Cobbler 部署

环境介绍

Cobbler 操作系统: Centos-7.2-x86_64
Cobbler服务器地址: 10.90.0.10

部署 Cobbler

1. 安装 Centos epel 原
   
[root@node1 ~]# rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-9.noarch.rpm


2. 安装软件&启动服务

   [root@node1 ~]# yum install httpd dhcp tftp python-ctypes cobbler cobbler-web pykickstart fence-agents
   [root@node1 ~]# systemctl start cobblerd.service
   [root@node1 ~]# systemctl enable httpd
   [root@node1 ~]# systemctl start httpd
   # 下载cobbler相关组件
   [root@node1 ~]# cobbler get-loaders
   出现*** TASK COMPLETE ***字符表示下载成功
   检查需要修改的配置：由于不同的环境，提示会不一样，只需要安装提示内容一一解决即可
   

3. 检查需要修改的配置：由于不同的环境，提示会不一样，只需要安装提示内容一一解决即可。

   [root@localhost ~]# cobbler check
   The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:
   
   1 : The 'server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than localhost, or kickstarting features will not work.  This should be a resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server as reachable by all machines that will use it.
   2 : For PXE to be functional, the 'next_server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the PXE network.
   3 : change 'disable' to 'no' in /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
   4 : enable and start rsyncd.service with systemctl
   5 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories
   6 : The default password used by the sample templates for newly installed machines (default_password_crypted in /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to 'cobbler' and should be changed, try: "openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random-phrase-here' 'your-password-here'" to generate new one
   
   Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.
   解决第一个和第二个提示：设置cobbler地址和设置dhcp服务器地址
   [root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings
   next_server: 10.90.0.10
   server: 10.90.0.10
   第三个和第四个提示解决：启动tftp和rsyncd服务
   [root@node1 ~]# yum -y install tftp-server xinetd
   启用tftp服务：
   [root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
   disable = no
   启动xinetd服务:
   [root@node1 ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd.service
   [root@node1 ~]# systemctl enable xinetd
   [root@node1 ~]# systemctl start xinetd.service
   [root@node1 ~]# netstat -nulp | grep xinetd
   udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:69 0.0.0.0:* 3659/xinetd
   第5个可以不用解决 debian系统
   第六个提示解决:设置cobbler密码，同时也是安装服务器的登录密码
   [root@node1 ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt 'Tczaflw@521' 'Tczaflw@521'
   $1$JM/i5ygv$cLMbz2ud00P6KI9XiEGj10
   修改cobbler把生成的密码放入配置文件
   [root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings
   default_password_crypted: "$1$JM/i5ygv$cLMbz2ud00P6KI9XiEGj10"
   [root@node1 ~]# cobbler check
   只剩下5即可
   

4. Cobbler管理DHCP服务器配置

   1. 编辑cobbler配置文件，开启cobbler管理dhcp

      [root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings
      manage_dhcp: 1
      

   2. 编辑cobbler的dhcp管理模版，设置dhcp分配的网段，网管，dns信息

      [root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
      subnet 10.90.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 {
           option routers             10.90.0.10;
           option domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114;
           option subnet-mask         255.255.0.0;
           range dynamic-bootp        10.90.0.100 10.90.0.200;
      

   3. 同步cobbler配置：同步之前先重启cobbler保证所有配置生效

      [root@node1 ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd.service
      [root@node1 ~]# cobbler sync
      

5. Cobbler导入镜像

   1. 挂载iso文件到系统

      [root@node1 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
      

   2. 导入镜像文件到cobbler

      cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=Centos-7.2-x86_64 --arch=x86_64
      task started: 2016-11-19_170133_import
      task started (id=Media import, time=Sat Nov 19 17:01:33 2016)
      Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
      Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
      Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
      Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-7.2-x86_64:
      creating new distro: Centos-7.2-x86_64
      trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-7.2-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/Centos-7.2-x86_64
      creating new profile: Centos-7.2-x86_64
      associating repos
      checking for rsync repo(s)
      checking for rhn repo(s)
      checking for yum repo(s)
      starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-7.2-x86_64 for Centos-7.2-x86_64
      processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-7.2-x86_64
      need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-7.2-x86_64
      looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-7.2-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml
      Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-7.2-x86_64/repodata
      *** TASK COMPLETE ***
      

