WPF 利用子线程弹出子窗体的研究

　　一般来说子线程都是用来处理数据的，主窗体用来实现展现，但是有些时候我们希望子窗体实现等待效果，遮挡主窗体并使主窗体逻辑正常进行，这个业务需求虽然不多，但是正好我们用到了，于是我打算把研究成果写在这了。稍后我会上传我的代码，包含测试程序以及之前两边博文谈到的控件，这里我还实现了一个类似雷达扫描的等待窗体，大家可以稍后查看。

　　实际上这里只有两个难点需要处理，一个就是如何让子窗体遮挡主窗体并位于主窗体中间，另一个就是委托及跨线程访问UI界面。为了方便调用，我在这里写了一个静态的子线程窗体管理类DialogWindowsManager。

1.遮挡主窗体

　　大家都知道，showDialog方法就是最好的遮挡效果，但是由于它是线程阻塞的，因此每当我们想到这里的时候会有一个误区，认为调用showDialog一定会阻塞前台界面，其实这里的阻塞只是阻塞调用方法所在的线程，并不是一定会阻塞主线程，因此在子线程中调用showDialog方法即可达到效果。实际测试时发现遮挡效果确实有了，可惜每次showDialog的时候窗体会满屏幕乱飞，好吧，最好的方法当然是设置onwer，不过我一直没尝试成功，因为主窗体与子窗体一直处于两个线程中，最后我通过一个算法将位置计算出来之后赋值给了子窗体。代码如下：

 /// <summary>
         /// 打开等待窗体线程
         /// </summary>
         public static void ShowWaitingForm(Window onwer) {
             double[] d = new double[];
             d[] = onwer.Top + onwer.Height /  - ;
             d[] = onwer.Left + onwer.Width /  - ;
             if (WaitingFormThread == null)
             {
                 WaitingFormThread = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(showWaitingForm));
                 WaitingFormThread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);
                 WaitingFormThread.Start(d);
             }
             else {
                 CloseWaitingForm();
                 ShowWaitingForm(onwer);
             }
         }

2.跨线程访问

　　这里不得不说WPF还是很给力的，因为它提供了Dispatcher来获取当前要更新的线程，这里网上资料很多，我就不多做解释了，直接上代码：

 /// <summary>
         /// 设置进度条百分比
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="d">百分比</param>
         public static void setProgrssFormPercent(double d) {
             if (cf != null) {
                 cf.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new Action(() => { if (cf != null) { cf.setPercent(d); } }));
                 Thread.Sleep();
             }
         }

3.注意事项

　　子线程也是UI线程，因此线程一定要设置为ApartmentState.STA状态。

完成的线程管理代码如下：

 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Windows;

 namespace MyUserControlLibrary
 {
     public static class DialogWindowsManager
     {
         #region 属性

         /// <summary>
         /// 等待窗体处理线程
         /// </summary>
         static Thread WaitingFormThread;
         /// <summary>
         /// 进度条进程
         /// </summary>
         static Thread CircleProgressFormThread;

         /// <summary>
         /// 等待进度条进程
         /// </summary>
         static Thread WaitingAndProgressFormThread;

         /// <summary>
         /// 进度条窗体
         /// </summary>
         static CircleProgressForm cf;
         /// <summary>
         /// 等待进度条
         /// </summary>
         static WaitingAndProgressForm wpf;
         #endregion

         #region 私有方法

         /// <summary>
         /// 打开等待窗体方法
         /// </summary>
         private static void showWaitingForm(object o)
         {
             double[] d = (double[])o;
             WaitingForm wf = new WaitingForm();
             wf.WindowStartupLocation = WindowStartupLocation.Manual;
             wf.Top = d[];
             wf.Left = d[];
             wf.ShowDialog();
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 打开进度条窗体方法
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="o">显示位置集合 double[] 0-Top 1-Left</param>
         private static void showCircleProgressForm(object o)
         {
             double[] d = (double[])o;
             cf = new CircleProgressForm();
             cf.WindowStartupLocation = WindowStartupLocation.Manual;
             cf.Top = d[];
             cf.Left = d[];
             cf.ShowDialog();
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 打开进度条窗体方法
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="o">显示位置集合 double[] 0-Top 1-Left</param>
         private static void showWaitingAndProgressForm(object o)
         {
             object[] m = (object[])o;
             double[] d = (double[])m[];
             wpf = new WaitingAndProgressForm();
             wpf.MainControl.ShowType = (WaitAndProgressType)m[];
             wpf.WindowStartupLocation = WindowStartupLocation.Manual;
             wpf.Top = d[];
             wpf.Left = d[];
             wpf.ShowDialog();
         }

