Android 调用摄像头功能【拍照与视频】

版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，未经博主同意不得转载。 https://blog.csdn.net/ma_hoking/article/details/28292973

应用场景：

在Android开发过程中，有时须要调用手机自身设备的功能，上篇文章主要側重摄像头拍照功能的调用。本篇文章将综合实现拍照与视频的操作。

知识点介绍：

该部分请阅读 【Android 调用摄像头功能】

使用方式：

第一步：

新建一个Android项目CameraPhotoVedio,包括两个Activity: MainActivity、CameraActivity。

第二步：
【activity_main.xml】

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@drawable/shape_main"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

    <LinearLayout android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="50dp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">
        <ImageView android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:src="@drawable/main"/>
    </LinearLayout>
    <LinearLayout android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="100dp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:orientation="vertical">
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/main_button"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:layout_marginBottom="50dp"
            android:background="@drawable/shape_main"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:text="使用摄像头"/>
    </LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

【MainActivity.java】

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	private Button button; //调用摄像头按钮

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		initViews();
	}

	private void initViews() {
		button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.main_button);
		button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				startActivity(new Intent(getApplicationContext(), CameraActivity.class));
			}
		});
	}
}

【activity_camera.xml】

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:background="#FFFFFF"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".CameraActivity" >
    <SurfaceView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
    	android:layout_height="match_parent"
    	android:id="@+id/camera_surfaceview"/>
	<TextView android:layout_height="wrap_content"
	    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
	    android:text="计时区域"
	    android:id="@+id/camera_time"/>
	<LinearLayout android:layout_height="wrap_content"
	    android:layout_width="match_parent"
	    android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
	    android:orientation="horizontal">
	    <Button android:layout_height="30dp"
	        android:layout_width="match_parent"
	        android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
	        android:layout_weight="1"
	        android:background="@drawable/shape_main"
	        android:id="@+id/camera_photo"
	        android:layout_marginLeft="5dp"
	        android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
	        android:layout_marginRight="5dp"
	        android:text="照片摄取"/>
	    <Button android:layout_height="30dp"
	        android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
	        android:layout_width="match_parent"
	        android:layout_weight="1"
	        android:background="@drawable/shape_main"
	        android:id="@+id/camera_vedio"
	        android:layout_marginLeft="5dp"
	        android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
	        android:layout_marginRight="5dp"
	        android:text="视频摄取"/>
	</LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

【CameraActivity.java】

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Date;

import com.example.cameraphotovideo.utils.FormatUtil;

import android.graphics.ImageFormat;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.hardware.Camera.PictureCallback;
import android.media.MediaRecorder;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder.Callback;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class CameraActivity extends Activity {

	private String tag ="MaHaochen_______CameraActivity";
	private SurfaceView surfaceView;
	private SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder;
	private Camera camera;
	private MediaRecorder mediaRecorder;
	private Button photoButton;  //拍照按钮
	private Button vedioButton;  //摄像按钮
	private TextView timeTextView;

	protected boolean isPreview = false; //摄像区域是否准备良好
	private boolean isRecording = true; // true表示没有录像，点击開始。false表示正在录像，点击暂停
	private boolean bool;

	private int hour = 0;
	private int minute = 0;     //计时专用
	private int second = 0;

	private File mRecVedioPath;
	private File mRecAudioFile;

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_camera);
		initCamera();
		initViews();
	}
	//初始化摄像头
	private void initCamera() {
		mRecVedioPath = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
				.getAbsolutePath() + "/mahc/video/temp/");
		if (!mRecVedioPath.exists()) {
			mRecVedioPath.mkdirs();
		}
		surfaceView = (SurfaceView) findViewById(R.id.camera_surfaceview);
		SurfaceHolder cameraSurfaceHolder = surfaceView.getHolder();
		cameraSurfaceHolder.addCallback(new Callback() {

			@Override
			public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
				try {
				camera = Camera.open();
				//设置Camera的角度/方向
				camera.setDisplayOrientation(90);
				Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters();
				parameters.setPreviewFrameRate(5); // 每秒5帧
				parameters.setPictureFormat(ImageFormat.JPEG);// 设置照片的输出格式
				parameters.set("jpeg-quality", 85);// 照片质量
				camera.setParameters(parameters);
				camera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);
				isPreview = true;
				camera.startPreview();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
				surfaceHolder = holder;
			}

			@Override
			public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width,
					int height) {
				surfaceHolder = holder;
			}

			@Override
			public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
				if (camera != null) {
					if (isPreview) {
						camera.stopPreview();
						isPreview = false;
					}
					camera.release();
					camera = null; // 记得释放Camera
				}
				surfaceView = null;
				surfaceHolder = null;
				mediaRecorder = null;
			}
		});
		//开发时建议设置
		//This method was deprecated in API level 11. this is ignored, this value is set automatically when needed.
		cameraSurfaceHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);
	}

