关于template 的23个问题

发现新大陆。曾经慢慢才知道的东西。原来有个集中营：

看看updated, 处理方式是这么的好

35.1	" id="link-to-faq-35_1" style="color:rgb(59,102,153); background-color:transparent; text-decoration:none">What's the idea behind templates?
35.2	What's the syntax / semantics for a "class template"?
35.3	" id="link-to-faq-35_3" style="color:rgb(59,102,153); background-color:transparent; text-decoration:none">What's the syntax / semantics for a "function template"?
35.4	How do I explicitly select which version of a function template should get called?
35.5	What is a "parameterized type"?
35.6	" id="link-to-faq-35_6" style="color:rgb(59,102,153); background-color:transparent; text-decoration:none">What is "genericity"?
35.7	My template function does something special when the template type T is int or std::string; how do I write my template so it uses the special code when T is one of those specific types?
35.8	Huh? Can you provide an example of template specialization that doesn't use foo and bar?
35.9	" id="link-to-faq-35_9" style="color:rgb(59,102,153); background-color:transparent; text-decoration:none">But most of the code in my template function is the same; is there some way to get the benefits of template specialization without duplicating all that source code?
35.10	" id="link-to-faq-35_10" style="color:rgb(59,102,153); background-color:transparent; text-decoration:none">All those templates and template specializations must slow down my program, right?
35.11	" id="link-to-faq-35_11" style="color:rgb(59,102,153); background-color:transparent; text-decoration:none">So templates are overloading, right?
35.12	" id="link-to-faq-35_12" style="color:rgb(59,102,153); background-color:transparent; text-decoration:none">Why can't I separate the definition of my templates class from its declaration and put it inside a .cpp file?
35.13	How can I avoid linker errors with my template functions? Updated!
35.14	" id="link-to-faq-35_14" style="color:rgb(59,102,153); background-color:transparent; text-decoration:none">How does the C++ keyword export help with template linker errors? Updated!
35.15	How can I avoid linker errors with my template classes? Updated!
35.16	" id="link-to-faq-35_16" style="color:rgb(59,102,153); background-color:transparent; text-decoration:none">Why do I get linker errors when I use template friends?
35.17	How can any human hope to understand these overly verbose template-based error messages?
35.18	Why am I getting errors when my template-derived-class uses a nested type it inherits from its template-base-class?
35.19	Why am I getting errors when my template-derived-class uses a member it inherits from its template-base-class?
35.20	Can the previous problem hurt me silently? Is it possible that the compiler will silently generate the wrong code?
35.21	" id="link-to-faq-35_21" style="color:rgb(59,102,153); background-color:transparent; text-decoration:none">How can I create a container-template that allows my users to supply the type of the underlying container that actually stores the values?
35.22	Follow-up to previous: can I pass in the underlying structure and the element-type separately?
35.23	Related: all those proxies must negatively reflect on the speed of my program. Don't they?