Windows Azure Virtual Machine 之用程序控制Azure VM

我们在很多时候可能会需要用程序来控制VM的创建，删除工作。

而在这些工作之中，用程序创建一个VM将会是一个非常复杂的过程，因为他涉及到很多步骤。

具体步骤如下

1 创建一个Hosted cloud service

2 选中一个Azure 中的image 来创建对应的VHD

3 选择一个路径来存放这个创建的VHD

4 选择这个VM需要开放的端口，需要远程登录的账号密码等等配置信息。

5 创建一个带有若干个虚拟机的部署。

如果想用代码来实现的话，现在有两种方式

1 用REST API

2 用Management Class Library

REST API的方法，网上已经有了（详情可参考 http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/601419/How-to-manage-Azure-IaaS-Programmatically ）

这里就只讲述 第二种方式，用 Management Class Libraries。

以下是创建Azure VM 的代码。

 public static void QuickCreateVM()
        {
            try
            {
                ComputeManagementClient client = new ComputeManagementClient(cloudCredentials);
                string vmName = "yuan2013vm"; 

                //STEP1:Create Hosted Service
                //Azure VM must be hosted in a  hosted cloud service.
                createCloudService(vmName, "East Asia", null); 

                //STEP2:Construct VM Role instance
                var vmRole = new Role()
                {
                    RoleType = VirtualMachineRoleType.PersistentVMRole.ToString(),
                    RoleName = vmName,
                    Label = vmName,
                    RoleSize = VirtualMachineRoleSize.Small,
                    ConfigurationSets = new List<ConfigurationSet>(),
                    OSVirtualHardDisk = new OSVirtualHardDisk()
                    {
                        MediaLink = getVhdUri(string.Format("{0}.blob.core.windows.net/vhds", relatedStorageAccountName)),
                        SourceImageName = GetSourceImageNameByFamliyName("Windows Server 2012 Datacenter")
                    }
                }; 

                ConfigurationSet configSet = new ConfigurationSet
                {
                    ConfigurationSetType = ConfigurationSetTypes.WindowsProvisioningConfiguration,
                    EnableAutomaticUpdates = true,
                    ResetPasswordOnFirstLogon = false,
                    ComputerName = vmName,
                    AdminUserName = "UserName",
                    AdminPassword = "Password1!",
                    InputEndpoints = new BindingList<InputEndpoint>
                {
                    new InputEndpoint { LocalPort = , Name = "RDP", Protocol = "tcp" },
                    new InputEndpoint { LocalPort = , Port = , Name = "web", Protocol = "tcp" }
                }
                }; 

                vmRole.ConfigurationSets.Add(configSet);
                vmRole.ResourceExtensionReferences = null; 

                //STEP3: Add Role instance to Deployment Parmeters
                List<Role> roleList = new List<Role>() { vmRole };
                VirtualMachineCreateDeploymentParameters createDeploymentParams = new VirtualMachineCreateDeploymentParameters
                { 

                    Name = vmName,
                    Label = vmName,
                    Roles = roleList,
                    DeploymentSlot = DeploymentSlot.Production
                }; 

                //STEP4: Create a Deployment with VM Roles.
                client.VirtualMachines.CreateDeployment(vmName, createDeploymentParams);
                Console.WriteLine("Create VM success");
            }
            catch (CloudException e)
            { 

                throw e;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            } 

        } 

        private static Uri getVhdUri(string blobcontainerAddress)
        {
            var now = DateTime.UtcNow;
            string dateString = now.Year + "-" + now.Month + "-" + now.Day + now.Hour + now.Minute + now.Second + now.Millisecond; 

            var address = string.Format("http://{0}/{1}-650.vhd", blobcontainerAddress, dateString);
            return new Uri(address);
        } 

        private static void createCloudService(string cloudServiceName, string location, string affinityGroupName = null)
        {
            ComputeManagementClient client = new ComputeManagementClient(cloudCredentials);
            HostedServiceCreateParameters hostedServiceCreateParams = new HostedServiceCreateParameters();
            if (location != null)
            {
                hostedServiceCreateParams = new HostedServiceCreateParameters
                {
                    ServiceName = cloudServiceName,
                    Location = location,
                    Label = EncodeToBase64(cloudServiceName),
                };
            }
            else if (affinityGroupName != null)
            {
                hostedServiceCreateParams = new HostedServiceCreateParameters
                {
                    ServiceName = cloudServiceName,
                    AffinityGroup = affinityGroupName,
                    Label = EncodeToBase64(cloudServiceName),
                };
            }
            try
            {
                client.HostedServices.Create(hostedServiceCreateParams);
            }
            catch (CloudException e)
            {
                throw e;
            } 

        } 

        private static string EncodeToBase64(string toEncode)
        {
            byte[] toEncodeAsBytes
            = System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(toEncode);
            string returnValue
                  = System.Convert.ToBase64String(toEncodeAsBytes);
            return returnValue;
        } 

        private static string GetSourceImageNameByFamliyName(string imageFamliyName)
        {
            ComputeManagementClient client = new ComputeManagementClient(cloudCredentials);
            var results = client.VirtualMachineImages.List();
            var disk = results.Where(o => o.ImageFamily == imageFamliyName).FirstOrDefault(); 

            if (disk != null)
            {
                return disk.Name;
            }
            else
            {
                throw new CloudException(string.Format("Can't find {0} OS image in current subscription"));
            }
        } 

需要注意的问题有几下几点

1 "East Asia" 是数据中心的地址，你可以在portal中创建VM的时候找到相关选项。

2 在创建Azure虚拟机的时候，它的结构与Cloud service 类似，即顶层还是需要一个hosted service，接着是deployment，虚拟机必须在deployment之中。

3 在 Azure REST API 中有两个方法来添加虚拟机， Add ROLE和 CreateVMDeployment，经常有人搞不清这两个的区别，在了解第二点以后这里就很好理解了。

CreateVMDeployment，是先创建一个VM Deployment，然后再向其中添加若干个VM（通常是一个）， 而ADD role 必须向已经存在的Deployment中添加VM，而且只能添加一台。

你可以从MSDN下载我上传的代码文件。

如果觉得有用请给5分好评谢谢。