能消除重复,因此仍需要使用一个set存储匹配成功的结果,方便去重
时间复杂度
构造next数组的复杂度O(n^2),遍历的复杂度O(n^2);总时间复杂度O(n^2)
代码实现
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <set> class Solution {
public:
std::vector<std::string> findRepeatedDnaSequences(std::string s); ~Solution(); private:
std::size_t* next;
}; std::vector<std::string> Solution::findRepeatedDnaSequences(std::string s) {
std::vector<std::string> rel; if (s.length() <= ) {
return rel;
} next = new std::size_t[s.length()]; // cal next array
for (int pos = ; pos < s.length(); ++pos) {
next[pos] = s.find_first_of(s[pos], pos + );
} std::set<std::string> tmpRel; for (int pos = ; pos < s.length(); ++pos) {
std::size_t nextPos = next[pos];
while (nextPos != std::string::npos) {
int ic = pos;
int in = nextPos;
int count = ;
while (in != s.length() && count < && s[++ic] == s[++in]) {
++count;
}
if (count == ) {
tmpRel.insert(s.substr(pos, ));
next[nextPos] = std::string::npos;
}
nextPos = next[nextPos];
}
} for (auto itr = tmpRel.begin(); itr != tmpRel.end(); ++itr) {
rel.push_back(*itr);
} return rel;
} Solution::~Solution() {
delete [] next;
}
hash table plus bit manipulation method
(view the Show Tags and Runtime 10ms !)
算法分析
首先考虑将ACGT进行二进制编码
A -> 00
C -> 01
G -> 10
T -> 11
在编码的情况下,每10位字符串的组合即为一个数字,且10位的字符串有20位;一般来说int有4个字节,32位,即可以用于对应一个10位的字符串。例如
ACGTACGTAC -> 00011011000110110001
AAAAAAAAAA -> 00000000000000000000
20位的二进制数,至多有2^20种组合,因此hash table的大小为2^20,即1024 * 1024,将hash table设计为bool hashTable[1024 * 1024];
遍历字符串的设计
每次向右移动1位字符,相当于字符串对应的int值左移2位,再将其最低2位置为新的字符的编码值,最后将高2位置0。例如
src CAAAAAAAAAC
subStr CAAAAAAAAA
int 0100000000
subStr AAAAAAAAAC
int 0000000001
时间复杂度
字符串遍历O(n),hash tableO(1);总时间复杂度O(n)
代码实现
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <cstring> bool hashMap[*]; class Solution {
public:
std::vector<std::string> findRepeatedDnaSequences(std::string s);
}; std::vector<std::string> Solution::findRepeatedDnaSequences(std::string s) {
std::vector<std::string> rel;
if (s.length() <= ) {
return rel;
} // map char to code
unsigned char convert[];
convert[] = ; // 'A' - 'A' 00
convert[] = ; // 'C' - 'A' 01
convert[] = ; // 'G' - 'A' 10
convert[] = ; // 'T' - 'A' 11 // initial process
// as ten length string
memset(hashMap, false, sizeof(hashMap)); int hashValue = ; for (int pos = ; pos < ; ++pos) {
hashValue <<= ;
hashValue |= convert[s[pos] - 'A'];
} hashMap[hashValue] = true; std::unordered_set<int> strHashValue; //
for (int pos = ; pos < s.length(); ++pos) {
hashValue <<= ;
hashValue |= convert[s[pos] - 'A'];
hashValue &= ~(0x300000); if (hashMap[hashValue]) {
if (strHashValue.find(hashValue) == strHashValue.end()) {
rel.push_back(s.substr(pos - , ));
strHashValue.insert(hashValue);
}
} else {
hashMap[hashValue] = true;
}
} return rel;
}
Leetcode:Repeated DNA Sequences详细题解的更多相关文章
- [LeetCode] Repeated DNA Sequences 求重复的DNA序列
All DNA is composed of a series of nucleotides abbreviated as A, C, G, and T, for example: "ACG ...
- [Leetcode] Repeated DNA Sequences
All DNA is composed of a series of nucleotides abbreviated as A, C, G, and T, for example: "ACG ...
- LeetCode() Repeated DNA Sequences 看的非常的过瘾!
All DNA is composed of a series of nucleotides abbreviated as A, C, G, and T, for example: "ACG ...
- [LeetCode] Repeated DNA Sequences hash map
All DNA is composed of a series of nucleotides abbreviated as A, C, G, and T, for example: "ACG ...
- lc面试准备:Repeated DNA Sequences
1 题目 All DNA is composed of a series of nucleotides abbreviated as A, C, G, and T, for example: &quo ...
- LeetCode 187. 重复的DNA序列(Repeated DNA Sequences)
187. 重复的DNA序列 187. Repeated DNA Sequences 题目描述 All DNA is composed of a series of nucleotides abbrev ...
- 【LeetCode】Repeated DNA Sequences 解题报告
[题目] All DNA is composed of a series of nucleotides abbreviated as A, C, G, and T, for example: &quo ...
- [LeetCode] 187. Repeated DNA Sequences 求重复的DNA序列
All DNA is composed of a series of nucleotides abbreviated as A, C, G, and T, for example: "ACG ...
- 【LeetCode】187. Repeated DNA Sequences 解题报告(Python)
作者: 负雪明烛 id: fuxuemingzhu 个人博客: http://fuxuemingzhu.cn/ 题目地址: https://leetcode.com/problems/repeated ...
随机推荐
- 《Java并发编程实战》第六章 任务运行 读书笔记
一. 在线程中运行任务 无限制创建线程的不足 .线程生命周期的开销很高 .资源消耗 .稳定性 二.Executor框架 Executor基于生产者-消费者模式.提交任务的操作相当于生产者.运行任务的线 ...
- MVCC
http://blog.chinaunix.net/xmlrpc.php?id=3886838&r=blog/article&uid=26664667
- TCP/IP(84) 详解
http://blog.csdn.net/zhangskd/article/category/873810
- exit与return区别
1. exit用于结束正在运行的整个程序,它将参数返回给OS,把控制权交给操作系统:而return 是退出当前函数,返回函数值,把控制权交给调用函数.2. exit是系统调用级别,它表示一个进程的结束 ...
- SQLite的 SQL语法总结
SQLite库可以解析大部分标准SQL语言.但它也省去了一些特性并且加入了一些自己的新特性.这篇文档就是试图描述那些SQLite支持/不支持的SQL语法的.查看关键字列表. 如下语法表格中,纯文本用蓝 ...
- jad批量反编译class和jadeclipse集成到eclipse的设置方法
安装jad配置 1.从http://varaneckas.com/jad/下载windows版本的jad.exe 2.安装完毕后配置jad的系统环境变量 批量解压jar和class文件 1.使用7zi ...
- HTML select 操作
今天遇到一个问题,就是想设置select的默认选择项.但是试了很多方法都不行: <fieldset data-role="contractstatus"> <la ...
- 9.30 noip模拟试题
时限均为1s,内存 256MB 1.某种密码(password.*) 关于某种密码有如下描述:某种密码的原文A是由N个数字组成,而密文B是一个长度为N的01数串,原文和密文的关联在于一个钥匙码KEY. ...
- HTML5小游戏源码收藏
html5魅族创意的贪食蛇游戏源码下载 html5网页版打砖块小游戏源码下载 html5 3D立体魔方小游戏源码下载 html5网页版飞机躲避游戏源码下载 html5三国人物连连看游戏源码下载 js ...
- Unity3D 相机跟随主角移动
这里给主相机绑定一个脚本. 脚本写为: using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class camerafollow : MonoBeh ...