         #endregion

         #region 公有方法

         /// <summary>
         /// 打开等待窗体线程
         /// </summary>
         public static void ShowWaitingForm(Window onwer) {
             double[] d = new double[];
             d[] = onwer.Top + onwer.Height /  - ;
             d[] = onwer.Left + onwer.Width /  - ;
             if (WaitingFormThread == null)
             {
                 WaitingFormThread = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(showWaitingForm));
                 WaitingFormThread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);
                 WaitingFormThread.Start(d);
             }
             else {
                 CloseWaitingForm();
                 ShowWaitingForm(onwer);
             }
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 关闭等待窗体线程
         /// </summary>
         public static void CloseWaitingForm()
         {
             WaitingFormThread.Abort();
             WaitingFormThread.Join();
             WaitingFormThread.DisableComObjectEagerCleanup();
             WaitingFormThread = null;
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 打开进度条窗体线程
         /// </summary>
         public static void ShowCircleProgressForm(Window onwer)
         {
             double[] d = new double[];
             d[] = onwer.Top + onwer.Height /  - ;
             d[] = onwer.Left + onwer.Width /  - ;
             if (CircleProgressFormThread == null)
             {
                 CircleProgressFormThread = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(showCircleProgressForm));
                 CircleProgressFormThread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);
                 CircleProgressFormThread.Start(d);
                 Thread.Sleep();
             }
             else
             {
                 CloseCircleProgressForm();
                 ShowCircleProgressForm(onwer);
             }
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 设置进度条百分比
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="d">百分比</param>
         public static void setProgrssFormPercent(double d) {
             if (cf != null) {
                 cf.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new Action(() => { if (cf != null) { cf.setPercent(d); } }));
                 Thread.Sleep();
             }
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 关闭进度条窗体线程
         /// </summary>
         public static void CloseCircleProgressForm()
         {
             CircleProgressFormThread.Abort();
             CircleProgressFormThread.Join();
             CircleProgressFormThread.DisableComObjectEagerCleanup();
             CircleProgressFormThread = null;
             cf = null;
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 打开等待进度条窗体线程
         /// </summary>
         public static void ShowWaitingAndProgressForm(Window onwer,WaitAndProgressType t)
         {
             object[] o = new object[];
             double[] d = new double[];
             d[] = onwer.Top + onwer.Height /  - ;
             d[] = onwer.Left + onwer.Width /  - ;
             o[] = d;
             o[] = t;
             if (WaitingAndProgressFormThread == null)
             {
                 WaitingAndProgressFormThread = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(showWaitingAndProgressForm));
                 WaitingAndProgressFormThread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);
                 WaitingAndProgressFormThread.Start(o);
                 Thread.Sleep();
             }
             else
             {
                 CloseWaitingAndProgressForm();
                 ShowWaitingAndProgressForm(onwer,t);
             }
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 设置进度条百分比
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="d">百分比</param>
         public static void setWaitingAndProgressFormPercent(double d)
         {
             if (wpf != null)
             {
                 wpf.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new Action(() => { if (wpf != null) { wpf.setPercent(d); } }));
                 Thread.Sleep();
             }
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 关闭等待进度条窗体线程
         /// </summary>
         public static void CloseWaitingAndProgressForm()
         {
             WaitingAndProgressFormThread.Abort();
             WaitingAndProgressFormThread.Join();
             WaitingAndProgressFormThread.DisableComObjectEagerCleanup();
             WaitingAndProgressFormThread = null;
             wpf = null;
         }

         #endregion
     }
 }

整个解决方案我会上传的！！

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本文系本人原创，源代码及文章引用转载请注明出处！！谢谢！

源码下载地址：http://files.cnblogs.com/files/lgmbk/UserControlTest.zip