Writing Your First Test

Let's say you have an activity layout that represents a welcome screen:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/login"
        android:text="Login"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

</LinearLayout>

We want to write a test that asserts that when a user clicks on a button, the app launches the LoginActivity.

//我们想要测试的是当用户点击了button,应用是否启动了LoginActivity

public class WelcomeActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.welcome_activity);

        final View button = findViewById(R.id.login);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                startActivity(new Intent(WelcomeActivity.this, LoginActivity.class));
            }
        });
    }
}

In order to test this, we can check that when a user clicks on the "Login" button, we start the correct intent. Because Robolectric is a unit testing framework, the LoginActivity will not actually be started, but we can check that the WelcomeActivity fired the correct intent:

//为了测试这一点，我能够检查当用户点击了button时我们开启了正确的intent，因为robolectric是单元测试框架，LoginActivity并没有真的被启动，但是我们能够检查WelcomeActivity是否开启了正确的intent

@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
public class WelcomeActivityTest {

    @Test
    public void clickingLogin_shouldStartLoginActivity() {
        WelcomeActivity activity = Robolectric.setupActivity(WelcomeActivity.class);
        activity.findViewById(R.id.login).performClick();

        Intent expectedIntent = new Intent(activity, LoginActivity.class);
        assertThat(shadowOf(activity).getNextStartedActivity()).isEqualTo(expectedIntent);
    }
}