Centos7.5静默安装Oracle18c

环境:

CentOS7.5、Oracle18c(LINUX.X64_180000_db_home.zip)

1. 安装必要的依赖包

[root@bogon ~]# yum install bc binutils compat-libcap compat-libstdc glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libX11 libXau libXi libXtst libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libxcb make smartmontools sysstat

2.修改系统参数,添加以下参数

[root@bogon ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf 

kernel.shmmax = 68719476736
kernel.shmall = 106029312
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem =250 32000 100 128
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1262144
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range =9000 65500
fs.file-max=7065536
fs.aio-max-nr=1048576

3. 修改/etc/security/limits.conf

[root@bogon ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 10240

4. 关闭防火墙 关闭selinux

[root@bogon ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@bogon ~]# setenforce 0

5. 配置网络

[root@bogon ~]# vim /etc/hosts
192.168.110.37(本机IP) Oracle

6. 测试网络

[root@bogon ~]# ping Oracle
PING Oracle (192.168.110.37) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from Oracle (192.168.110.37): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.061 ms
64 bytes from Oracle (192.168.110.37): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.045 ms
64 bytes from Oracle (192.168.110.37): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.055 ms
64 bytes from Oracle (192.168.110.37): icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.054 ms
64 bytes from Oracle (192.168.110.37): icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.070 ms

7. 创建所需操作系统用户组和用户

[root@bogon ~]# groupadd oinstall
[root@bogon ~]# groupadd dba
[root@bogon ~]# groupadd oper
[root@bogon ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
[root@bogon ~]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

8. 创建Oracle安装目录

[root@bogon ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1

9. 解压Oracle安装文件

[root@bogon ~]# unzip LINUX.X64_180000_db_home.zip -d /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1

10.  安装目录权限

[root@bogon ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

11.  配置Oracle安装响应文件

[root@bogon ~]# vim /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1/install/response/db_install.rsp

根据下面的参数一个个配置，其它的参数可以先不用配置
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=cdb1

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=cdb1

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=[全局密码]

12. 修改环境变量

[root@bogon ~]# vi /etc/profile

export TMP=/tmp                                   #日志存放位置

export TMPDIR=$TMP

export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=Oracle                #主机名

export ORACLE_UNQNAME=cdb1                  #库名称

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/18.3/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=cdb1                     #库名称

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

13. 使环境变量生效

[root@bogon ~]# source /etc/profile

14. 创建Oracle数据目录

[root@bogon ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata
[root@bogon ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata_back
[root@bogon ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app
[root@bogon ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

15. 开始安装

[oracle@bogon ~]$ su oracle
[oracle@bogon ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME
/u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1
[oracle@bogon ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
cdb1
[oracle@bogon ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME
[oracle@Oracle db_1]$ ./runInstaller -force -silent -responseFile ./install/response/db_install.rsp
Launching Oracle Database Setup Wizard...

[WARNING] [INS-32055] The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.
   ACTION: Oracle recommends placing this Central Inventory in a location outside the Oracle base directory.
[WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environment does not meet some optional requirements.
   CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. installActions2018-09-10_06-22-35PM.log
   ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: installActions2018-09-10_06-22-35PM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.
The response file for this session can be found at:
 /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1/install/response/db_2018-09-10_06-22-35PM.rsp

You can find the log of this install session at:
 /tmp/InstallActions2018-09-10_06-22-35PM/installActions2018-09-10_06-22-35PM.log

As a root user, execute the following script(s):
        1. /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
        2. /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1/root.sh

Execute /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh on the following nodes:
[Oracle]
Execute /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1/root.sh on the following nodes:
[Oracle]

Successfully Setup Software with warning(s).
Moved the install session logs to:
 /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2018-09-10_06-22-35PM

16. 执行安装后的文件

[oracle@Oracle db_1]$ exit
exit
[root@Oracle ~]# /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@Oracle ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1/root.sh
Check /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1/install/root_Oracle_2018-09-10_18-31-03-524717373.log for the output of root script

17. 配置静默监听

[oracle@Oracle ~]$ netca -silent -responsefile /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1/assistants/netca/netca.rsp

Parsing command line arguments:
    Parameter "silent" = true
    Parameter "responsefile" = /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1/assistants/netca/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
    Running Listener Control:
      /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
    Listener Control complete.
    Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0

18. 开启监听

[oracle@Oracle ~]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on 10-SEP-2018 18:34:53

Copyright (c) 1991, 2018, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

TNS-01106: Listener using listener name LISTENER has already been started

19. 查看监听状态

[oracle@Oracle ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on 10-SEP-2018 18:35:20

Copyright (c) 1991, 2018, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=Oracle)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 18.0.0.0.0 - Production
Start Date                10-SEP-2018 18:33:58
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 1 min. 21 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/Oracle/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=Oracle)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

