Linux学习之CentOS(五)--CentOS下VMware-Tools安装

已经进入到了Linux学习之CentOS的第六篇随笔了，所以这里就介绍一下VMware-Tools的安装。

VMware-Tools的安装

VMware-Tools 主要的功能就是让用户在虚拟机和真实系统之间实现无缝切换，这个功能很方便。当然VMware-Tools最主要是实现linux和windows的文件共享。在上一篇随笔中已经写到，在虚拟机的Linux系统中，如果需要将windows上的一些文件上传至Linux系统中，通常有三种方法，①安装VMware-Tools②将文件制作成ISO文件，然后挂载到Linux系统上③通过共享文件夹的方式(这个需要先安装VMware-Tools，否则无法实现)。若虚拟机中安装的是windows操作系统，安装就非常简单，直接双击点击安装即可。如图：

直接选择上方的VM -> Install VMware Tools(因为虚拟机启动了CentOS，并且已经安装好了VMware Tools，所以图片显示的可能和你们安装时不一样)

在Linux系统中，当启动完Linux系统以后，VM虚拟机的下方会弹出一个提醒框，提示用户是否需要在虚拟的Linux系统上安装VMware-Tools。此时我们可以选择OK，如果没有出现提示，则按照上图提示，自己手动选择安装即可。

此时，我们会发现Linux的桌面上加载了一个虚拟的光驱，打开以后里面就是我们需要安装的VMware-Tools版本软件，我的是(VMwareTools-8.4.6-385536.tar.gz)通过cp命令将该文件复制到/home目录下，然后输入一下命令：

[root@qdy ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom  # 加载光驱
[root@qdy ~]# cd /mnt/cdrom #进入光驱
[root@qdy cdrom]# ll
总用量 60608
-r--r--r--. 1 root root     1989 6月   7 2011 manifest.txt
-r--r--r--. 1 root root 62059831 6月   7 2011 VMwareTools-8.6.0-425873.tar.gz
[root@qdy cdrom]# cp VMwareTools-8.6.0-425873.tar.gz /home/xiaoming #复制文件至 home/xiaoming 目录下
[root@qdy cdrom]#

　　

[root@xiaoluo /]#  tar -zxvf /home/VMwareTools-8.4.6-385536.tar.gz　　#解压到当前目录
// 这个命令就是linux系统的解压缩命令，大部分软件在linux系统中是以.tar.gz、.bin、.rpm结尾的，对以.tar.gz格式文件我们只需用tar -zxvf命令对其解压即可

解压以后我们可以在 /home 目录下面发现一个文件夹 vmware-tools-distrib ，这个就是我们通过以上那个命令解压以后的文件夹。

[root@xiaoluo /]# cd /home/vmware-tools-distrib/　　　　// 进入到刚解压的VMware-Tools文件夹下
[root@xiaoluo vmware-tools-distrib]# ls -l　　　　　　　　
总用量 568
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   4096 3月  26 2011 bin
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   4096 3月  26 2011 doc
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   4096 3月  26 2011 etc
-r--r--r--.  1 root root 557757 3月  26 2011 FILES
lrwxrwxrwx.  1 root root     13 3月  31 21:20 INSTALL -> ./doc/INSTALL
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   4096 3月  26 2011 installer
drwxr-xr-x. 17 root root   4096 3月  26 2011 lib
lrwxrwxrwx.  1 root root     31 3月  31 21:20 vmware-install.pl -> ./bin/vmware-uninstall-tools.pl　　// 我们需要执行的文件

然后我们输入：

[root@xiaoluo vmware-tools-distrib]# ./vmware-install.pl 　　// 安装vm-tools (在linux系统中，【./】命令就是安装、执行软件)

这样我们就进入到了vm-tools安装界面，此时界面会出现一大堆的文件安装代码，我们只需要一直按着 enter 键即可。

下面的选项就按照默认值。一直回车就可以：

In which directory do you want to install the binary files?
[/usr/bin]

What is the directory that contains the init directories (rc0.d/ to rc6.d/)?

