C语言学习记录_2019.02.09

• 打印字符串：%s--------printf(“%s”,”abcd”);
• 打印字符串数组中某一位：%c--------printf(“%c”,”abcd[2]”);
• 字符的定义及打印格式：

struct
    {
        int amount;
        char *name;
    }coins[] =
    {
    {1,"one"},
    {2,"two"},
    {3,"three"}
    };

    char *abc="zxcvbnm";
    printf("%s\n",coins[2].name);
    printf("%s",abc);

• 字符串数组初始化；

char s1[]="array";  //字符数组

char s2[6]="array";  //数组长度=字符串长度+1，因为字符串末尾会自动添‘\0‘

printf("%s,%c\n",s1,s2[2]);  //array，r

• 字符串指针初始化；

char *sp="pointer";  //字符指针

printf("%s,%c,%c\n",sp,*sp,*(sp+2));  //pointer,p,i

• 数组+scanf

char s1[6];    

scanf("%s\n",s1);

printf("%s,%c\n",s1,s1[2]);  //array，r

• 指针+数组+scanf

char str[60], *sp=str;//将数组的首地址str赋给指针变量sp

scanf("%s\n",sp);

printf("%s,%c,%c\n",sp,*sp,*(sp+3));//pointer,p,n

printf("%s,%c,%c\n",str,str[0],str[3]);//pointer,p,n

• 使用scanf对结构体进行赋值；

#include<stdio.h>
struct student
{
    int num;
    char name[10];
};
void main()
{
    struct student s;
    printf("输入学号：\n");
    scanf("%d",&s.num);//scanf赋值给结构体的num成员
    printf("输入姓名：\n");
    scanf("%s",&s.name);
    printf("输入的信息为：学号：%d,姓名：%s\n",s.num ,s.name);
}

• 输入数据语句的格式：scanf（“%d”,&x);
• char*:字符指针类型