20. 静默建立数据库

[oracle@Oracle ~]$ vim /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1/assistants/dbca/dbca.rsp
gdbName=cdb1

sid=cdb1

createAsContainerDatabase=true

numberOfPDBs=1

pdbName=cdb1pdb

templateName=/u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc

datafileJarLocation={ORACLE_HOME}/assistants/dbca/templates/

datafileDestination={ORACLE_BASE}/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/

recoveryAreaDestination={ORACLE_BASE}/fast_recovery_area/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}

characterSet=AL32UTF8

listeners=LISTENER

initParams=undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS1,memory_target=796MB,processes=300,db_recovery_file_dest_size=11000MB,nls_language=AMERICAN,dispatchers=(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=cdb1XDB),db_recovery_file_dest={ORACLE_BASE}/fast_recovery_area/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME},db_block_size=8192BYTES,diagnostic_dest={ORACLE_BASE},audit_file_dest={ORACLE_BASE}/admin/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/adump,nls_territory=AMERICA,local_listener=LISTENER_CDB1,compatible=18.3.0,control_files=("{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/control01.ctl","{ORACLE_BASE}/fast_recovery_area/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/control02.ctl"),db_name=cdb1,audit_trail=db,remote_login_passwordfile=EXCLUSIVE,open_cursors=300

memoryPercentage=40

totalMemory=529

21. 修改配置文件

[root@bogon ~] vi /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION=8

22. 安装数据库实例

[oracle@localhost ~]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -responseFile  /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1/assistants/dbca/dbca.rsp -sampleSchema false -J-Doracle.assistants.dbca.validate.ConfigurationParams=false
输入 SYS 用户口令: 

输入 SYSTEM 用户口令: 

输入 PDBADMIN 用户口令: 

[WARNING] [DBT-06208] 输入的 'SYS(S)' 口令未遵从 Oracle 建议的标准。
   原因:
a. Oracle 建议, 输入的口令长度不应少于 8 个字符, 至少包含 1 个大写字符, 1 个小写字符和 1 个数字 [0-9]。
b. 输入的口令是一个关键字, Oracle 建议不要将其用作口令
   操作: 指定强口令。如果需要, 请参阅 Oracle 文档以了解相关指南。
[WARNING] [DBT-06208] 输入的 'SYSTEM' 口令未遵从 Oracle 建议的标准。
   原因:
a. Oracle 建议, 输入的口令长度不应少于 8 个字符, 至少包含 1 个大写字符, 1 个小写字符和 1 个数字 [0-9]。
b. 输入的口令是一个关键字, Oracle 建议不要将其用作口令
   操作: 指定强口令。如果需要, 请参阅 Oracle 文档以了解相关指南。
[WARNING] [DBT-06208] 输入的 'PDBADMIN' 口令未遵从 Oracle 建议的标准。
   原因:
a. Oracle 建议, 输入的口令长度不应少于 8 个字符, 至少包含 1 个大写字符, 1 个小写字符和 1 个数字 [0-9]。
b. 输入的口令是一个关键字, Oracle 建议不要将其用作口令
   操作: 指定强口令。如果需要, 请参阅 Oracle 文档以了解相关指南。
准备执行数据库操作
已完成 8%
复制数据库文件
已完成 31%
正在创建并启动 Oracle 实例
已完成 32%
已完成 36%
已完成 40%
已完成 43%
已完成 46%
正在进行数据库创建
已完成 51%
已完成 53%
已完成 54%
正在创建插接式数据库
已完成 58%
已完成 77%
执行配置后操作
已完成 100%
数据库创建完成。有关详细信息, 请查看以下位置的日志文件:
 /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/cdb1。
数据库信息:
全局数据库名:cdb1
系统标识符 (SID):cdb1
有关详细信息, 请参阅日志文件 "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/cdb1/cdb1.log"。

23. 安装完成之后system还无法登录，需要解锁system并且重新修改system用户密码就可以远程链接了

[oracle@Oracle ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on Tue Sep 11 08:48:49 2018
Version 18.3.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 18c Enterprise Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 18.3.0.0.0

SQL> connect system/oracle (oracle是创建的时候指定的)
Connected.

SQL> alter user system account unlock;

User altered.

SQL> alter user system identified by manager;

User altered.

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 18c Enterprise Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production

24. 设置开机自启动oracle和监听器

su - oracle

vim /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1/bin/dbstart

将ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1,修改为ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

vim /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1/bin/dbshut

将ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1,修改为ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

vim /etc/oratab

cdb1: /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3/db_1:Y

exit

sudo vim /etc/rc.local

su - oracle -c 'dbstart'

su - oracle -c 'lsnrctl start'

sudo chmod +x /etc/rc.local

参考文章:    https://blog.csdn.net/Alisebeast/article/details/81538457