Python之路第十二天，高级(6)-paramiko

paramiko

一、安装

pip3 install paramiko

二、使用

SSHClient

用于连接远程服务器并执行基本命令

1. 基于用户和密码链接

import paramiko

# 创建SSH对象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

# 连接服务器
ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.224.136', port=22, username='zhangxunan', password='123456')

# 执行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('ls')

# 获取命令结果
result = stdout.read().decode()
print(result)

# 关闭连接
ssh.close()

SSHClient封装transport

import paramiko

transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.224.136', 22))
transport.connect(username='zhangxunan', password='123456')

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh._transport = transport

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
print(stdout.read().decode())

transport.close()

基于公钥密钥连接：

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/zhangxunan/.ssh/id_rsa')

# 创建SSH对象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 连接服务器
ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.224.137', port=22, username='zhangxunan', key=private_key)

# 执行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
# 获取命令结果
result = stdout.read().decode()

# 关闭连接
ssh.close()

SSHClient封装transport

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/zhangxunan/.ssh/id_rsa')

transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22))
transport.connect(username='zhangxunan', pkey=private_key)

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh._transport = transport

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')

transport.close()

SFTPClient

用于连接远程服务器并执行上传下载:

基于用户名密码上传下载：

import paramiko

transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.224.136',22))
transport.connect(username='zhangxunan',password='123456')

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)

# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
sftp.put('/tmp/location.py', '/tmp/test.py')

# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path
sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')

transport.close()

基于公钥密钥上传下载：

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/zhangxunan/.ssh/id_rsa')

transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.224.137', 22))
transport.connect(username='zhangxunan', pkey=private_key )

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
sftp.put('/tmp/location.py', '/tmp/test.py')
# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path
sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')

transport.close()

例子：

多线程执行批量主机执行命令

import threading
import paramiko
class Anstack(object):
    def __init__(self,host,cmd):
        #host为变量
        self.host = host
        self.cmd = cmd
        self.port = 22
        self.username = 'root'
        self.pwd = '123456'
        self.run()
    def run(self):
        #执行方法
        self.connect()
        self._cmd()
        self.close()
    def connect(self):
        #链接方法
        transport = paramiko.Transport((self.host,self.port))
        transport.connect(username=self.username,password=self.pwd)
        self.__transport = transport
    def close(self):
        #关闭方法
        self.__transport.close()
    def _cmd(self):
        ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
        ssh._transport = self.__transport
        # 执行命令
        stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(self.cmd)
        # 获取命令结果
        result = stdout.read()
        print(result)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    args = ['192.168.1.1','192.168.1.2','192.168.1.3','192.168.1.4']
    cmd = input('您要执行的命令')
    for i in args:
        Execcmd = threading.Thread(target=Anstack, args=(i,cmd,))
        Execcmd.start()