CentOS6.7上安装nginx1.8.0

主题：
	CentOS6.7上安装nginx1.8.0

环境准备：
	1.gcc-c++
		示例：yum install gcc-c++
		安装：gcc-c++
		gcc-c++编译工具

	2.PCRE(Perl Compatible Regular Expressions)
		示例：yum install -y pcre pcre-devel
		安装：pcre和pcre-devel

		PCRE(Perl Compatible Regular Expressions)是一个 Perl 库，包括 perl 兼容的正则表达式库。nginx 的 http 模块使用 pcre 来解析正则表达式，所以需要在 linux 上安装 pcre 库。pcre-devel 是使用 pcre 开发的一个二次开发库。nginx 也需要此库。

	3.zlib
		示例：yum install -y zlib zlib-devel
		安装：zlib和zlib-devel

	4.OpenSSL
		示例：yum install -y openssl openssl-devel
		安装：openssl和openssl-devel

		OpenSSL是一个强大的安全套接字层密码库，囊括主要的密码算法、常用的密钥和证书封装管理功能及 SSL 协议，并提供丰富的应用程序供测试或其它目的使用。nginx 不仅支持 http 协议，还支持 https（即在 ssl 协议上传输 http），所以需要在 linux安装 openssl 库

安装步骤：
	在nginx解压目录中，./configure&make&make install

	压缩包存放：
		/root/develop/
	解压目录：
		/root/develop/nginx-1.8.0

[root@heima01 nginx-1.8.0]# pwd
/root/develop/nginx-1.8.0
[root@heima01 nginx-1.8.0]# ls
auto  CHANGES  CHANGES.ru  conf  configure  contrib  html  LICENSE  Makefile  man  objs  README  src

配置帮助：
	1.help方式
		示例：# ./configure --help
	2.info方式
		示例：# info configure

help方式：
[root@heima01 nginx-1.8.0]# ./configure --help

  --help                             print this message

  --prefix=PATH                      set installation prefix
  --sbin-path=PATH                   set nginx binary pathname
  --conf-path=PATH                   set nginx.conf pathname
  --error-log-path=PATH              set error log pathname
  --pid-path=PATH                    set nginx.pid pathname
  --lock-path=PATH                   set nginx.lock pathname

  --user=USER                        set non-privileged user for
                                     worker processes
  --group=GROUP                      set non-privileged group for
                                     worker processes

  --build=NAME                       set build name
  --builddir=DIR                     set build directory

info方式：
[root@heima01 /]# info configure

File: configure.info,  Node: Top,  Next: Introduction,  Up: (dir)

GNU configure and build system
******************************

The GNU configure and build system.

* Menu:

* Introduction::                Introduction.
* Getting Started::             Getting Started.
* Files::                       Files.
* Configuration Names::         Configuration Names.
* Cross Compilation Tools::     Cross Compilation Tools.
* Canadian Cross::              Canadian Cross.
* Cygnus Configure::            Cygnus Configure.
* Multilibs::                   Multilibs.
* FAQ::                         Frequently Asked Questions.
* Index::                       Index.

configure参数：
./configure \
--prefix=/usr \                                                        指向安装目录
--sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \                                 指向（执行）程序文件（nginx）
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \                      指向配置文件
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \              指向log
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \            指向http-log
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \                      指向pid
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \                         （安装文件锁定，防止安装文件被别人利用，或自己误操作。）
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module \                      启用ngx_http_ssl_module支持（使支持https请求，需已安装openssl）
--with-http_flv_module \                       启用ngx_http_flv_module支持（提供寻求内存使用基于时间的偏移量文件）
--with-http_stub_status_module \     启用ngx_http_stub_status_module支持（获取nginx自上次启动以来的工作状态）
--with-http_gzip_static_module \   启用ngx_http_gzip_static_module支持（在线实时压缩输出数据流）
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \ 设定http客户端请求临时文件路径
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \ 设定http代理临时文件路径
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \ 设定http fastcgi临时文件路径
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \ 设定http uwsgi临时文件路径
--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \ 设定http scgi临时文件路径
--with-pcre 启用pcre库

实际使用的configure参数：
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/client \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/proxy \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/fastcgi \
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/uwsgi \
--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/scgi

问题：
	描述：系统需要安装PCRE library
	方案：安装pcre-devel
./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module
option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option.

[root@heima01 nginx-1.8.0]# yum search pcre
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.cn99.com
 * updates: mirrors.163.com
================================================================================ N/S Matched: pcre =================================================================================
pcre-devel.i686 : Development files for pcre
pcre-static.i686 : Static library for pcre
pcre.i686 : Perl-compatible regular expression library

[root@heima01 nginx-1.8.0]# yum install pcre-devel.i686
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.cn99.com
 * updates: mirrors.163.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package pcre-devel.i686 0:7.8-7.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

问题：
	描述：HTTP gizp模块需要zlib库
	方案：安装zlib-devel
./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_gzip_module
option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-zlib=<path> option.