	//初始化视图组件
	private void initViews() {
		timeTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.camera_time);
		timeTextView.setVisibility(View.GONE);
		photoButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.camera_photo);
		vedioButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.camera_vedio);
		ButtonOnClickListener onClickListener = new ButtonOnClickListener();
		photoButton.setOnClickListener(onClickListener);
		vedioButton.setOnClickListener(onClickListener);
	}

	class ButtonOnClickListener implements OnClickListener{

		@Override
		public void onClick(View v) {
			switch (v.getId()) {
			case R.id.camera_vedio:
				//点击開始录像
				if(isRecording){
					if (isPreview) {
						camera.stopPreview();
						camera.release();
						camera = null;
					}
					second = 0;
					minute = 0;
					hour = 0;
					bool = true;
					if(null==mediaRecorder){
						mediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder();
					}else {
						mediaRecorder.reset();
					}
					//表面设置显示记录媒体（视频）的预览
					mediaRecorder.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceHolder.getSurface());
					//開始捕捉和编码数据到setOutputFile（指定的文件）
					mediaRecorder.setVideoSource(MediaRecorder.VideoSource.CAMERA);
					//设置用于录制的音源
					mediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);
					//设置在录制过程中产生的输出文件的格式
					mediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.THREE_GPP);
					//设置视频编码器，用于录制
					mediaRecorder.setVideoEncoder(MediaRecorder.VideoEncoder.H264);
					//设置audio的编码格式
					mediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AMR_NB);
					//设置要捕获的视频的宽度和高度
					mediaRecorder.setVideoSize(320, 240);
					// 设置要捕获的视频帧速率
					mediaRecorder.setVideoFrameRate(15);
					try {
						mRecAudioFile = File.createTempFile("Vedio", ".3gp",
								mRecVedioPath);
					} catch (IOException e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
					mediaRecorder.setOutputFile(mRecAudioFile.getAbsolutePath());
					try {
						mediaRecorder.prepare();
						timeTextView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
						handler.postDelayed(task, 1000);
						mediaRecorder.start();
					} catch (Exception e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
					isRecording = !isRecording;
					Log.e(tag, "=====開始录制视频=====");
				}else {
					//点击停止录像
					bool = false;
					mediaRecorder.stop();
					timeTextView.setText(FormatUtil.format(hour)+":"+FormatUtil.format(minute)+":"+ FormatUtil.format(second));
					mediaRecorder.release();
					mediaRecorder = null;
					FormatUtil.videoRename(mRecAudioFile);
					Log.e(tag, "=====录制完毕，已保存=====");
					isRecording = !isRecording;
					try {
						camera = Camera.open();
						Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters();
//						parameters.setPreviewFrameRate(5); // 每秒5帧
						parameters.setPictureFormat(ImageFormat.JPEG);// 设置照片的输出格式
						parameters.set("jpeg-quality", 85);// 照片质量
						camera.setParameters(parameters);
						camera.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceHolder);
						camera.startPreview();
						isPreview = true;
					} catch (Exception e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
				}
				break;

			case R.id.camera_photo:
				if (mediaRecorder != null) {
					try {
						bool = false;
						mediaRecorder.stop();
						timeTextView.setText(FormatUtil.format(hour) + ":" + FormatUtil.format(minute) + ":"
								+ FormatUtil.format(second));
						mediaRecorder.release();
						mediaRecorder = null;
						FormatUtil.videoRename(mRecAudioFile);
					} catch (Exception e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
					isRecording = !isRecording;
					Log.e(tag, "=====录制完毕，已保存=====");
					try {
						camera = Camera.open();
						Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters();
//						parameters.setPreviewFrameRate(5); // 每秒5帧
						parameters.setPictureFormat(ImageFormat.JPEG);// 设置照片的输出格式
						parameters.set("jpeg-quality", 85);// 照片质量
						camera.setParameters(parameters);
						camera.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceHolder);
						camera.startPreview();
						isPreview = true;
					} catch (Exception e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
				}
				if (camera != null) {
					camera.autoFocus(null);
					camera.takePicture(null, null, new PictureCallback() {
						@Override
						public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {
							new SavePictureTask().execute(data);
							camera.startPreview();
							Log.e(tag,"=====拍照成功=====");
						}
					}); // 拍照
				}
				break;
			default:
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	/*
	 * 定时器设置，实现计时
	 */
	private Handler handler = new Handler();
	private Runnable task = new Runnable() {
		public void run() {
			if (bool) {
				handler.postDelayed(this, 1000);
				second++;
				if (second >= 60) {
					minute++;
					second = second % 60;
				}
				if (minute >= 60) {
					hour++;
					minute = minute % 60;
				}
				timeTextView.setText(FormatUtil.format(hour) + ":" + FormatUtil.format(minute) + ":"
						+ FormatUtil.format(second));
			}
		}
	};

	class SavePictureTask extends AsyncTask<byte[], String, String> {
		@Override
		protected String doInBackground(byte[]... params) {
			String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
					.getAbsolutePath() + "/mahc/image";
			File out = new File(path);
			if (!out.exists()) {
				out.mkdirs();
			}
			File picture = new File(path+"/"+new Date().getTime()+".jpg");
			try {
				FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(picture.getPath());
				fos.write(params[0]);
				fos.close();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			Log.e(tag, "=====照片保存完毕=====");
			CameraActivity.this.finish();
			return null;
		}
	}
}

第三步：该项目须要一个工具类FormatUtil.java

import java.io.File;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import android.os.Environment;

public class FormatUtil {

	/**
	 * 将缓存目录的数据转存到vedio文件下
	 * @param recAudioFile
	 */
	public static void videoRename(File recAudioFile) {
		String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
				.getAbsolutePath()+ "/mahc/video/"+ "0" + "/";
		String fileName = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss")
				.format(new Date()) + ".3gp";
		File out = new File(path);
		if (!out.exists()) {
			out.mkdirs();
		}
		out = new File(path, fileName);
		if (recAudioFile.exists())
			recAudioFile.renameTo(out);
	}

	/**
	 * 用以计时操作的相关方法
	 * @param num
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String format(int num){
		String s = num + "";
		if (s.length() == 1) {
			s = "0" + s;
		}
		return s;
	}
}

第四步：本项目须要处理界面的背景样式和按钮的背景，所以须要在res/drawable文件新建shape_main.xml。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <gradient
        android:startColor="#FFCC99"
        android:endColor="#99CC66"
        android:centerColor="#0066CC"
        android:angle="45" />
</shape>

页面效果：

效果截图

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