python vs C++ 类

1. 什么是动态语言(wikipedia)

在运行时，可以进行一些操作（静态语言在编译时执行），比如扩展对象的定义、修改类型等

2. 定义类和创建对象

C++	python
class A{ public: A(){ cout << "A 构造函数"; a = "a"; common = "common_a"; } //private: string a; string common; }; A a = A(); A* a_pointer = new A();	class A(): def __init__(self): print("init 函数") self.a = 'a' self.common = 'common_a' a = A() # 在执行时动态地修改对象，创建属性 class ADynamic: def __init__(self): print("ADynamicinit 函数") adynamic = ADynamic() adynamic.a = 'a' adynamic.common = 'common_a'

3. 属性的访问限制

	C++	python
公有	public: 　　int a;	self.a=1
保护	protected: 　　int a;	self._a=1 //可通过obj._a访问
私有	private: 　　int a;	self.__a=1 //可通过obj._类名__a访问

4. 多继承

C++

python

class AParentParent{ public: AParentParent(){ cout << "AParentParent 构造函数" << endl; this->common = "common_aparentparent"; } string common; }; class AParent1 : AParentParent{ public: AParent1(){ cout << "AParent1 构造函数" << endl; this->common = "common_aparent1"; } string common; }; class AParent2 : AParentParent{ public: AParent2(){ cout << "AParent2 构造函数"<<endl; this->common = "common_aparent2"; } string common; }; class A : AParent1, AParent2{ public: A(){ cout << "A 构造函数" << endl; a = "a"; common = "common_a"; } //private: string a; string common; }; A a = A(); // 输出内容 /* AParentParent构造函数 AParent1构造函数 AParentParent构造函数 AParent2构造函数 A构造函数 */

class AParentParent: def __init__(self): print("AParentParent init 函数") self.common = "common_aparentparent" class AParent1(AParentParent): def __init__(self): super(AParent1, self).__init__() print("AParent1 init 函数") self.common = "common_aparent1" class AParent2(AParentParent): def __init__(self): super(AParent2, self).__init__() print("AParent2 init 函数") self.common = "common_aparent2" class A(AParent1, AParent2): def __init__(self): super(A, self).__init__() print("A init 函数") self.a = 'a' self.common = 'common_a' ## 输出 # AParentParent init 函数 # AParent2 init 函数 # AParent1 init 函数 # A init 函数 ##

//待续...

//static，类方法，__slots__，多态...