Linux下手动安装MySQL5.7

1、下载tar包，这里使用wget从官网下载

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

2、将mysql安装到/usr/local/mysql下

# 解压

tar -xvf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

mv /usr/local/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

3、新建data目录

mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data

4、新建mysql用户、mysql用户组

# mysql用户组

groupadd mysql

# mysql用户

useradd mysql -g mysql

5、将/usr/local/mysql的所有者及所属组改为mysql

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql

6、配置

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

如果出现以下错误：

2018-07-14 06:40:32 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
2018-07-14 06:40:32 [ERROR]   Child process: /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldterminated prematurely with errno= 32
2018-07-14 06:40:32 [ERROR]   Failed to execute /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --bootstrap --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --lc-messages-dir=/usr/local/mysql/share --lc-messages=en_US --basedir=/usr/local/mysql

则使用以下命令（记得把上面命令生成的data文件内容删掉）：
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize

如果出现以下错误：

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

则执行以下命令：

yum -y install numactl

完成后重复上个步骤，继续安装（同样把上面data文件内容删掉）：

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize
编辑/etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
user=mysql
port=3306
character-set-server=utf8
# 取消密码验证
skip-grant-tables
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# skip-grant-tables
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

7、开启服务

# 将mysql加入服务

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

# 开机自启

chkconfig mysql on

# 开启

service mysql start

(有时候回报如下错误：

1.service mysql start;

报错：mysql is neither service nor target!?

2.systemctl start mysql:

报错：sysemctl start  mysql ： Failed to star mysql.service: Unit mysql.service failed to load: No such file ....)

解决方案：依次执行下面命令

systemctl unmask mysql.service

service mysql start

8、设置密码

# 登录（由于/etc/my.cnf中设置了取消密码验证，所以此处密码任意）

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

# 操作mysql数据库

>>use mysql;

# 修改密码

>>update user set authentication_string=password('你的密码') where user='root';

>>flush privileges;

>>exit;

9、将/etc/my.cnf中的skip-grant-tables删除

10、登录再次设置密码（不知道为啥如果不再次设置密码就操作不了数据库了）

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

>>ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '修改后的密码';

>>exit;

11、允许远程连接

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

>>use mysql;

>>update user set host='%' where user = 'root';

>>flush privileges;

>>eixt;

如果不行，直接关掉linux的防火墙。

systemctl disable firewalld

这样还不行的话，检查服务器入栈入栈规则。

12、添加快捷方式

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin