利用docker部署elk交换机日志分析

今天我们来聊一下利用docker部署elk日志分析系统，这里解析一下elk是啥东西。elk分别是Elasticsearch,Logstash和Kibana的首字母缩写。

• Elasticsearch是一个基于JSON的分布式搜索和分析引擎，专为水平可扩展性，最高可靠性和易管理性而设计。
• Logstash是一个动态数据收集管道，具有可扩展的插件生态系统和强大的Elasticsearch协同作用。
• Kibana通过UI 提供数据可视化。

架构简述

日志系统首先面临几个问题：

不同厂商设备的不同日志格式的处理，如何调用微信来发送报警信息。采用的解决办法是不同厂商的设备发送日志的时候采用不同端口，日志先发送到logstash,

logstash会先解析日志成标准格式，然后logstash会做2件事情，一个是存放日志到es里面，通过kibana做出展示。

环境搭建：

我们这里采用docker容器技术来部署elk。先从docker hub 下载 Elasticsearch,Logstash和Kibana这三个镜像。执行如下命令

[root@node1 ~]# docker pull elasticsearch
[root@node1 ~]# docker pull kibana
[root@node1 ~]# docker pull logstash:7.2.0

为了后续管理方便，这里编写yml文件，然后使用docker-compose来启动。

version: '3.3'

services:

  elasticsearch:
    image: elasticsearch:latest
    container_name: elasticsearch
    hostname: elasticsearch
    ports:
      - '9200:9200'
    environment:
      ES_JAVA_OPTS: "-Xms256m -Xmx256m"
      discovery.type: "single-node"
    volumes:
      - "/data/elk/elasticsearch/data:/usr/elasticsearch/data"

  logstash:
    image: logstash:7.2.0
    container_name: logstash
    hostname: logstash
    ports:
      - "514:514/udp"
    user: 'root'
    command: "logstash -f /etc/logstash.conf --config.reload.automatic"
    volumes:
      - "/data/elk/logstash/logstash.conf:/etc/logstash.conf"
    environment:
      LS_JAVA_OPTS: "-Xmx256m -Xms256m"
    links:
      - "elasticsearch:elasticsearch" 

  kibana:
    image: kibana:latest
    container_name: kibana
    hostname: kibana
    ports:
      - '5601:5601'
    environment:
      ELASTICSEARCH_URL: "http://elasticsearch:9200"
    links:
      - "elasticsearch:elasticsearch"

注意：/data/elk/logstash/logstash.conf这个文件需要我们提前准备，后面会提到。

交换机配置

我们需要把交换机的日志指定到elk服务器上。

cisco:
logging host 10.100.18.18 transport udp port 5002

H3C
info-center enable
info-center source default channel 2 trap state off
// 必要，不然日志会出现 不符合级别的 alert 日志
info-center loghost 10.100.18.18 port 5003

huawei
info-center enable
info-center loghost 10.100.18.18
info-center timestamp log short-date
info-center timestamp trap short-date

Logstash 的配置

不同厂商的日志 gork我都写好了，复制过去就能用

input{
	tcp {port => 5002 type => "Cisco"}
	udp {port => 514 type => "HUAWEI"}
	udp {port => 5002 type => "Cisco"}
	udp {port => 5003 type => "H3C"}
}
filter {
	if [type] == "Cisco"{
	grok{
	match => { "message" => "<%{BASE10NUM:syslog_pri}>%{NUMBER:log_sequence}: .%{SYSLOGTIMESTAMP:timestamp}: %%{DATA:facility}-%{POSINT:severity}-%{CISCO_REASON:mnemonic}: %{GREEDYDATA:message}" }
	match => { "message" => "<%{BASE10NUM:syslog_pri}>%{NUMBER:log_sequence}: %{SYSLOGTIMESTAMP:timestamp}: %%{DATA:facility}-%{POSINT:severity}-%{CISCO_REASON:mnemonic}: %{GREEDYDATA:message}" }
	add_field => {"severity_code" => "%{severity}"}
	overwrite => ["message"]
	}
}
	else if [type] == "H3C"{
	grok {
	match => { "message" => "<%{BASE10NUM:syslog_pri}>%{SYSLOGTIMESTAMP:timestamp} %{YEAR:year} %{DATA:hostname} %%%{DATA:vvmodule}/%{POSINT:severity}/%{DATA:digest}: %{GREEDYDATA:message}" }
	remove_field => [ "year" ]
	add_field => {"severity_code" => "%{severity}"}
	overwrite => ["message"]
	}
}
    else if [type] == "HUAWEI"{
    grok {
   	match => { "message" => "<%{BASE10NUM:syslog_pri}>%{SYSLOGTIMESTAMP:timestamp} %{DATA:hostname} %%%{DATA:ddModuleName}/%{POSINT:severity}/%{DATA:Brief}:%{GREEDYDATA:message}"}
   	match => { "message" => "<%{BASE10NUM:syslog_pri}>%{SYSLOGTIMESTAMP:timestamp} %{DATA:hostname} %{DATA:ddModuleName}/%{POSINT:severity}/%{DATA:Brief}:%{GREEDYDATA:message}"}
   	remove_field => [ "timestamp" ]
    add_field => {"severity_code" => "%{severity}"}
    overwrite => ["message"]
    }
}

mutate {
		gsub => [
		"severity", "0", "Emergency",
		"severity", "1", "Alert",
		"severity", "2", "Critical",
		"severity", "3", "Error",
		"severity", "4", "Warning",
		"severity", "5", "Notice",
		"severity", "6", "Informational",
		"severity", "7", "Debug"
		]
	}
}
output{
	elasticsearch {
		index => "syslog-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
		hosts => ["your_ipaddress:9200"]
    }
}

Normal
0

7.8 磅
0
2

false
false
false

EN-US
ZH-CN
X-NONE

/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:普通表格;
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:等线;
mso-ascii-font-family:等线;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:微软雅黑;
mso-hansi-font-family:等线;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;}