spring-boot的helloWorld详解

1.运行环境

开发工具：intellij idea

JDK版本：1.8

项目管理工具：Maven 3.2.5

2.Maven Plugin管理

pom.xml配置代码：

 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

   <groupId>spring-boot-helloWorld</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-helloWorld</artifactId>
   <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

   <!-- Spring Boot 启动父依赖 -->
   <parent>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
     <version>1.3.3.RELEASE</version>
   </parent>

   <dependencies>
     <!-- Spring Boot web依赖 -->
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
     </dependency>
     <!-- Spring Boot test依赖 -->
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
       <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
   </dependencies>
 </project>

3.Application启动类编写

 package com.goku.demo;

 import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
 import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletComponentScan;

 /**
  * Created by nbfujx on 2017/11/20.
  */
 // Spring Boot 应用的标识
 @SpringBootApplication
 @ServletComponentScan
 public class DemoApplication {

     public static void main(String[] args) {
         // 程序启动入口
         // 启动嵌入式的 Tomcat 并初始化 Spring 环境及其各 Spring 组件
         SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class,args);
     }
 }

4.ExampleController控制器编写

 package com.goku.demo.controller;

 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

 /**
  * Created by nbfujx on 2017-11-20.
  */
 @RestController
 public class ExampleController {

     @RequestMapping("/")
     public String helloWorld()
     {
         return "helloWorld";
     }

     @RequestMapping("/{str}")
     public String helloWorld(@PathVariable  String str)
     {
         return "hello"+ str;
     }
 }

5.使用MockMvc对Controller进行测试

添加相关单元测试

 package test.com.goku.demo.controller;

 import com.goku.demo.DemoApplication;
 import com.goku.demo.controller.ExampleController;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
 import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
 import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
 import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
 import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
 import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.RequestBuilder;
 import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.ResultActions;
 import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
 import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
 import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.get;
 import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.post;
 import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers.print;
 import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

 import static org.junit.Assert.*;

 /**
  * Created by nbfujx on 2017-11-20.
  */
 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
 @SpringBootTest(classes = DemoApplication.class)//这里的Application是springboot的启动类名。
 @WebAppConfiguration
 public class ExampleControllerTest {

     @Autowired
     private WebApplicationContext context;
     private MockMvc mvc;

     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
         mvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(context).build();//建议使用这种
     }

     @Test
     public void helloWorld() throws Exception {
         String responseString = mvc.perform(get("/")    //请求的url,请求的方法是get
                 .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)  //数据的格式
                 .param("pcode","root")         //添加参数
         ).andExpect(status().isOk())    //返回的状态是200
                 .andDo(print())         //打印出请求和相应的内容
                 .andReturn().getResponse().getContentAsString();   //将相应的数据转换为字符串
         System.out.println("--------返回的json = " + responseString);
     }

     @Test
     public void helloWorld1() throws Exception {
         String responseString = mvc.perform(get("/str")    //请求的url,请求的方法是get
                 .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)  //数据的格式
                 .param("pcode","root")         //添加参数
         ).andExpect(status().isOk())    //返回的状态是200
                 .andDo(print())         //打印出请求和相应的内容
                 .andReturn().getResponse().getContentAsString();   //将相应的数据转换为字符串
         System.out.println("--------返回的json = " + responseString);
     }

 }

6.在页面上运行

http://localhost:8080/

http://localhost:8080/str

7.GITHUB地址

https://github.com/nbfujx/springBoot-learn-demo/tree/master/spring-boot-helloWorld