[root@heima01 nginx-1.8.0]# yum list installed | grep zlib
zlib.i686                1.2.3-29.el6     @anaconda-CentOS-201508042139.i386/6.7

搜索zlib-devel包：
[root@heima01 nginx-1.8.0]# yum search zlib
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.cn99.com
 * updates: mirrors.163.com
================================================================================ N/S Matched: zlib =================================================================================
jzlib.i686 : JZlib re-implementation of zlib in pure Java
jzlib-demo.i686 : Examples for jzlib
jzlib-javadoc.i686 : Javadoc for jzlib
perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.i686 : Low-Level Interface to the zlib compression library
perl-Compress-Zlib.i686 : A module providing Perl interfaces to the zlib compression library
perl-IO-Zlib.i686 : Perl IO:: style interface to Compress::Zlib
zlib.i686 : The zlib compression and decompression library
zlib-devel.i686 : Header files and libraries for Zlib development
zlib-static.i686 : Static libraries for Zlib development
perl-IO-Compress-Zlib.i686 : Perl interface to allow reading and writing of gzip and zip data

安装zlib-devel包：
[root@heima01 nginx-1.8.0]# yum install -y zlib-devel.i686
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.cn99.com
 * updates: mirrors.163.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package zlib-devel.i686 0:1.2.3-29.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

查看是否安装了zlib-devel包：
[root@heima01 nginx-1.8.0]# yum list installed | grep zlib
Existing lock /var/run/yum.pid: another copy is running as pid 6999.
Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...
  The other application is: PackageKit
    Memory :  25 M RSS ( 72 MB VSZ)
    Started: Wed May 29 05:29:04 2019 - 00:06 ago
    State  : Sleeping, pid: 6999
zlib.i686                1.2.3-29.el6     @anaconda-CentOS-201508042139.i386/6.7
zlib-devel.i686          1.2.3-29.el6     @base

./configure执行结果：
Configuration summary
  + using system PCRE library
  + OpenSSL library is not used
  + using builtin md5 code
  + sha1 library is not found
  + using system zlib library

  nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
  nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
  nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
  nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
  nginx pid file: "/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid"
  nginx error log file: "/var/log/nginx/error.log"
  nginx http access log file: "/var/log/nginx/access.log"
  nginx http client request body temporary files: "/var/temp/nginx/client"
  nginx http proxy temporary files: "/var/temp/nginx/proxy"
  nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "/var/temp/nginx/fastcgi"
  nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "/var/temp/nginx/uwsgi"
  nginx http scgi temporary files: "/var/temp/nginx/scgi"

[root@heima01 sbin]# ./nginx
nginx: [emerg] mkdir() "/var/temp/nginx/client" failed (2: No such file or directory)

执行命令目录为：
	/usr/local/nginx/sbin

启动nginx：
[root@heima01 ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/
[root@heima01 nginx]# ls
conf  html  sbin
[root@heima01 nginx]# cd sbin
[root@heima01 sbin]# ls
nginx
[root@heima01 sbin]# ./nginx

启动后查看进程：
	示例：# ps aux | grep nginx
[root@heima01 nginx-1.8.0]# ps aux | grep nginx
root      3000  0.0  0.0   3200   524 ?        Ss   04:45   0:00 nginx: master process ./nginx
nobody    3001  0.0  0.1   3404  1184 ?        S    04:45   0:00 nginx: worker process
root      3230  0.0  0.0   4420   760 pts/2    S+   05:14   0:00 grep nginx

查看防火墙过滤规则：
	示例：# service iptables status

[root@heima01 nginx-1.8.0]# service iptables status
Table: filter
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
num  target     prot opt source               destination
1    ACCEPT     tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           tcp dpt:80
2    ACCEPT     tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           tcp dpt:8080
3    ACCEPT     tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           tcp dpt:3306
4    ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
5    ACCEPT     icmp --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0
6    ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0
7    ACCEPT     tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           state NEW tcp dpt:22
8    REJECT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

查看网络监听：
	示例：# netstat -ntlp

[root@heima01 nginx-1.8.0]# netstat -ntlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1585/rpcbind
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      3000/nginx
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:43315               0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1642/rpc.statd
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1832/sshd
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631               0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1681/cupsd
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6010              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      2746/sshd
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6011              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      2970/sshd
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005       :::*                        LISTEN      2797/java
tcp        0      0 :::8009                     :::*                        LISTEN      2797/java
tcp        0      0 :::3306                     :::*                        LISTEN      1990/mysqld
tcp        0      0 :::111                      :::*                        LISTEN      1585/rpcbind
tcp        0      0 :::8080                     :::*                        LISTEN      2797/java
tcp        0      0 :::22                       :::*                        LISTEN      1832/sshd
tcp        0      0 ::1:631                     :::*                        LISTEN      1681/cupsd
tcp        0      0 ::1:6010                    :::*                        LISTEN      2746/sshd
tcp        0      0 ::1:6011                    :::*                        LISTEN      2970/sshd
tcp        0      0 :::49662                    :::*                        LISTEN      1642/rpc.statd 

关闭nginx：
	方式1：./nginx -s stop
	方式2：./nginx -s quit

	错误示例：
[root@heima01 sbin]# ./nginx -s exit
nginx: invalid option: "-s exit"

重启nginx:
	示例：./nginx -s reload

执行命令目录为：
	/usr/local/nginx/sbin