Mysql安装维护笔记一

1.Centos7安装mysql

rpm安装PHP7相应的yum源

$wget 'https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm'
$sudo rpm -Uvh mysql57-community-release-el7-.noarch.rpm

[root@master2020 mysql]# yum repolist all | grep mysql
mysql-cluster-7.5-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community   disabled
mysql-cluster-7.5-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community - disabled
mysql-cluster-7.6-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community   disabled
mysql-cluster-7.6-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community - disabled
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64  MySQL Connectors Community    enabled:    141
mysql-connectors-community-source  MySQL Connectors Community -  disabled
mysql-tools-community/x86_64       MySQL Tools Community         enabled:    105
mysql-tools-community-source       MySQL Tools Community - Sourc disabled
mysql-tools-preview/x86_64         MySQL Tools Preview           disabled
mysql-tools-preview-source         MySQL Tools Preview - Source  disabled
mysql55-community/x86_64           MySQL 5.5 Community Server    disabled
mysql55-community-source           MySQL 5.5 Community Server -  disabled
mysql56-community/x86_64           MySQL 5.6 Community Server    disabled
mysql56-community-source           MySQL 5.6 Community Server -  disabled
mysql57-community/x86_64           MySQL 5.7 Community Server    enabled:    404
mysql57-community-source           MySQL 5.7 Community Server -  disabled
mysql80-community/x86_64           MySQL 8.0 Community Server    disabled
mysql80-community-source           MySQL 8.0 Community Server -  disabled

如果对别的版本有需求，安装需要的版本就行，只需用yum-config-manager启用或禁用相关的源即可，比如说禁用MySQL5.7启用MySQL5.6

#yum-config=manager 工具安装

yum -y install yum-utils

yum-config-manager --disable mysql57-community

yum-config-manager --enable mysql56-community

安装MySQL Server

yum install mysql-community-server

2.mysql默认端口修改

 vi /etc/my.cnf

3.启动、停止服务

service mysqld start
service mysqld stop

4.查看密码

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

5.初始化安全设置

mysql_secure_installation

Securing the MySQL server deployment.
Enter password for user root:  ##输入上面的临时root密码
The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password.
New password: ##设置新密码
Re-enter new password:  ##重复密码
The 'validate_password' plugin is installed on the server.
The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration
of the plugin.
Using existing password for root.
Estimated strength of the password:
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : #是否更改root密码
 ... skipping.
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : ##是否移除匿名用户
 ... skipping.
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y ##是否禁止root远程登录
Success.

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.

Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y ##是否删除测试数据库
 - Dropping test database...
Success.

 - Removing privileges on test database...
Success.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y ##是否立即刷新权限
Success.

All done!

6.登陆

mysql -uroot -p

7.创建数据库、用户

create database if not exists databasename default character set utf8 collate utf8_unicode_ci;
create user username@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '!@#$%^1234';
flush privileges; 

8.数据库赋用户权限

grant all privileges on databasename.* to username@localhost identified by '!@#$%^1234';
flush privileges;

9.验证新建用户

mysql -u username -p

10.远程访问数据库

vim /etc/my.cnf  　　#修改配置文件
[mysqld]
bind-address=0.0.0.0

#端口加入防火墙
grant all privileges on databasename.* to 'username'@'%' identified by '!@#$%^1234';
flush privileges;

11.卸载mysql

#rpm -qa|grep php

# rpm -e php-mysql-5.1.-.el5_5.
# rpm -e php-pdo-5.1.-.el5_5.
# rpm -e php-xml-5.1.-.el5_5.
# rpm -e php-cli-5.1.-.el5_5.
# rpm -e php-gd-5.1.-.el5_5.
# rpm -e php-common-5.1.-.el5_5. 

#无法卸载的可以使用
rpm -e php-common-5.1.-.el5_5.  --nodeps