   3. 查看cobbler已经有了一个安装源;使用如下命令可以获取到cobbler命令详细报表

      [root@node1 ~]# cobbler profile list
          Centos-7.2-x86_64
      [root@node1 ~]# cobbler profile report
      Name                           : Centos-7.2-x86_64
      TFTP Boot Files                : {}
      Comment                        :
      DHCP Tag                       : default
      Distribution                   : Centos-7.2-x86_64
      Enable gPXE?                   : 0
      Enable PXE Menu?               : 1
      Fetchable Files                : {}
      Kernel Options                 : {}
      Kernel Options (Post Install)  : {}
      Kickstart                      : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks
      Kickstart Metadata             : {}
      Management Classes             : []
      Management Parameters          : <<inherit>>
      Name Servers                   : []
      Name Servers Search Path       : []
      Owners                         : ['admin']
      Parent Profile                 :
      Internal proxy                 :
      Red Hat Management Key         : <<inherit>>
      Red Hat Management Server      : <<inherit>>
      Repos                          : []
      Server Override                : <<inherit>>
      Template Files                 : {}
      Virt Auto Boot                 : 1
      Virt Bridge                    : xenbr0
      Virt CPUs                      : 1
      Virt Disk Driver Type          : raw
      Virt File Size(GB)             : 5
      Virt Path                      :
      Virt RAM (MB)                  : 512
      Virt Type                      : kvm
      

   4. centos7的自动安装ks 文件---CentOS-7.2-x86_64.cfg

      #Kickstart Configurator for cobbler by Jason Zhao
      #platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
      #System  language
      lang en_US
      #System keyboard
      keyboard us
      #Sytem timezone
      timezone Asia/Shanghai
      #Root password
      rootpw --iscrypted $default_password_crypted #cobbler 配置文件中的密码
      #Use text mode install
      text
      #Install OS instead of upgrade
      install
      #Use NFS installation Media
      url --url=$tree # URL地址（也就是安装源）设置为$tree表示自动获取；
      #System bootloader configuration
      bootloader --location=mbr
      #Clear the Master Boot Record
      zerombr
      #Partition clearing information
      clearpart --all --initlabel
      #Disk partitioning information
      part / --fstype="xfs" --size=3072
      part /boot --fstype="xfs" --size=500
      part /software --fstype="xfs" --grow --size=1
      #System authorization infomation
      auth  --useshadow  --enablemd5
      #Network information
      $SNIPPET('network_config') # 网卡配置也无须手动配置而是由cobbler进行配置。
      #network --bootproto=dhcp --device=em1 --onboot=on
      # Reboot after installation
      reboot
      #Firewall configuration
      firewall --disabled
      #SELinux configuration
      selinux --disabled
      #Do not configure XWindows
      skipx
      #Package install information
      %pre
      $SNIPPET('log_ks_pre')
      $SNIPPET('kickstart_start')
      $SNIPPET('pre_install_network_config')
      # Enable installation monitoring
      $SNIPPET('pre_anamon')
      %end
      
      %packages --nobase
      @ core
      %end
      
      %post
      systemctl disable postfix.service
      %end
      

   5. 修改Centos-7.2-x86_64的kickstart文件

      [root@node1 ~]# cobbler profile edit --name Centos-7.2-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-7.2-x86_64.cfg
      [root@node1 ~]# cobbler profile report | grep Kickstart
      Kickstart                      : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-7.2-x86_64.cfg
      Kickstart Metadata             : {}
      在装机时设置Centos7网卡为eth0
      [root@node1 ~]# cobbler profile edit --name=Centos-7.2-x86_64 --kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0'
      设置完成使用cobbler sync进行同步配置
      

6. 配置 cobbler_web
    
   

7. 测试安装-成功