[/etc/rc.d]

What is the directory that contains the init scripts?
[/etc/rc.d/init.d]

In which directory do you want to install the daemon files?
[/usr/sbin]

In which directory do you want to install the library files?
[/usr/lib/vmware-tools]

The path “/usr/lib/vmware-tools” does not exist currently. This program is goingto create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?
[yes]

In which directory do you want to install the documentation files?
[/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools]

The path “/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools” does not exist currently. This program isgoing to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?
[yes]

The installation of VMware Tools 5.5.1 build-19175 for Linux completed
successfully. You can decide to remove this software from your system at any
time by invoking the following command: “/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-tools.pl”.

Before running VMware Tools for the first time, you need to configure it by
invoking the following command: “/usr/bin/vmware-config-tools.pl”. Do you want
this program to invoke the command for you now? [yes]

Stopping VMware Tools services in the virtual machine:
Guest operating system daemon: [ 确定 ]
Trying to find a suitable vmhgfs module for your running kernel.

The module bld-2.6.9-5.EL-i686-RHEL4 loads perfectly in the running kernel.

pcnet32 30153 0
Unloading pcnet32 module

Trying to find a suitable vmxnet module for your running kernel.

The module bld-2.6.9-5.EL-i686-RHEL4 loads perfectly in the running kernel.

Detected X.org version 6.8.

关闭控制台鼠标服务： [ 确定 ]
启动控制台鼠标服务： [ 确定 ]

Please choose one of the following display sizes (1 – 13):

# 显示分辨率，这里是以 1024×768 为例

# VMware Tools 安装的时候，会自动修改 X server 的配置文件

[1] ”640×480″
[2]< “800×600″
[3] ”1024×768″
[4] ”1152×864″
[5] ”1280×800″
[6] ”1152×900″
[7] ”1280×1024″
[8] ”1376×1032″
[9] ”1400×1050″
[10] ”1680×1050″
[11] ”1600×1200″
[12] ”1920×1200″
[13] ”2364×1773″
Please enter a number between 1 and 13:

[2] 3

X Window System Version 6.8.2
Release Date: 9 February 2005
X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0, Release 6.8.2
Build Operating System: Linux 2.6.9-34.EL i686 [ELF]
Current Operating System: Linux rd01.domain 2.6.9-34.EL #1 Wed Mar 8 00:07:35 CST 2006 i686
Build Date: 04 May 2006
Build Host: x8664-build.centos.org

Before reporting problems, check [url]http://wiki.X.Org[/url]
to make sure that you have the latest version.
Module Loader present
OS Kernel: Linux version 2.6.9-34.EL (buildcentos@build-i386) (gcc version 3.4.5 20051201 (Red Hat 3.4.5-2)) #1 Wed Mar 8 00:07:35 CST 2006 P
Markers: (–) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
(++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
(WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
(++) Log file: “/tmp/vmware-config0/XF86ConfigLog.3131″, Time: Mon Jun 12 20:57:34 2006
(++) Using config file: “/tmp/vmware-config0/XF86Config.3131″
(WW) VMWARE(0): Failed to set up write-combining range (0xf0000000,0×1000000)

X is running fine with the new config file.

Starting VMware Tools services in the virtual machine:
Switching to guest configuration: [ 确定   ]
Guest filesystem driver:             [ 确定   ]
DMA setup:                        [ 确定   ]
Guest operating system daemon:                         [ 确定   ]

The configuration of VMware Tools 5.5.1 build-19175 for Linux for this running
kernel completed successfully.

You must restart your X session before any mouse or graphics changes take
effect.

You can now run VMware Tools by invoking the following command:
“/usr/bin/vmware-toolbox” during an XFree86 session.

To use the vmxnet driver, restart networking using the following commands:
/etc/init.d/network stop
rmmod pcnet32
rmmod vmxnet
depmod -a
modprobe vmxnet
/etc/init.d/network start

Enjoy,

–the VMware team

最后，VMware-Tools安装成功了，咱们重启一下Linux系统，会发现VMware-Tools已经安装成功了，此时不但可以直接在windows界面将需要的文件或者文件夹直接复制到虚拟机的Linux系统中，而且可以通过文件共享来与windows系统建立无缝衔接：

至此，在Linux系统上安装VMware-Tools就成功告一段落了！！！！！