postgresql逻辑结构--触发器（三）

触发器（tigger）是一种由事物自动触发执行的特殊存储过程，这些事件可以是对一个表进行INSERT、UPDATE、DELETE等操作。

一、创建触发器

create   [ constraint ]   trigger name {  before |  after | instead of} { event [ or....] }  on table_name [from referenced_table_name]

{not deferrable | [deferrable] {intially immediate |  initially deferred }}

[for [each]  {row  |  statement}]

[when (condition)]

execute procedure function_name (arguments)

1  实例：删除学生表student的一条记录是，同事删掉score的成绩记录也删除。

1.1 创建表

postgres=# create table student(
student_no int primary key,
sutdent_name varchar(40),
age int);
CREATE TABLE

postgres=# create table score(
postgres(# student_no int,
postgres(# chinese_score int,
postgres(# test_date date);
CREATE TABLE
postgres=#

　　

1.2 创建执行函数

postgres=# create or replace function student_delete_trigger()
postgres-# returns trigger as $$
postgres$# begin
postgres$# delete from score where student_no = OLD.student_no;
postgres$# return OLD;
postgres$# end;
postgres$# $$
postgres-# language plpgsql;
CREATE FUNCTION

　　

1.3 在创建触发器

postgres=# create trigger delete_student_trigger
postgres-# after delete on student
postgres-# for each row execute procedure student_delete_trigger();
CREATE TRIGGER
postgres=#

　　

1.4 插入数据

postgres=# insert into score values(1,85,date '2018-05-16');
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into score values(2,56,date '2018-05-16');
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into score values(1,88,date '2018-05-16');
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into score values(2,33,date '2018-05-16');
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into score values(3,43,date '2018-05-16');
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into score values(3,53,date '2018-05-16');
INSERT 0 1

　　

1.5 删除学号为3的学生

postgres=# delete from student where student_no = 3;
DELETE 1
postgres=# select * from score;
 student_no | chinese_score | test_date
------------+---------------+------------
          1 |            85 | 2018-05-16
          2 |            56 | 2018-05-16
          1 |            88 | 2018-05-16
          2 |            33 | 2018-05-16
(4 rows)

postgres=#

　　

未完待续。。。